Serum beta-glucuronidase activity in human diabetes mellitus, granuloma annulare and necrobiosis lipoidica.
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Diabetes Mellitus↗
Biomedical subjects
M S Koh
Publications and source records attributed to M S Koh.
Increased factor VIII-related antigen in necrobiosis lipoidica and widespread granuloma annulare without associated diabetes.
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Adult↗
Effects of sera and exudate from carrageenan-treated rats on two models of acute inflammation.
The air bleb has been studied as a cavity suitable for the production of a chronic inflammatory response. The ability of carrageenan and CPPD crystals to produce a chronic response in this cavity has been studied and the nature of the reaction described quantitatively and qualitatively. Carrageenan produced a fluid exudation predominated by mononuclear cells and histologically chronic in nature. However, CPPD failed to produce an inflammatory response apart from the formation of a few foreign body giant cells. Using the model described, experiments were undertaken to examine the ability of exudates and sera taken from animals undergoing either an acute or chronic reaction to modify two models of acute inflammation. Firstly the carrageenan complement dependent pleurisy and secondly the CPPD complement independent pleurisy. Volume of chronic and acute total cell numbers were reduced by chronic and acute exudates and sera on the carrageenan pleural model. No significant effect was on the CPPD pleural model.
Animals↗
A comparison of coumarin and levamisole on parameters of the inflammatory response.
Three experimental animal models have been used in the studies on the stimulatory effect of coumarin and levamisole. Both coumarin and levamisole increases cell coverage on subcutaneous implanted glass coverslip in mice. An increase in intracellular phosphatase activity was also observed. Stimulated mouse peritoneal cells when treated in vivo with coumarin or levamisole and then cultured in vitro showed increases acid phosphatase secretion (both extracellular and intracellular) as compared to control. Coumarin reduced the primary lesion of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. However, it potentiates the secondary lesions. Levamisole has no effect on the primary lesion but potentiates the secondary lesions. There was an increase in spleen and adrenal weights which correlate well with the severity of the secondary lesions. Increase in liver weight was only observed in coumarin-treated animals, an observation which suggests that coumarin may be a powerful mononuclear phagocytes system stimulant. The similarities and differences between coumarin and levamisole in their mode of action will be discussed.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Studies on cell motility in inflammation. I. The chemotactic activity of experimental, immunological and non-immunological, inflammatory exudates.
The accumulation of leucocytes at the site of inflammation may be brought about by chemotaxis or proliferation in the extravascular tissues. The present paper focuses on the chemotactic properties of different types of experimental inflammatory pleural exudates, using a modified Boyden chamber. The time-course of carrageenan-induced exudate chemotactic activity for polymorphs was maximal at 4 h, thereafter diminishing towards 24 and 48 h. Chemotactic activity for mononuclear cells remained unchanged throughout the 4--48 h time-course. Heating the exudates to 56 degrees C for 1 h partially reduced chemotactic activity. These results correlate well with the migration of polymorph and mononuclear cells into the pleural cavity during carrageenan-induced pleurisy. The potency of polymorph and mononuclear cell chemotactic activity of different exudates was of the following order: carrageenan greater than calcium pyrophosphate greater than reverse passive Arthus greater than dextran. The results are discussed in order to elucidate the differences between the underlying mechanisms responsible for leucocyte accumulation in different types of inflammatory reaction.
Animals↗
Studies on cell motility in inflammation. II. The in vivo effect of anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drugs on chemotaxis in vitro.
Two systems were used to test the effect of anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drugs on chemotactic activity of cell-free exudates and also on the chemotactic responsiveness of exudate leucocytes. (1) Inflammatory cell-free exudates from treated rats were tested for their chemotactic activity on exudate leucocytes from untreated rats. (2) Polymorph and mononuclear cells from treated rats were tested for their responsiveness to the chemotactic activity of cell-free exudates from untreated rats. Levamisole, coumarin and D-penicillamine were ineffective in (1) and (2). Colchicine reduced chemotaxis of polymorphs in both systems (1) and (2), whereas no effect was observed on mononuclears. Naproxen was more effective in reducing the chemotaxis of polymorphs compared with mononuclears in systems (1) and (2). In contrast, indomethacin and dexamethasone reduced the chemotaxis of both polymorph and mononuclear cells in systems (1) and (21. Of the drugs tested dexamethasone exhibited the highest potency. These results emphasize the necessity for studying both cellular and humoral factors in the evaluation of the action of anti-inflammatory drugs on chemotaxis.
Animals↗
The value of multifactorial screening for anti-inflammatory activity as shown by coumarin.
Different types of acute inflammatory pleural reactions have been used as a means of detecting the anti-inflammatory potential of a particular drug coumarin. The latter had some type of activity in all the reactions. However, whereas coumarin inhibited leucocyte accumulation induced by dextran it had no effect on the volume of fluid exudate. Conversely, coumarin reduced the volume of exudate in the Arthus reaction whereas the cellular infiltrate remained unaltered. Leucocytes from dextran-induced exudate (predominantly polymorphs) removed from animals pretreated with coumarin showed marked inhibition of migration in vitro. This correlated well with the suppression by coumarin of the dextran-induced leucocyte response in vivo. Coumarin administered in vivo was also shown to stimulate phagocytosis of latex by mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. These findings are discussed with respect to the evaluation of anti-inflammatory drug activity and to the mode of action of coumarin.
Animals↗
[A study of leadership training program demands of first-line nurse managers in university hospitals].
There is an important concern regarding the First-line nurse manager's leadership because of the recognition that effectiveness of Leadership in this position results in benefits for the whole health care organization. So knowledge and practice of effective leadership behavior are now more essential to nursing than ever before. First-line Nurse Managers must be effective leaders to meet today's challenge because staff nurse, patient are affected by them. So the purpose of this study was to identify and to analyse the need for Leadership program of First Line nurse managers in university hospitals. There were three major purposes of this study. First, identify First-line nurse managers general characteristic, second, identify their experience of leadership training, third, identify and analysis their demands for leadership training program. The subjects for this study was 167 First-line nurse manager randomly from 18 university hospitals in Korea. The data were collected through questionnaires from Oct. 13th to Nov. 20th, 1997, data was analysed using frequencies and percentages. Especially the steps of analysis of descriptions were as follows: Initial analysis centered on the identification of the demands of first-line nurse managers. Later analysis collapsed the demands into broad categories. From the collect data, 283 demands of first-line nurse managers were identified. These demands were then sorted into 3 broad categories that included: Self development as first-line nurse managers, relationship with others, and practice The result of the study were as follows: 1) Most of nurse managers (79.6%) had leadership training course and had good experience to improve self leadership. 2) Their demands of leadership training course are as follows: First, for self as first-line nurse managers, they want to learn leadership theory, identify their leadership style and then develop their leadership skill. Second, for others as first-line nurse managers, they want to improve their communication skill, empowering others, relationship with others. Third, for patients as first-line nurse managers, improve their knowledge of practice. From the above finding, this study can be suggested the following: 1. Develop a leadership training course to improve first-line nurse manager's leadership skill according to their demands, so they will be better able to lead staff nurses for organization purposes. 2. When develop leadership training program, it must be contained the factors which first-line nurse managers want to learn.
Curriculum↗