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Biomedical subjects

M Ruttum

Publications and source records attributed to M Ruttum.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

The Bagolini striated lens test for cyclotropia.

Measurements of cyclotropia obtained by two different techniques were compared in ten patients with superior oblique palsies. These techniques were the Maddox double rod test and a new test for cyclotropia using the Bagolini striated lenses. In contrast to the Maddox rods, the Bagolini lenses permit a nearly normal view of the visual environment; in addition with the Bagolini striated lens test, the patient's eyes were not prismatically dissociated as in the Maddox double rod test, but instead prisms were used when necessary to eliminate horizontal and vertical image disparities prior to measuring cyclotropia. The Bagolini striated lens test thereby permitted cyclotropia adaptive mechanisms to function under nearly normal viewing conditions. The two tests yielded similar measurements of cyclotropia under dissociated binocular conditions, but in several patients different results were found with the Bagolini striated lenses when associated vertical and horizontal heterotropias were eliminated spontaneously or prismatically. Three cases are reported in whom the Bagolini striated lens test provided important clinical information not revealed by the Maddox double rod test.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Pseudo-internuclear ophthalmoplegia after surgical paresis of the medial rectus muscle.

Unilateral or bilateral limitation of adduction with jerk nystagmus of the abducting eye occurred after a weakening operation of the medial rectus muscle in five patients aged 9 to 39 years. The nystagmus waveform was indistinguishable and the clinical findings were similar to those in internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Persistence of the abducting nystagmus after occluding the adducting fellow eye in four of the five patients reflected a continued attempt of the central nervous system to increase neural activity to the paretic eye. This hypermetric response disappeared after several days of patching of one eye, only to reappear after removal of the patch. These observations suggested that the generation of abducting nystagmus in conjunction with medial rectus muscle palsy of the fellow eye does not necessarily depend on lesions in the median longitudinal fasciculus, but may also be caused by a gain-step mismatch of the saccadic generation system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Adaptation to tilting of the visual environment in cyclotropia.

We evaluated adaptations to tilting of the visual environment in 18 patients with cyclotropia by comparison of subjective tests for torsion with the actual rotation of the globes determined by fundus photography. Patients with congenital cyclotropia had a sensory reorientation of the spatial values of retinal meridians in the cyclotropic eye that prevented awareness of tilting of the environment under uniocular and binocular conditions. Patients with cyclotropia acquired as adults in many instances also had retinal sensory reorientations of the cyclotropic eye or eyes. Additionally, they used spatial clues from the visual environment to correct for image tilting under uniocular conditions. Under dissociated binocular conditions, however, these patients became aware of tilting of the visual environment, and therefore these adaptations were less deeply rooted than those in patients with congenital cyclotropia. Because certain patients with acquired cyclotropia showed evidence of using these adaptations under uniocular conditions but had constant or intermittent torsional diplopia under casual binocular viewing conditions, binocular mechanisms such as cyclofusion, suppression, and anomalous retinal correspondence may also be necessary to eliminate subjective tilting of the visual environment.

Adaptation, Physiological↗