Biomedical subjects

M Sahin

Publications and source records attributed to M Sahin.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Location of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic and mu-opiate receptors in rat cerebral neocortex: evidence from thalamic and cortical lesions.

In vitro receptor binding techniques were used to identify the cellular location of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic and mu-opiate receptors in the fronto-parietal region of rat cerebral neocortex. Changes in the normal pattern of receptor binding of ligands for these 3 receptors were examined in a series of adjacent sections after unilateral thalamic fiber or cortical cell lesions. Thalamocortical fibers were destroyed by making either electrolytic lesions or kainic acid injections centered in the region of the thalamic ventrobasal complex. These lesions reduced cortical labeling of nicotinic ([3H]nicotine) and mu-opiate ([3H]DAGO) receptors while they did not affect cortical muscarinic ([3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate ([3H]QNB)) labeling. Intracortical injections of quinolinic acid (QA) were used to destroy cortical neurons and spare extrinsic fibers. Cortical QA lesions markedly reduced muscarinic and mu-opiate labeling, but had no significant effect on nicotinic binding at short survivals. Our results suggest that a subset of nicotinic receptors is located presynaptically on the specific thalamo-cortical fibers, while muscarinic receptors are located primarily on cortical neurons. Receptors of the mu-opiate type appear to be located both presynaptically on thalamo-cortical terminals and on intrinsic cortical neurons. The differences in the location of these receptor types suggest that each one modulates discrete aspects of cortical processing.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Diagnostic peritoneal lavage in blunt abdominal trauma.

A prospective study to determine the reliability of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in blunt abdominal trauma was carried on during the 11 year period January 1978 to February 1989. Abdominal injury was correctly diagnosed by peritoneal lavage in 1,275 of 1,305 patients (97.7%). In the present study the charts of these patients were reviewed. Of the 555 patients in whom peritoneal lavage was positive and who underwent laparotomy, only 396 patients had an intraabdominal injury that required operation according to our new criteria for the treatment of blunt abdominal trauma. Sixty of the 555 patients had minor injuries that were treated conservatively. The remainder had either little (n = 78) or no (n = 21) intra-abdominal damage except a small amount of free blood about 20 ml in the peritoneal cavity. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is accurate (97.7%) in detecting free blood in the abdominal cavity. On the other hand, it results in a high percentage of unnecessary laparotomies (28.6%). Patients with blunt abdominal trauma in whom peritoneal lavage shows the presence of blood should be investigated further to reduce the number of unnecessary laparotomies.

Abdominal Injuries↗

PubMed1990

Molecular identification of the Lugaro cell in the cat cerebellar cortex.

The cerebellar cortex contains five major classes of neurons that can be differentiated from one another on the basis of their location, size, shape, and, in some cases, molecular characteristics. The cerebellar cortex also contains other, less numerous neuronal types, including the Lugaro cell, which has been described on only a few occasions. The Lugaro cell is a relative rare cell type and is characterized by a fusiform cell body with thick, horizontally oriented dendrites. It is located in or slightly below the Purkinje cell layer. Because the Lugaro cell shares some morphological characteristics with the other large granular layer neurons, it often has been classified as a Golgi cell. In the present study we have taken advantage of differences in the molecular properties of neurons and have used monoclonal antibodies to identify and classify the Lugaro cell. Three large neuronal types in the cerebellar cortex were examined with cell-type-specific antibodies: Cat-301 and Cat-304 for Lugaro cells; Rat-303 for Golgi cells; and anti-calbindin for Purkinje cells. Double label immunocytochemistry on sections of the cat cerebellum was performed with subclass- or species-specific secondary antibodies. Each of the three antibodies was selective for one of the three large neuron classes. Cat-301 and Cat-304 recognized Lugaro cells but not Golgi or Purkinje cells. Our results demonstrate that the Lugaro cells are molecularly, as well as morphologically, distinct from Purkinje and Golgi cells and thus constitute a distinct cell type in the cerebellar cortex.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Sialolithiasis].

The calcified structures that form within the parenchymal tissues or the canal of the salivatory glands are called salivatory stones or sialolithiasis. They contain calcium phosphate, 74.3%; calcium carbonate 11.1%; soluble salt, 6.2%; organic elements, 2.2% and water. The stones are formed by the precipitation of calcified structures around a nucleus that is made of the foreign bodies in the gland, desquamated epithelial cells, degradation products of the bacteria or the bacteria itself. 83% of the salivatory stones is found in the submandibular gland, 10% of them belongs to the parotid and the sublingual gland comes up with 7%. Aside from the major salivatory glands, the minor ones also contain stones. The stones can be classified as anterior, posterior and intraglandular according to the position. The unilateral stones, usually, when reached to the considerable size, cause to partial or total obstruction of the canals. We examined the two cases that have stones localized within the canals of submandibular gland when we were unable to use the sialography technique because of the obstruction the ultrasoundography was our other choice we had direct measurements of the stones and the gland both. After the operation a chemical analysis showed that the stones include calcium and magnesium as cations and phosphate and carbonate as anions.

Humans↗

PubMed1989

[Serum and tissue silver levels after burns treated with silver compounds].

This study was performed in order to investigate serum and tissue silver levels in burns which were used 10 percent silver nitrate as a topical agent. We formed four groups of animals and pulverized 10 percent silver nitrate solution to the first group (GI) that included ten rabbits of which backs were burned by boiling water and silver sulphadiazine cream to second group (GII) with nine rabbits. We carried out 10 percent silver nitrate solution to the first control group (GIII) and silver sulphadiazine cream to the second control group (GIV) each of which had seven animals with unburned skin. We obtained blood samples from every animal before and after application of topical agent on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 15th, 21st and 28th. We determined serum and tissue silver levels by atomic absorption spectrophotometer in kidney and liver of the animals which were sacrificed on the 28th day. In first and second groups we found that serum silver values reached on 3rd day to the maximum level and then the values decreased gradually. We also determined that diminution of the serum silver levels were prominent following on 15th day. It was shown that there was no silver in the serum on 28th day except four animals. The silver deposition in the liver was much more than in the kidney. Between these two groups there was significant difference neither in the serum on the same days nor the tissue silver levels. According to these data it was concluded that serum and tissue silver levels with 10 percent silver nitrate used in burns produced no difference from that of 1 percent silver sulphadiazine cream.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1977

[The fungi causing superficial mycoses found in and around Ankara].

In this research the agents in the specimens taken from 400 patients whose diagnosis were superficial cutaneous infection were investigated. The specimens were collected from the Dermatology Clinics of Hacettepe Hospital and Numune Hospital. As a result of our experiments we isolated T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, E. floccosum, T. schoenleini, M. canis, T. violaceum, M. audouini, M. gypseum. It is also established that beside C. albicans, other Candida species are also the causes of cutaneous fungus infection.

Candida↗