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Biomedical subjects

M S Karetzky

Publications and source records attributed to M S Karetzky.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Pulmonary complications of acute myelogenous leukemia.

Pulmonary complications of acute myelogenous leukemia are attributed to infection, hemorrhage, or toxicity from chemotherapeutic agents. Rarely, damaged leukemic blast cells in lung parenchyma result in chest x-ray abnormalities and respiratory symptoms.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

Complications of caustic ingestion.

The use of steroid and antibiotic prophylaxis no longer is tenable on the basis of recent studies showing their inability to favorably influence the outcome of caustic injuries. The need for early endoscopic and radiologic assessment if not gastroesophagectomy for severe injuries now is the management of choice. Further efforts to identify high-risk populations and efforts to educate them of the dangers must continue.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Idiopathic unilateral hyperlucent lung.

The entity of unilateral hyperlucent lung in the adult is presented as a disease which has its origins in childhood and carries the potential for cardiopulmonary morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Current concepts in narcolepsy.

Narcolepsy, a disabling disorder, has been underdiagnosed. The classic tetrad of symptoms includes sudden sleep attacks, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnogogic hallucinations. Diagnosis and treatment will restore a normal quality of life.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1989

Varicella pneumonia in the adult.

Chickenpox pneumonia can occur in as many as half of the varicella-zoster infections in adults. Although it usually exhibits a benign course, this complication can cause considerable morbidity and mortality in predisposed groups, including pregnant women and immunosuppressed patients. In these patients, the use of antiviral drugs, most notably acyclovir, has been shown to lessen the morbidity of varicella-zoster infections. Early diagnosis of lung involvement from the chest x-ray or arterial blood gas measurements, even in the absence of symptoms, is essential for optimum efficacy of drug therapy. The use of acyclovir in normal hosts continues to be debated, especially for prophylaxis, because of its potential for nephrotoxicity. Judicious use of acyclovir will reduce the overall mortality from this potentially fatal complication of varicella zoster virus infection.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1988

Bronchoalveolar lavage-induced pneumothorax.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has not been associated with the complication of pneumothorax. Candidates for this procedure are predisposed to develop pneumothorax due to underlying infectious interstitial emphysema. This risk factor is increased by the hyperbaric consequences of lavage and also by the cough induced by bronchoscopic examination. While BAL remains a useful diagnostic procedure, patients should be monitored for occurrence of pneumothorax.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome using a nasopharyngeal tube.

The efficacy of a nasopharyngeal tube was evaluated in 44 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Twenty-four of these patients underwent repeated polysomnographic studies with the nasopharyngeal tube in place. They had a 62.3 percent decrease in apnea index and a 39.2 percent decrease in disordered breathing events/h. The nasopharyngeal tube was successful in 16 of the 24 patients (66.7 percent efficacy), and overall patient tolerance of the tube was 44.2 percent. The nasopharyngeal tube failures had a higher apnea + hypopnea index, lower SaO2 nadir, and a higher PaCO2 than the nasopharyngeal tube successes. They were also heavier than the successful patients. The nasopharyngeal tube is a useful alternative treatment for patients with OSA syndrome and may be used as an immediate therapeutic modality while the patient loses weight or as an alternative for those patients who fail or cannot tolerate nasal continuous positive airway pressure.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1986

Evaluating control of breathing utilizing an on-line microcomputer.

This paper describes a system that was designed to evaluate ventilatory responses to hypercapnia, airway occlusion pressure (P100), as well as measuring ventilatory drive and timing. Parameters measured include minute ventilation (VE), breathing rate (f), tidal volume (VT), inspiratory time (TI), fractional inspiratory time (TI/TTot), mean inspiratory flow (VT/TI), and end tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2). These measurements allow for a thorough analysis of abnormalities of neural and neuromuscular ventilatory drive. The system's architecture was based primarily on currently available microcomputer components designed for the IEEE 696 bus.

Computers↗
PubMed1978

Effect of thoracentesis on arterial oxygen tension.

The acute effects of thoracentesis on arterial oxygenation were observed in 19 studies on 17 patients. Arterial blood samples were obtained prior to, immediately after, and 1 h after thoracentesis. Unpredictable changes in the arterial oxygen tension, ranging from -22 to +19 mm Hg were found immediately following thoracentesis. It was concluded that significant hypoxemia may result from thoracentesis due to aberration of ventilation-perfusion relationships. It is further suggested that oxygen therapy be routinely administered during and immediately after the procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Asthma in the South Bronx: clinical and epidemiologic characteristics.

This study of the adult emergency room asthma population in an urban poverty area was performed to assess and enhance the effectiveness of medical treatment and community health care delivery. The number of visits for acute asthma decreased during the 3-yr period of observation despite an annual increase in the total number of emergency room visits. This was attributed to fewer multiple visits and earlier hospitalization. An analysis of adult and pediatric patients hospitalized for asthma was also performed and revealed that asthma was responsible for 25% of pediatric and 13% of adult female medical admissions. An asthma registry of 1,329 adult patients, compiled over a 12-mo period showed a 7:3 female to male ratio of 60% Puerto Rican predominance. The identification of patients usually refractory to outpatient treatment was hindered by the constant flux in the population base as illustrated by an 85% increase in the asthma registry over the succeeding 12-mo period. Since many of these patients were previously cared for at other metropolitan institutions the creation of a centralized data system making such records available to all emergency care facilities would allow for the rapid identification of refractory patients and enhance the management of their acute episodes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Blood studies in untreated patients with acute asthma.

Arterial and venous blood samples were obtained from 23 patients with acute asthma before they received systemic or intermittent positive-pressure breathing therapy. Serum lactate, electrolyte, and enzyme concentrations, arterial pH, arterial PCO2, arterial PO2, peak expiratory flows, and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations were measured. The serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, and creatine phosphokinase activities were increased in 90, 81, and 38 per cent of the patients, respectively, and the individual values correlated poorly with the arterial PO2. In addition, there was a close correlation between the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration and arterial PO2 (r = -0.75), indicating an active intraerythrocytic compensatory mechanism for enhancing O2 delivery operative in acute asthma.

Acute Disease↗