Biomedical subjects

M Sadanaga

Publications and source records attributed to M Sadanaga.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1994

Effects of neural blockade and general anesthesia on the laser-Doppler skin blood flow waves recorded from the finger or toe.

Effects of neural blockade and general anesthesia on the basic wave (BW) and the reflex wave (RW) among the laser-Doppler (L-D) skin blood flow waves recorded on the finger or toe were studied in 2 volunteers and 42 patients. The BW was continuous, rhythmic and independent of respiratory movements. The RW, which was induced by a deep inspiration or a snapping sound, was a transient marked reduction in blood flow. The BW was almost flattened and the RW was no longer induced at the finger under complete wrist block (n = 2), or under cervical or upper thoracic epidural anesthesia extended caudally over T7 (n = 2). On the other hand, the BW was still detected with reducing frequency and the RW could be provoked with one exception at the finger on the side with a sympathetic ganglion block at the C6 vertebral level (n = 14). The BW and RW at the toe were retained under lumbar subdural anesthesia (n = 6) as well. However, under the combination of lumbar subdural anesthesia and lower thoracic epidural anesthesia extending rostrally over T4 (n = 6), both the BW and the RW disappeared at the toe. In the course of deepening nitrous oxide/enflurane anesthesia (n = 10), the BW gradually reduced in frequency until it was almost flattened, and it became difficult to provoke the RW. L-D flowmetry of the finger or toe could be a useful clinical measure for detecting the presence or absence of sympathetic function controlling cutaneous vasomotion.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Effects of systemic cooling and rewarming on the evoked spinal cord potentials and local spinal cord blood flow in dogs.

Changes in evoked spinal cord potential (ESCP) and in local spinal cord blood flow (local SCBF) were measured simultaneously in eight dogs in the course of systemic cooling and rewarming using a water mattress. PaCO2 was maintained at 35-40 mm Hg (temperature-uncorrected values) by adjusting ventilatory volume every 1 degree C change of esophageal temperature under N2O (60%)-O2-isoflurane (1.15%) anesthesia. Local SCBF and arterial blood pressure decreased and ESCP latencies increased linearly with the decrease in body temperature to 23-24 degrees C. The conductive ESCPs (non-synaptic components) showed temporary augmentation in amplitude before eventual decrease under cooling. These showed a tendency to return to the precooling baselines after the initiation of rewarming. These results demonstrate that conductive ESCPs could be available for intraoperative monitoring of spinal function under hypothermia down to 23-24 degrees C.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Fundamental patterns and characteristics of the laser-Doppler skin blood flow waves recorded from the finger or toe.

Three different components, Basic Wave (BW), Cardiac Wave (CW) and Reflex Wave (RW), among the laser-Doppler (L-D) skin blood flow waves on the finger- or toe-tip, were studied in 32 healthy volunteers. The cycle of the rhythmic BW was 8.1 +/- 1.7.min-1 and was independent of respiratory movements. The BW was synchronous with the baseline fluctuation in the digit-photoplethysmogram. Power spectral analysis of rhythmic fluctuations in the simultaneously recorded R-R interval on ECG, systolic blood pressure, and L-D skin blood flow disclosed that the BW was correspondent with the Mayer wave, i.e., low frequency component. The cycle of the CW was consistent with the heart rate and was superimposed on the BW. The RW was a transient marked reduction in blood flow, which was induced by a deep inspiration or various sensory stimuli. A sympathetic skin response on the palm and a venoconstrictive response on the occluded arm were observed concomitantly with the RW. Good synchronization was observed in each component of the L-D skin flow waves between the fingers and toes. These findings suggest that the BW and the RW on the finger- or toe-tip are predominantly driven by tonic and reflex phasic activities of descending sympathetic outflows via the supraspinal center, respectively.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Skin pretreatments for shortening onset of dermal patch anesthesia with 3% GA MHPh 2Na-10% lidocaine gel mixture.

