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Biomedical subjects

M S Gulati

Publications and source records attributed to M S Gulati.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

MR spectrum in spinal dysraphism.

Spinal dysraphism is a general term which encompasses a wide variety of anomalies of the spine, all of which result from imperfect midline fusion of the embryonic neural tube. This term refers to large defects that involve the spine and not to small vertical clefts commonly seen within the spinal process of L5 or S1. We present a spectrum of MR imaging findings selected from a retrospective review of 100 patients of spinal dysraphism evaluated at our institution.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2001

Elbow arthropathy in hemophilia.

Twenty-one affected elbows in 14 known hemophilic patients undergoing treatment at the Hemophilia Clinic of our institution between 1994 and 1997 were evaluated using the clinical evaluation score of the Orthopaedic Advisory Committee of the World Federation of Hemophilia and radiological examination using the Pettersson score. The mean age of patients was 16.2 years (range 10-25 years), and all patients except 1 had severe hemophilia with factor VIII levels less than 1% of normal. The mean duration of disease at the time of presentation was 12.8 years. The mean clinical score was 6, while the mean radiological score was 4.9. There was a positive correlation between the clinical and radiological scores (P < 0.0001). However, the clinical and radiological scores did not correlate with either duration of disease or joint bleeding score. Two new radiological signs of obliteration of the capitello-lateral epicondyle groove with rounding off of the lateral aspect of the distal humerus and lipping of the medial trochlear surface were also recognized in hemophilic arthropathy of the elbow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Management of renal angiomyolipoma in complex clinical situations.

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is associated with complex clinical situations such as tumour in a solitary kidney, bilateral, large or multicentric tumours or those associated with tuberous sclerosis (TS) or pregnancy. Management in these situations may be challenging. Fifteen patients (20 kidneys) were admitted with symptomatic AML over last 10 years. Eleven patients had one or the other complicating factor. Ten patients had a tumour of >10 cm, 4 had TS, 5 had multiple and bilateral tumours, 1 patient was pregnant and 1 had a solitary functioning kidney. With the newer imaging modalities correct diagnosis was possible in 12 cases and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was suspected in 3 cases. Selective angioembolization (SAE) was done in 3 patients, which successfully controlled bleeding in all. Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) was performed in 5 patients. Total nephrectomy was done in 4 cases, in 3 due to suspicion of RCC and in 1 due to extensive involvement of the kidney. Three patients with multiple and bilateral tumours were chosen for conservative treatment and none developed recurrence of bleeding on strict follow-up. In a pregnant patient, bleeding was successfully controlled with angioembolization. However, 1 patient with a solitary functioning kidney with large-sized tumour (20 x 18 cm) underwent NSS. In conclusion, the basis of management of AML is preservation of renal tissue, which can be effectively achieved with SAE or NSS. In a solitary functioning kidney, NSS or SAE is the ideal treatment, if feasible. The patients in the TS group are usually more complicated and require life-long follow-up after initial management with NSS or SAE. Pregnant AML patients can be safely managed with SAE. Conservative treatment without any intervention and regular follow-up may be more helpful in some patients with multiple, bilateral extensive tumours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Pauci-immune rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis after nephrectomy in a renal donor.

Idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a clinicopathologic syndrome in which glomerular damage is accompanied by a rapid and progressive decline in renal function, usually resulting in irreversible renal failure in weeks or months. We report the occurrence of pauci-immune RPGN, more specifically microscopic polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), in a 60-year-old woman 15 months after donor nephrectomy, and 3 months after documentation of intact, residual renal function. The transplanted kidney continues to function well in the recipient, 6 years posttransplantation, and 4.5 years beyond destruction of the donor's contralateral kidney by RPGN. The donor underwent cadaveric renal transplantation after 2 years on dialysis, and at the 3-year mark has intact renal function. These intriguing observations strongly argue that host environmental factors, rather than intrarenal factors, play a major causative role in the pathogenesis of RPGN.

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic↗
PubMed1999

Pelvi-calyceal cast formation following silver nitrate treatment for chyluria.

A case of chyluria is reported in which anuria followed instillation of 3% silver nitrate into the collecting system of both kidneys, with unusual radiographic features. Plain radiographic, ultrasound and computed tomographic findings are discussed. To the best of the authors' knowledge this has not been previously described in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Pre-operative management of congenital choledochal cyst with ultrasound-guided percutaneous choledochalcystostomy.

Choledochal cyst is a rare congenital anomaly of the biliary system, presenting in infancy. Two cases of choledochal cyst (one infected) with grossly deranged liver function tests and associated biliary atresia, which were successfully managed pre-operatively by sonoguided percutaneous choledochalcystostomy, are reported here. The use of this technique in the treatment of patients such as these is proposed.

Choledochal Cyst↗
PubMed1999

Pictorial CME.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1998

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: unusual magnetic resonance features.

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a congenital vascular abnormality consisting of a cutaneous naevus, varicose veins and bone and soft-tissue hypertrophy affecting one or more limbs. A case is presented here with some unusual associated findings seen on MR that, to the best of the authors' knowledge, has not been reported in the literature. Although colour Doppler in addition to venography is frequently used in demonstration of the KT vein, MRI may well have an important role in complete assessment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A comparative study of effects of mouth breathing and normal breathing on gingival health in children.

The present study was conducted to assess the effects of mouth breathing, lip seal and upper lip coverage on gingival health of children. 240 school children aged 10-14 years were selected irrespective of sex race and socioeconomic status. They were divided into two major groups i.e. mouth breathers and normal breathers. These groups were further subdivided into six sub-groups or categories on the basis of lip seal and upper incisor coverage. Gingival index was found to be higher in the mouth breathers than in the normal breathers in the subjects with incompetent lip seal. Increased lip separation and decreased upper lip coverage were all associated with higher levels of Plaque index and Gingival index. No statistical difference existed between mouth breathers and normal breathers with respect to Plaque index.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Comparison of sealing efficacy of materials placed in lateral root perforations--an in vitro study.

An endodontic perforation interferes with the principal goal of sealing the root canal system. An in vitro study was conducted on comparative efficacy of three materials-Dispersalloy, Cavit and Prisma VLC Dycal when placed in lateral root perforations in cervical third areas. Root canals were prepared and irrigated thoroughly. Perforations were made with No. 2 round bur and sealed with Dispersalloy, Cavit and Prisma VLC Dycal. Dispersalloy Group I showed best sealing ability. Prisma VLC Dycal Group I too was comparable to Dispersalloy Group I in its sealing ability, followed by Cavit Group II, Prisma VLC Dycal Group II, Dispersalloy Group II in that order. Cavit Group I was least effective in sealing perforations.

Analysis of Variance↗