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Biomedical subjects

M Sagiv

Publications and source records attributed to M Sagiv.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Comparison between end-systolic pressure-volume and end-systolic wall stress in determining left ventricular contractility with increased afterload.

This study compared end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (P/V) versus wall stress index (WS) as a tool for the evaluation of ventricular contractile state during upright isometric exercise. Both indices of contractility exhibit significant (p < 0.001) increase during exercise compared to resting values. The correlation coefficients for the two indices of contractility were r = -0.45 for exercise and r = -0.70 for rest. Both were significant at the p < 0.01 level. The correlation of the difference scores between rest and exercise as computed by both indices was low (-0.20) and insignificant. These data suggest that changes in contractility from rest to exercise as measured by one index do not reflect the pattern of individual differences that are measured by means of the other index. However, from a reliability point of view, it seems appropriate to prefer the use of P/V index over the WS index in order to determine contractile state.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effect of body position on the afterload response during sustained exercise.

Hemodynamic and cardiovascular responses were studied in 80 males (age: 30 +/- 2 years) at rest, and during separate three minute trials of upright and supine isometric deadlift exercise at 30% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). MVC did not differ significantly between supine and upright deadlift exercise. In comparison to values at rest, both forms of isometric exercise resulted in significant increases (p less than 0.05) in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, oxygen uptake, oxygen pulse and double product. In the upright exercise, the values obtained for all of the physiological variables were found to be significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than in the supine exercise. These findings indicate that the upright isometric deadlift produces a higher after-load than the supine maneuver, and that this response may be a good indicator of cardiovascular functioning.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of hemodynamic and left ventricular responses to increased after-load in healthy males and females.

Hemodynamic and left ventricular responses were studied echocardiographically in 20 males (31.5 +/- 4.5 yrs) and 20 females (30.4 +/- 4.3 yrs) at rest and during 3 min of isometric deadlift exercise at 30% of maximum voluntary contraction. Maximal tension exerted was significantly (P less than .001) lower in the female group (87.4 +/- 8.1 kg) compared with the male group (127.3 +/- 15 kg). Significant (P less than .001) increases in heart rate and contractility index were noted in both groups during exercise compared to the resting values. Mean arterial blood pressures were significantly (P less than .05) higher in the males at rest and during exercise. Ejection fraction and fractional shortening, both at rest and during exercise, differed significantly (P less than .05) between the two groups. It was raised by exercise only in the males (from 62 +/- 5% to 65 +/- 5% and 32 +/- 4% to 35 +/- 4%, respectively) but remained unchanged in the females. No significant changes in end diastolic dimension and stroke volume were observed in either group during exercise. End systolic dimension was significantly (P less than .001) lower during exercise in females and males (from 3.25 +/- .23 to 3.1 +/- .26 and 3.12 +/- .33 to 3.00 +/- .32 cm, respectively). These data indicate that hemodynamic and left ventricular function in normal male and female subjects were augmented during submaximal isometric exercise. However, females do so with lower after-load than males.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Smoking effect on exercise response kinetics of oxygen uptake and related variables.

The effects of smoking on the kinetics of oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), ventilation (Ve) and heart rate (HR) in the transition from rest to steady-state submaximal exercise was investigated in 6 female and 4 male smokers (32 +/- 8 yrs). The subjects underwent two counter-balanced treadmill tests at 60% of their maximal VO2, lasting 10 min each: one following a 24-hr smoking abstinence, and one immediately after smoking three cigarettes without prior abstinence. Physiological variables were measured at rest and every 30 sec throughout each test. The time required for a given variable to rise from its respective resting baseline to half of its steady-state value (t1/2) was calculated for VO2, VCO2, Ve and HR. Smoking abstinence was associated with t1/2 values of 32 +/- 8, 42 +/- 12, 43 +/- 10, and 30 +/- 9 sec for VO2, VCO2, Ve, and HR, respectively. Smoking significantly (p less than 0.01) lengthened those values to 51 +/- 12, 58 +/- 11, 54 +/- 8, and 41 +/- 10 sec. Concurrently, smoking raised the baseline (resting) values of HR (p less than 0.01) and of Ve, VCO2, O2 pulse (O2P), and both systolic and diastolic blood pressures (p less than 0.05). During steady-state exercise only HR values were elevated by smoking (p less than 0.01), while O2P values were lowered (p less than 0.05). These findings indicate that smoking considerably retards physiological responses to submaximal exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Exercise tolerance of end-stage renal disease patients.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the exercise tolerance of end-stage renal disease patients, and to examine pulmonary function and blood lactate as its possible limiting factors. Ten end-stage renal disease patients (age 30 +/- 11) were tested at rest and in a subsequent graded treadmill test to exhaustion. Velocity was 4.8 km/h and the grade was incremented by 2.5% every 4 min. One minute of rest, used for blood sampling, separated successive stages. Pulmonary functions (FVC, FEV1) at rest were both 76% of predicted. Resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and ventilatory equivalent values were higher than normal. At peak exercise, heart rate, oxygen uptake, oxygen pulse and blood lactic acid were lower than normally predicted for maximal exercise, while ventilatory equivalent and diastolic blood pressure were higher. Only six patients reached blood lactate levels beyond 4 mM.l-1 (onset of blood lactic acid), at which point they utilized 88 +/- 5% of their respective peak Vo2. The results suggest that the low exercise tolerance demonstrated in end-stage renal disease patients is not limited by the somewhat compromised pulmonary capacity or by excessive blood lactate levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Physiological responses to wrist weights during endurance cycling in normal subjects.

