Biomedical subjects

M S Spaepen

Publications and source records attributed to M S Spaepen.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1977

Simple, direct broth-disk method for antibiotic susceptibility testing of Ureaplasma urealyticum.

A simple, direct broth-disk test, utilizing urine sediment as the inoculum and impregnated paper disks as the source of antibiotic, was developed and used to test the susceptibility of 54 isolates of Ureaplasma urealyticum (T-strain mycoplasmas) to minocycline, doxycycline, demeclocycline, tetracycline, and erythromycin. The concentration of each antibiotic was calculated to approximate the attainable blood level. Resistance or susceptibility to each antibiotic was determined by growth, indicated by a color change of the medium in each tube, comparable to that of a control culture without antibiotic. Of the 54 T-mycoplasmas tested, 46 (85.2%) were inhibited by 1 mug of minocycline per ml, 45 (83.3%) were inhibited by 1 mug of doxycycline per ml, 38 (72.2%) were inhibited by 1 mug of demeclocycline per ml, 18 (33.3%) were inhibited by 1 mug of tetracycline per ml, and only 2 (3.7%) were inhibited by 3 mug of erythromycin per ml. Seven (13%) of the 54 T-mycoplasmas tested were resistant to all five antibiotics. There was good correlation between results obtained by this direct broth-disk method and minimal inhibitory concentrations obtained by the direct broth dilution method.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1976

Tetracycline-resistant T-mycoplasmas (Ureaplasma urealyticum) from patients with a history of reproductive failure.

The susceptibilities of T-mycoplasmas (Ureaplasma urealyticum) to minocycline, demeclocycline, doxycycline, tetracycline, and erythromycin were determined by a direct tube dilution test. T-mycoplasma-positive urine sediments of 105 patients with a history of reproductive failure were used as inocula. Minocycline was found to be the most active of the group of antibiotics commonly used to eradicate T-mycoplasma infection. Based on the median initial minimum inhibitory concentration, minocycline was the lowest with 0.03 mug/ml, followed by demeclocycline and doxycycline with 0.125 mug/ml, tetracycline with 0.25 mug/ml, and erythromycin with 2.0 mug/ml. Six T-mycoplasma isolates which had been cloned three times were also tested for susceptibility to the same five antibiotics. The same susceptibility pattern was found. Strains resistant to high concentrations of all antibiotics occurred. Strong positive correlation was seen in 21 patients between in vitro highly resistant strains and positive posttreatment cultures. These results indicate that empirical treatment of genital mycoplasma infections is not justified. Cultures should be taken pretreatment, susceptibility testing performed prior to treatment, and follow-up cultures done posttreatment.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗

PubMed1975

Microorganisms in heated nebulizers.

Out of 353 heated nebulizers in actual use which were cultured in the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, 118 (33%) were found to be contaminated. Gram-negative organisms predominated with rare micrococci and fungi. A slow-growing Vibrio was also recovered from 4 nebulizers. Heating of nebulizers above 46 C resulted in significant reduction of contamination. Types of heated nebulizers also figured significantly in the rate of contamination found. Carefully considered recommendations for the care and use of respiratory therapy equipment must be instituted and enforced. Techniques for terminal disinfection of equipment, followed by sterilization should result in the issue of sterile equipment for each patient. Rules for maintenance of equipment at the bedside are also needed.

Respiratory Therapy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence and survival of microbial contaminants in heated nebulizers.

Over a 2-year period, 600 cultures of fluid in heated nebulizers in use by patients in the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital were performed. The most commonly isolated microorganisms were Pseudomonas and Alcaligenes species. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was never isolated. Three types of heated nebulizers were in use, and their contamination rate was significantly different (45 percent, 21 percent, and 8 percent, respectively; p less than 0.001). In the course of the study, the overall contamination rate decreased from 47 percent to 10 percent. This was mainly due to elmination of the type of heated nebulizer that was most prone to contamination. Five types of currently available large-reservoir nebulizers were inculated with various organisms and growth patterns studied. The various nebulizing equiment differed in its ability to inhibit or eliminate microbial growth; 1 of the heated nebulizers appeared to enhance growth of some of the inoculated bacteria.

Acinetobacter↗