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Biomedical subjects

M S Volk

Publications and source records attributed to M S Volk.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Optical-thermal simulation of human tonsillar tissue irradiation: clinical implications.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Mucosa intact laser tonsillar ablation is an alternative to conventional tonsillectomy. The efficacy of this procedure was demonstrated in canines, but establishing the safety of irradiating human tonsils is paramount. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: An optical-thermal simulation of tonsillar tissue irradiation was previously developed, but the effect of varying parameters was not investigated. The tissue response to irradiation at 5-25 watts for 1 minute and 10 watts for 10 seconds to 162 seconds is simulated. RESULTS: At 15 watts and greater, the peak temperature is over 100 degrees C and the mucosal temperature is over 70 degrees C. At the depth of the tonsil, the temperature does not vary significantly. The peak temperature is at 1 mm. The radial temperature profile is not significantly altered by longer irradiation times. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal dosimetry parameters for irradiation of human tonsillar tissue at 805 nm with the MILTA technique is under 15 watts for approximately 1 minute.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1998

Common topics in pediatric otolaryngology.

This article outlines the perioperative and long-term management of children undergoing tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, tympanostomy with tube insertion, and sinus surgery. Indications for complications of each of the procedures is reviewed in this article. The authors also cover the management of children with tracheostomies. Several questions frequently asked by parents of children with a tracheostomy are addressed.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1998

Sinus surgery: does mitomycin C reduce stenosis?

This experimental study investigates the effect of mitomycin C (MMC) on sinus mucosal healing. MMC has an antiproliferative action on fibroblasts. It is used in glaucoma surgery to prevent restenosis of fistulas. Antrostomies were drilled in rabbit maxillary sinuses. One side was used as a control and the other treated with MMC at a concentration of 0.04, 0.4, or 1 mg/mL. Two animals from each group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, and 12 weeks. The antrostomies in the control and 0.04-mg/mL groups had closed by 1 week; in the 0.4-mg/mL group by 4 weeks, and in the 1.0-mg/mL group by 12 weeks. Ciliary function was initially impaired but normalized within 1 week. Both light and scanning electron microscopy showed no permanent damage to the cilia. These results suggest that MMC can be used to delay closure of antrostomies in sinus surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Endoscopic laryngotracheoplasty and graft soldering with the carbon dioxide laser. An animal study.

Laryngotracheoplasty (LTP) has had considerable success for treatment of selected cases of subglottic stenosis in children. However, certain complications have been associated with an open approach. Our study explores the possibility of decreasing these complications by means of a minimally traumatic endoscopic laser cricoid split and graft transplantation technique. In an in vivo study of six dogs, LTP was performed with a carbon dioxide laser. The gap between the divided cricoid cartilage was either left with no coverage or filled by autogenous mucosa or cartilage grafts through a laser-assisted soldering technique. Compared to LTP without coverage, autogenous grafts, with either mucosa or cartilage, resulted in improved healing. The cartilage graft seems to offer the best result for expansion of the subglottic space. The results show that the new intraluminal approach, a combination of an endoscopic cartilage split and graft transplantation, may be an alternative to standard LTP. The advantage of this technique is that it is less traumatic than the open procedure, with the potential for less morbidity.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Mucosal intact laser tonsillar ablation.

BACKGROUND: A laser technique has been developed in the laboratory using a noncontact 810-nm diode laser. RESULTS: Mucosal intact laser tonsillar ablation (MILTA) coagulates tonsillar lymphoid tissue while preserving the overlying mucosa. A canine model was used to evaluate this new method. The canine tonsils were exposed to laser energy for 5 to 6 minutes each at 8 to 10 W of power. This technique was compared with standard "cold" knife tonsillectomy. The dogs were observed carefully during the postoperative period. When comparing parameters such as onset of eating solid food, amount of food ingested per day, onset of normal activity, and degree of weight loss, MILTA showed significant benefit over the standard technique. The operative sites were evaluated and compared at 1.5 hours and at 7, 21, and 45 days after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: None of the tonsils treated by MILTA showed mucosal ulceration. At the end of 45 days, histopathological examination showed complete absence of tonsillar tissue with normal mucosa in both the MILTA and standard groups. Traditional tonsillectomy techniques are associated with moderate morbidity and the potential for serious hemorrhage. With the preservation of the overlying mucosa, the possible clinical advantages of this approach to tonsillectomy are the absence of bleeding, avoidance of general anesthesia in older patients, less operating time, and decreased postoperative morbidity. The potential for office treatment exists. Additional laboratory studies, as well as careful clinical trials, are indicated based on these encouraging results.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Development and assessment of a home care tracheotomy manual.

As home care tracheotomy has become a viable option for children with long-term canulation, medical personnel are challenged to provide as safe an environment as possible out of the hospital for these children. The tools used in the training of the families and other caregivers have received little attention in the literature. This study describes the development of a home-care tracheotomy manual for parents. The use of appropriate content presented in an organized, informative and pleasing fashion at the appropriate reading level is stressed. The evaluation of the manual by parents with children who have a child with a tracheotomy is also described.

Caregivers↗
PubMed1993

Burkitt's lymphoma of the parapharyngeal space.

Burkitt's lymphoma is quite rare outside of Africa. It is even more uncommon for this nonendemic form of the disease to present in the head and neck region. To our knowledge, nonendemic Burkitt's lymphoma has not been previously reported arising from the parapharyngeal space. We review the case of a 10-year-old boy who presented with an asymptomatic mass at the angle of the mandible several weeks after blunt trauma to that area. We discuss the evaluation of this mass, including the results of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, along with the findings of histopathologic and cytogenetic studies. We also discuss the differential diagnosis of parapharyngeal lesions, paying particular attention to the workup and management of Burkitt's lymphoma. Since Burkitt's lymphoma has the highest growth rate of any tumor in man, rapid diagnosis and immediate treatment are important and likely to improve outcome.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1993

The effects of preoperative steroids on tonsillectomy patients.

A prospective, randomized, double-blind study to determine the postoperative efficacy of steroids in tonsillectomy was performed in 49 children. A single dose of intravenous dexamethasone or placebo was administered after each child was anesthetized. Postoperatively each child was examined for objective signs of trismus (measured by interincisor distance), temperature elevation, and weight loss, as well as for subjective signs of mouth odor, oral intake, pain, level of activity, and analgesic usage. There were no statistical differences noted in any of the variables compared in the two groups and the complication rates were also similar.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1983

Cis-platinum.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital laryngeal anomalies associated with tracheal agenesis.

Forty-eight cases of tracheal agenesis have been reported to date. Previous authors have studied gross postmortem laryngeal specimens. Of 37 cases wherein laryngeal findings were mentioned, only 14 were reported to be abnormal. This report details two more cases of tracheal agenesis and includes a detailed histopathologic study of the laryngeal anomalies by serial horizontal section. Although one of these specimens appeared normal at autopsy, both were found to have several abnormalities when studied microscopically in horizontal section. Both have an elliptical cricoid cartilage, an abnormality originally discovered by one of us (G.F.T.) using the same technique.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