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Biomedical subjects

M S Kogutt

Publications and source records attributed to M S Kogutt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Intramural pseudodiverticulosis of the esophagus detected on barium esophagograms: increased prevalence in patients with esophageal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that intramural pseudodiverticulosis of the esophagus is more prevalent in patients with esophageal carcinoma than in randomly selected patients who undergo esophagography for other indications. Such an association would prompt a careful search for carcinoma after esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis is found. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single- and double-contrast esophagograms of 245 patients with esophageal carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. A control group of 6400 esophagograms obtained for indications other than esophageal carcinoma was also reviewed. The statistical significance of the difference in prevalence of esophageal intramural pseudodiverticula between patients with esophageal carcinoma and the control group was tested using the chi-square test. The significance of difference between the number of esophageal intramural pseudodiverticula in patients with esophageal dilatation and the number in those without dilatation was tested using a small-sample nonparametric test. RESULTS: Intramural pseudodiverticulosis of the esophagus was found in 11 patients with esophageal carcinoma (4.5%) and in six control subjects (0.09%). Intramural pseudodiverticulosis of the esophagus was present opposite the tumor as well as both proximally and distally. The number of cases of intramural diverticulosis in patients with esophageal carcinoma and dilatation was not significantly higher than that in patients with carcinoma but without dilatation (p > .1) CONCLUSION: The prevalence of esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis is significantly higher in patients with esophageal carcinoma than in patients who underwent esophagography for other indications (p < .0002). This association implies increased risk of esophageal carcinoma in patients with intramural pseudodiverticulosis. Periodic surveillance of patients with intramural pseudodiverticulosis of the esophagus for esophageal carcinoma may be worthwhile.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Association of rectal diverticula and scleroderma.

Barium enema examinations of 7,200 patients were analyzed to determine the presence of rectal diverticula. Five patients with rectal diverticula, a prevalence of 0.07%, were found. Their diameters varied from 10 to 80 mm. Each of the patients had a single rectal diverticulum. Two patients had scleroderma with no other diverticula in the large bowel. None of our patients had symptoms referable to the rectal diverticula.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Correlation of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography with MRI and MRA in the evaluation of sickle cell disease patients with prior stroke.

We prospectively evaluated a group of patients with sickle cell disease and a clinical history of prior stroke, comparing transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) to both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to determine its efficacy for the detection of flow abnormalities associated with prior cerebral infarction. Using MRI as the standard examination, there was 94% sensitivity and 30% specificity, and using MRA as the standard examination, there was 91% sensitivity and 22% specificity. We concur with other reports that the transcranial Doppler examination is a highly sensitive study. In our group of sickle cell disease patients with prior stroke, TCD reliably detected flow abnormalities that correlated to areas of prior cerebral infarction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Concurrent bronchopulmonary foregut malformations. A rare occurrence.

The incidence of multiple or bilateral bronchopulmonary foregut malformations is unusual, and has rarely been reported in the literature. The presence of symptomatic concurrent, different malformations in the same patient, as described here, has not been previously reported. The spectrum of these congenital lesions is wide, and each form may present with its own set of symptoms. This may lead to a complex clinical picture requiring extensive and varied imaging evaluation.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

Low dose imaging of scoliosis: use of a computed radiographic imaging system.

A digital radiographic system using the technology of laser stimulated luminescence has been utilized for the evaluation of scoliosis at reduced exposure levels. A total of 412 examinations have been performed on children with scoliosis. Diagnostic images were produced at significantly reduced radiation exposures when compared to standard radiographic techniques. Exposure reductions of 92% to 95% were consistently achieved. Since the potential for multiple examinations and considerable radiation exposure in this patient population is high, this is a significant application in the developing technology of digital radiography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Low-dose digital computed radiography in pediatric chest imaging.

A prototype digital computed radiographic imaging system that uses laser-stimulated luminescence was evaluated for its ability to achieve reproducible, high-detail, low-dose pediatric chest radiographs. Using this system, we performed a total of 401 examinations in infants and children, and achieved an 85% reduction in radiation dose, as compared with that delivered when film-screen techniques were used. We also achieved satisfactory image resolution, and the images obtained were of acceptable diagnostic quality. A direct comparison of analog and digital radiographs showed that comparable quality and clinical acceptability could be readily maintained between the two techniques. This study shows that high-quality images can be produced by this system at radiation doses reduced by 85% when compared with doses from standard radiographic techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Trigerminal teratoma of the tonsil.

Teratomas of the head and neck in infants and children, though uncommon, should be included in the differential diagnosis of head and neck masses in this age group. Roentgenographic examinations should be an integral part of the initial evaluation. Characteristic tooth-like calcifications are often present within teratomas. Sonographic procedures may be useful in differentiation of cystic, solid, or mixed tumors. Computerized tomography may be recommended to evaluate the extent of the lesion and to assess intracranial involvement. As in the case we have presented, surgical excision is curative. Complications of surgery have been due to hemorrhage and/or respiratory difficulties.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Esophageal stenosis due to cartilaginous tracheobronchial remnants.

In cases of congenital esophageal stenosis, tracheobronchial remnants in the distal esophagus should be considered a possible diagnosis. The cause is thought to be esophageal sequestration of a tracheobronchial anlage before embryologic separation. Primary resection of the stenotic portion of the esophagus with re-anastomosis is recommended. Such a case is reported.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1979

Necrotizing enterocolitis of infancy. Early roentgen patterns as a guide to prompt diagnosis.

Necrotizing enterocolitis of infancy most commonly affects premature infants during the first several weeks of life. In most cases it is a devastating condition that often progresses to severe complications of death. The classic abnormalities, such as gas in the bowel wall and/or portal vein, are generally late manifestations. The author has consistently observed several distinct radiographic findings in early stages of the disease: (a) ileus and elongation of bowel loops; (b) loss of bowel wall definition; and (c) a disorganized, atonic pattern of intestinal gas. These findings are helpful in early diagnosis, particularly when the clinical features are nondiagnostic.

Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous↗