Cardiopulmonary and metabolic responses were studied in 12 healthy males aged 45 +/- 7 yr (mean +/- SD) during 25 min of cycling exercise with (WW) and without (NW) arm swing with wrist weights at 60% and 75% of their maximal heart rate reserve (MHRR). Cycling leg work was adjusted in order to produce a constant 60% and 75% of MHRR during WW and NW sessions. The results revealed that during both exercises the cardiopulmonary and hemodynamic responses were similar. However, during the NW sessions lactic acid (LA) levels were significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than those observed during WW sessions (3.2 +/- 0.9 and 5.4 +/- 1.5 mm.l-1, vs 2.9 +/- 0.9 and 3.8 +/- 1.3 mm.-1), as were ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) (13.2 +/- 1 and 14.4 +/- 0.6, vs 12.2 +/- 1 and 13.4 +/- 1.5). These data indicated a similar pattern of hemodynamic and respiratory responses to NW and WW cycling exercises, while LA and RPE were lower in WW cycling. It is therefore suggested that arm swing with wrist weights may be a beneficial mode of exercise, distributing the workload on a larger muscle mass while maintaining the target heart rate. Thus, it enables a lower reliance on anaerobic metabolism and a lower perceived exertion.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Comparative analysis of cardiopulmonary responses during dynamic exercise with wrist weights in the elderly versus young hypertensive responders.

Endurance exercise is usually prescribed with caution for hypertensive patients because of the possible adverse effects of increased blood pressure on cardiorespiratory function. Cardiopulmonary responses were studied in 11 young (37 +/- 4 years) and 10 elderly (65 +/- 4 years) male subjects during treadmill exercise with wrist weights (WW) and with no weights (NW) at constant 60% of their maximal heart rate for 8 min at each exercise condition. The results revealed that both groups had similar responses at rest. During maximal stress test, heart rate, oxygen consumption and minute ventilation were significantly (p less than 0.01) higher in the younger subjects. During 60% WW and NW exercises heart rate, oxygen consumption and minute ventilation were significantly (p less than 0.01) lower in the elderly than in the younger group. Diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures were significantly (p less than 0.01) higher in both groups during WW compared to NW exercise. However, minute ventilation and rate-perceived exertion were significantly (p less than 0.01) higher during NW compared to WW exercise. These measurements indicated a similar pattern of hemodynamics in younger and elderly hypertensive responders, with variable respiratory responses to endurance exercise. In addition, careful observation of blood pressure during exercise with WW is recommended for both groups where an increased afterload is contraindicated. We recommend the usage of controlled WW exercise for hypertensive responders of all age groups as part of their rehabilitative program.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Acid phosphatase activity in human semen.

Acid phosphatase activity was examined in normal and abnormal human semen of individuals not suffering from testosterone deficiency. No differences in enzymatic activity between the examined groups were observed. The presence of tartaric acid caused an inhibition of about 95% of enzymatic activity.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

High sperm densities and the quality of semen.

Thirty semens with sperm densities above 200 million per milliliter from patients with fertility disorders were examined for volume, motility, vitality, and morphology of spermatozoa, and for fructose content as well as for percentile decreases with time of activity and viability. In addition, blood levels of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and prolactin were estimated. Percentages of motility, vitality, and morphological normality, motility grades, and percentile decreases in both activity and viability were found to be comparable with those of oligospermic specimens. On the average, volume of semens were lower by about 30% than in normo- and oligospermia. 42% of the investigated semens had low fructose values (below 1 mg/ml). In about 60% of patients the prolactin levels were low (2-5 ng/ml). Follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone were either within normal range or slightly decreased. Despite the above abnormalities, the overall numbers of "normal" spermatozoa per ejaculate were not inferior to those usually present in normospermic specimens, suggesting that factors of presently unknown nature, involved in regulation of both proliferation and spermatogenesis, might be responsible for fertility disorders in these conditions.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone↗
PubMed1978

Multiple skeletal anomalies in the "13q-" syndrome.

