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M S Rein

Publications and source records attributed to M S Rein.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

32% dextran 70 (Hyskon) inhibits lymphocyte and macrophage function in vitro: a potential new mechanism for adhesion prevention.

Thirty-two percent dextran 70 (Hyskon, Pharmacia Laboratories, Piscataway, NJ) is reported to be efficacious in the prevention of postoperative adhesions, however, the precise mechanism of action remains unclear. Activated macrophages and T-lymphocytes play an important role in postoperative wound healing and adhesion formation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Hyskon on lymphocyte and macrophage activity in vitro. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and peritoneal fluid leukocytes were isolated from infertile women and fertile controls. Lymphocyte proliferation was assessed by hemocytometer cell counts and 3H-thymidine incorporation. Macrophage function was determined by phagocytosis of fluorescent microspheres. Hyskon significantly inhibited lymphocyte proliferation and macrophage phagocytosis in all groups. Hyskon did not affect cell viability as determined by trypan blue exclusion. The results of this study indicate that Hyskon has immunosuppressive effects in vitro suggesting a new mechanism by which Hyskon may reduce postoperative adhesion formation.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1989

A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study evaluating leuprolide acetate depot treatment before myomectomy.

Eighteen premenopausal women with symptomatic leiomyomata uteri were enrolled in a stratified, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the efficacy of leuprolide acetate (LA) depot treatment before myomectomy. Stratification was based on pretreatment uterine volume (less than 600 cm3 versus greater than or equal to 600 cm3). Nine women received intramuscular (IM) depot LA 3.75 mg every 4 weeks for 12 weeks (group A); nine women received IM placebo with the same injection schedule (group B). All women underwent myomectomy within 4 weeks of their last injection. Mean total intraoperative blood loss was 213 +/- 44 mL (mean +/- standard error of the mean [SEM]) in group A and 302 +/- 43 mL in group B. When data from patients with large uteri (pretreatment uterine volumes of 600 cm3 or greater) were analyzed, mean total blood loss was 189 +/- 44 mL in group A and 390 +/- 20 mL in group B. These data suggest that leuprolide depot treatment before myomectomy may decrease intraoperative blood loss in women with large leiomyomata uteri.

Delayed-Action Preparations↗
PubMed1988

Rat Leydig cell and granulosa cell 17-ketosteroid reductase activity: subcellular localization and substrate specificity.

The potent gonadal steroids testosterone and estradiol are synthesized from the biologically weak precursors, androstenedione and estrone, by enzymatic reduction of the ketone group at carbon-17 of the steroid nucleus (17-ketosteroid reductase). To test the hypothesis that Leydig and granulosa cells may contain a distinct 17-ketosteroid reductase enzyme, the subcellular localization and the substrate specificity of the enzyme was examined in each cell type. In Leydig cells, the 17-ketosteroid reductase activity was concentrated in the microsomal fraction of the cell. In granulosa cells, the 17-ketosteroid reductase activity was concentrated in the cytosolic fraction of the cell. In Leydig cell microsomes, the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant for the conversion of androstenedione to testosterone was 0.41 mumol/L and for the conversion of estrone to estradiol it was 12 mumol/L. In granulosa cell cytosol, the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant for the conversion of estrone to estradiol was 1.1 mumol/L and for the conversion of androstenedione to testosterone it was 15 mumol/L. These results demonstrate that rat Leydig and granulosa cells each contain a 17-ketosteroid reductase enzyme with unique subcellular localization and substrate specificity.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The causes of high-order multiple gestation.

Most recent reviews of multiple gestations have reported that the major cause of triplet and quadruplet pregnancy is therapy with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG). In an attempt to decrease the number of high-order multiple gestations due to hMG, serial ovarian ultrasound evaluation was introduced in the mid-1970s. To assess the impact of changing technology on the causes of high-order multiple gestation, we reviewed the experience at our institution from 1983 to 1987. During this time period, 35,119 deliveries were performed, including 13 triplet and 2 quadruplet deliveries. Of the triplet and quadruplet pregnancies, 3 (20%) patients conceived spontaneously, 11 (73%) conceived in association with ovulation induction, and 1 (7%) conceived during an IVF cycle. Of the pregnancies associated with ovulation induction, 9 (82%) were associated with clomiphene therapy and only 2 (18%) with hMG therapy. Of the clomiphene patients, 6 (67%) conceived at a dose of 50 mg per day for five days and 5 (55%) conceived during the first cycle. At the present time, in our institution, hMG therapy is no longer the major cause of triplet and quadruplet pregnancies. It is possible that serial serum estradiol and ovarian ultrasound monitoring of hMG cycles has contributed to the low number of hMG-induced triplet and quadruplet pregnancies that we observed.

Adult↗