Three types of skin pretreatments (stripping with adhesive tape, scrubbing with Skin-Pure jelly, and cleaning with benzine) were studied in 21 volunteers to determine whether the pretreatments could shorten the application period of transdermal 3% GA MHPh 2Na-10% lidocaine gel. Before application of the gel, each subject received skin pretreatment on the volar surface of one forearm. Then, the lidocaine gel soaked in a round sponge was applied on both the pretreated area of the forearm and the unpretreated contrast area of the other forearm. A pain score was obtained from each subject at 30, 45, 60, and 75 min after placement of the dermal patch by noting the number of painful pinpricks of five delivered. The mean pain scores on the pretreated side were significantly lower at 30, 45, and 60 min in the stripping study group and at 45 and 60 min in the cleaning study group, compared with the corresponding scores on the unpretreated side (P less than 0.05). Skin pretreatments, such as stripping and cleaning, are useful for shortening the onset of the dermal patch anesthesia.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed1992

[Studies of emergency cardiopulmonary bypass (ECPB) for cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation; (1) Introduction of a portable-percutaneous ECPB system].

The authors have developed an ECPB system, which can be applied quickly, safely and easily under an emergency condition requiring cardiac massage and artificial ventilation. Fundamentally, the ECPB system consists of 3 parts; a portable ECPB apparatus, a pair of percutaneous cannulae and a short circuit connecting an oxygenator with the cannulae. The ECPB apparatus is assembled with commercially available components (i.e., a centrifugal pump, a battery pack, a temperature controller, a compact membrane oxygenator with a heat exchanger, etc) and they are placed on a mobile cart. The circuit is primed with 300 ml of lactated Ringer solution. The priming can be done within 15 minutes via a reservoir. It is also possible to keep the primed circuit to be ready for emergency use at least for a week. The cannulae are placed intravascularly through the femoral artery and vein by using the Seldinger's percutaneous method. In an emergency situation, the arterial and venous cannulations are carried out separately on the both inguinal regions to save time. The tip of the venous cannula is adjusted to be placed near the right atrium under fluoroscopy. Initiation of ECPB via the femoro-femoral V-A cannulae assures instant and stable supply of oxygenated blood to all of the vital organs. At the present time, nothing is more important than a quick supply of oxygenated blood to the brain to ameliorate the post-ischemic brain damage.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗

PubMed1989

To-and-fro veno-venous extracorporeal lung assist for newborns with severe respiratory distress.

A veno-venous to-and-fro bypass method through a single blood access for extracorporeal lung assist with an artificial membrane lung is introduced. A premature newborn with severe respiratory distress was treated with this method. A 12 Fr. single lumen catheter with a spiral-embedded thin-wall, 0.25 mm in wall thickness, was placed in the right internal jugular vein. Venous blood was withdrawn and oxygenated blood returned alternately through the same catheter. Thus both carotid arteries and other large veins were kept intact. During the extracorporeal bypass, the patient was put on intermittent mandatory ventilation of 2 times/min for lung rest providing adequate arterial blood gases, and he survived.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗

PubMed1989

Clinical evaluation of vidian neurectomy for nasal allergy.

For the clinical evaluation of vidian neurectomy, questionnaires were sent to 250 cases operated on from 1971 to 1982, with answers obtained from 171. For sneezing, 56.8% of cases were evaluated markedly effective, 36.7% effective, 4.3% unchanged, and 2.2% aggravated. For rhinorrhea, markedly effective was 54.7%; effective, 39.4%; unchanged, 3.7%; aggravated, 2.2%. For nasal obstruction, markedly effective was 67.5%; effective, 27.4%; unchanged, 5.1%; and aggravated, 0%. On the other hand, 20% of cases complained of relapse of nasal allergic symptoms. Concerning the side effects, 28.7% of cases complained of cheek, upper lip, or palate numbness. Decrease of lacrimation was noted in 9.4% of cases. Several kinds of disturbances in the eye movement were observed in 4% of cases. Among them, 16 cases showed complete recovery within 24 h. In 3 cases, abducens paralysis continued for several months. Postoperative arterial bleeding occurred in one case. My recent strategy for the treatment of allergic rhinitis is conservative treatment at first, secondary nasal surgery such as septoplasty or turbinotomy, and at last vidian neurectomy if the patient agrees to be operated on after understanding the side effects.

Abducens Nerve↗

PubMed1988