A patient with the "13q-" syndrome is reported. The typical association of congenital malformations was found. Multiple and unusual skeletal anomalies included absent thumbs, club-feet, coxa vara, diastasis of the pubic symphisis and extensive spina bifida occulta. These appear to be part of the multiple system involvement due to the chromosomal deletion. Chromosome analysis is indicated in patients with multiple skeletal anomalies, especially if the thumbs and radial axis are involved.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1977

Prenatal diagnosis of Meckel syndrome: alpha-feto protein and beta-trace protein in amniotic fluid.

Meckel syndrome was diagnosed prenatally by alpha-feto protein and beta-trace protein determinations in amniotic fluid. No central nervous system anomalies were detected in the affected fetus, who presented with large polycystic kidneys and polydactyly. An excessive synthesis of these fetal proteins by the dysplastic kidneys is suggested, allowing for the possibility of prenatal diagnosis of polycystic kidneys in families at risk for this disease. The present family emphasized the importance of amniocentesis in pregnancies at risk for Meckel syndrome, regardless of the presence of a defect in neural tube closure.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1975

Patent ductus arteriosus in old age.

An unusual case of patient ductus arteriosus (PDA) in a 78-year-old man is presented. The patient was known to have PDA since the age of 30, but it had remained well compensated until shortly before death. He had undergone some difficult operations successfully, and had no specific pulmonary complaints. Death at age 78 was caused by arteriosclerotic heart disease following myocardial infarction. Autopsy revealed a smooth patent ductus arteriosus with no perforation. The survival of a PDA patient to such advanced age is a comparatively rare occurrence.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibition of sialyl transferase activity by gossypol acetic acid in human seminal plasma.

Seventeen aliquots of 15 microliters seminal plasma of human origin were incubated with 25 micrograms, 15 micrograms, 5 micrograms and 2.5 micrograms gossypol acetic acid (GAA), dissolved in BWW containing 0.9% sodium chloride and 0.9% benzyl alcohol, at 37 degrees C for 60 minutes. Following incubation, activity of sialyl transferase (S.T.) was determined by a procedure involving incorporation of radioactive sialic acid into asialofetuin. The activity of S.T., expressed as cpm per hour per 15 microliters seminal plasma was compared to controls consisting in incubation of sperm in BWW containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol and 0.9% sodium chloride. The activity of S.T. in controls represented 61.3 +/- 8.0%-67.7 +/- 8.9% of the activity obtained by incubation with BWW only. GAA was found to exert a dose-dependent inhibition of S.T. activity, ranging from 38.3 +/- 20.6% to 53.4 +/- 19.4% (with 25 micrograms) and from 11.3 +/- 14.8% to 21.9 +/- 14.8% (with 2.5 micrograms).

Gossypol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Low energy narrow band non-coherent infrared illumination of human semen and isolated sperm.

Sixty-two samples of human normal and abnormal semen and 23 samples of washed sperm were illuminated for 4 minutes with a narrow band non-coherent infrared device (BioBeam). Immediately after illumination the following parameters were examined in comparison with appropriate controls: motility, viability and morphology, fructose content of semen, acrosome reaction of sperm, viscosity of seminal plasma and analysis of the protein pattern. The mean value of motility grade calculated for the total number of 62 semen samples was 2.58 +/- 0.79 versus 2.17 +/- 0.75 (non illuminated controls), P less than 0.005. The mean value of motility grade of 23 samples of washed sperm was 2.89 +/- 0.77 versus 2.43 +/- 0.62, respectively (P less than 0.01). In two illuminated seminal plasma specimens, the viscosity was decreased by 8.8% and 14.8%, the protein content and pattern remained, however, unchanged. Neither the percentages of motile, viable and morphologically normal sperm, nor the fructose content of semen were found to be affected by the illumination.

Acrosome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Some characteristics of azoospermic human semen.

Of 260 volume measurements and 265 fructose determinations on 257 azoospermic semen samples, the volume was normal (1-6 mL) in 78%, low in 16.7%, and high in 5.2%. The percentage of azoospermic samples with low volume was greater than that found for samples containing sperm. Mean fructose concentrations were similar in high-volume and normovolemic azoospermic samples, but significantly lower in low-volume samples. There was no correlation between (a) the etiology of the azoospermia and abnormal semen volume or fructose concentration (save for cases of obstruction and/or atrophic seminal vesicles) or (b) semen volume, fructose concentration, and serum LH, FSH, testosterone, or prolactin.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Semen volume and fructose content of human semen. Survey of the years 1980-1989.

The communication presents percentages of semen with low (less than 1 ml) and high (greater than or equal to 6 ml) volume and of semen with decreased fructose content (less than 1 ml) in the total number of 8,128 human specimens analyzed during the years 1980-1989. Percentages of low volume specimens and of specimens with decreased fructose content were found to increase with time. High volume semen lacked such trend.

Adolescent↗