Direction of reading of the genetic message.
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Asparagine↗
Biomedical subjects
M Salas
Publications and source records attributed to M Salas.
Two interconvertible forms of yeast phosphofructokinase with different sensitivity to endproduct inhibition.
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Adenine Nucleotides↗
Induced biosynthesis of liver glucokinase.
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Animals↗
Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: a radiological study of 12 cases and a review of the literature.
BACKGROUND: Twelve cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) are presented, and their radiologic appearance is described. METHODS: Four men and eight women, aged 31-82 years old, with XGC were reviewed. Abdominal ultrasound (US) was performed in all patients. Computed tomography (CT) was performed in five patients, barium enema examination in two, and percutaneously CT-guided fine-needle aspirative biopsy of the gallbladder in one. RESULTS: Barium enema examination showed an indentation of the hepatic flexure. Cholelithiasis was present in all patients, and sludge was present in six. The gallbladder wall was thickened in all patients, irregular in nine, and could not be properly differentiated from surrounding liver parenchyma or from other adjacent structures in most patients. A curvilinear halo, hypoechoic on US and with low attenuation on CT, within the gallbladder wall was found in three patients and pericholecystic fluid in two others. On CT, the pericholecystic fat had streaky soft tissue densities in three cases. Percutaneously CT-guided fine-needle aspirative biopsy of the gallbladder was nondiagnostic. The diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma was considered preoperatively in three patients. CONCLUSION: Despite the characteristic histologic appearance of XCG, radiologic findings are nonspecific, varying from signs observed in other forms of cholecystitis to the appearance of a gallbladder neoplasm.
Adipose Tissue↗
Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene coding for the protein linked to the ends of Bacillus subtilis phage phi 29 DNA.
A phi 29 DNA fragment containing gene 3, coding for the 5'-terminal protein, and several other early genes has been cloned in a pBR322 derivative plasmid (pKC30) under the control of the pL promoter of bacteriophage lambda. Four polypeptides of Mr 27000, 18500, 17500 and 12500 were labelled with [35S]methionine after heat induction, accounting for about 15% of the de novo synthesized protein. The Mr 27000 and 12500 proteins were characterized as p3, the 5'-terminal protein, and p4, involved in the control of late transcription, respectively. Protein p3 synthesized in Escherichia coli was active in the in vitro formation of the initiation complex p3-dAMP when supplemented with extracts from Bacillus subtilis infected with a sus3 mutant.
Bacillus subtilis↗
Cloning and expression of gene 2, required for the protein-primed initiation of the Bacillus subtilis phage phi 29 DNA replication.
A phi 29 DNA fragment containing gene 2, coding for a phi 29-specific DNA polymerase required for the formation of the terminal protein p3-dAMP initiation complex, the first step in phi 29 DNA replication, has been cloned in plasmid pPLc28 under the control of the pL promoter of bacteriophage lambda. Four polypeptides of Mr 68 000, 5800 and 3400 and less than 2000 were labelled with [35S]methionine after heat induction. The protein of Mr 68 000 had the size expected for protein p2 and it accounted for about 2% of the de novo synthesized protein. Protein p2 synthesized in Escherichia coli was shown to be stable and biologically active. Its enzymatic activity could be assayed by the in vitro formation of the protein p3-dAMP initiation complex when complemented with extracts from Bacillus subtilis infected with a phi 29sus2 mutant or with extracts from E. coli harbouring gene 3-containing recombinant plasmids. Moreover, protein p2-containing E. coli extracts could catalyze the initiation reaction in vitro when complemented with highly purified protein p3.
Bacillus subtilis↗
Behavioral effects of chronic toluene exposure in the developing rat.
The effects of acute and chronic toluene exposure on the hypnotic effect, the righting reflex latencies and the blood and tissue toluene contents were studied in rats during development. The data showed a progressive significant prolongation of the hypnotic effect latencies until the third and fourth postnatal weeks, followed by a significant continuous declining trend until the eighth week postpartum. The measure of the righting reflex latencies followed an opposite temporal course compared to that of hypnotic effect measurements. The acute and chronic toluene exposure did not reveal significant differences in toluene concentrations of blood, brain and liver tissues. The data suggest that chronic toluene treatment may probably be inducing behavioral manifestations of a tolerance phenomenon combined with maturational influences in the developing rat.
Age Factors↗
Transcription regulation in Bacillus subtilis phage phi 29.
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Bacillus subtilis↗
Manganese-dependent inhibition of human liver arginase by borate.
Full activation of human liver arginase (EC 3.5.3.1), by incubation with 5 mM Mn2+ for 10 min at 60 degrees C, resulted in increased Vmax and a higher sensitivity of the enzyme to borate inhibition, with no change in the K(m) for arginine. Borate behaved as an S-hyperbolic I-hyperbolic non-competitive inhibitor and had no effect on the interaction of the enzyme with the competitive inhibitors L-ornithine (Ki = 2 +/- 0.5 mM), L-lysine (Ki = 2.5 +/- 0.4 mM), and guanidinium chloride (Ki = 100 +/- 10 mM). The pH dependence of the inhibition was consistent with tetrahedral B(OH)4- being the inhibitor, rather than trigonal B(OH)3. We suggest that arginase activity is associated with a tightly bound Mn2+ whose catalytic action may be stimulated by addition of a more loosely bound Mn2+, to generate a fully activated enzyme form. The Mn2+ dependence and partial character of borate inhibition are explained by assuming that borate binds in close proximity to the loosely bound Mn2+ and interferes with its stimulatory action. Although borate protects against inactivation of the enzyme by diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC), the DEPC-sensitive residue is not considered as a ligand for borate binding, since chemically modified species, which retain about 10% of enzymatic activity, were also sensitive to the inhibitor.
Arginase↗
Impact of physical functioning of health status on hospitalizations, physician visits, and costs in diabetic patients.
BACKGROUND: The objective was to determine the impact of the physical functioning of diabetic patients on hospitalizations, physician visits, and costs using Medicare data. METHODS: A total of 12,863 people who completed the interview of the 1993 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) was studied. A diabetic patient was defined as a patient who answered this question positively: Are you diabetic? The final sample was made up of 10,517 non-diabetic patients and 2,003 diabetic patients. The Activity Daily Living (ADL) Scale of the MCBS was used to assess physical functioning. Hospitalizations, physician visits, and costs were obtained from the Medicare database. RESULTS: We found that diabetic patients had a worse perception of physical functioning than non-diabetic patients (ADL disability score 8.47 +/- 15 vs. 5.8 +/- 13). Patients with diabetes consume more resources and the costs associated with their medical care are higher than for non-diabetic patients (mean total reimbursement in 1993 for diabetics was 6,847 +/- 15,071 USD vs. 3,773 +/- 9,971 USD). Total costs were highly correlated with the ADL disability score (r = 0.75). CONCLUSIONS: Self-perception is highly correlated with the care cost of patients with diabetes.
Activities of Daily Living↗
Cutaneous wounds produced by capsaicin treatment of newborn rats are due to trophic disturbances.
The purpose of this study was to show that the occurrence of skin ulcers observed in animals neonatally treated with the neurotoxin capsaicin coincide with trophic disturbances. In addition, cutaneous lesions increased when self-grooming and scratching behaviors reached maturity. The temporal course of cephalic cutaneous wounds in neonatally capsaicin-treated rats was evaluated in animals wearing and not wearing plastic collars from postnatal day (P) 21 until P45. The collars were used to prevent self-grooming and scratching. Beginning on P21, capsaicin-treated rats under both conditions showed transient skin ulcers distributed throughout the head and neck regions. In the capsaicin-treated group without collars, lesions reached their greatest severity by P40, when self-grooming and scratching behaviors obtained adult characteristics. Furthermore, no lesions were detected after 25 days. In the capsaicin-treated rats that wore plastic collars, the widest distribution of skin lesions occurred on P55, after which time lesions vanished detection by 25 days. In this latter group, the cutaneous lesions were exacerbated when collars were removed. Data suggest that transient cutaneous wounds associated with neonatal capsaicin administration may be mediated via capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons that are involved in trophic and regenerating neural mechanisms.
Animals↗
Determinants of on-scene time in injured patients treated by physicians at the site.
INTRODUCTION: The controversy surrounding the use of advanced life support (ALS) for the pre-hospital management of trauma pivots on the fact that these procedures could cause significant and life-threatening delays to definitive in-hospital care. In Montreal, Québec, on-site ALS to injured patients is provided by physicians only. The purpose of this study was to identify parameters associated with the duration of scene time for patients with moderate to severe injuries treated by physicians at the scene. HYPOTHESIS: The use of on-site ALS by physicians is associated with a significant increase in scene time. METHODS: A total of 576 patients with moderate to severe injuries are included in the analysis. This group was part of a larger cohort used in the prospective evaluation of trauma care in Montreal. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, multiple linear regression, and multiple logistic regression techniques were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Use of ALS in general was associated with a statistically significant increase in the mean scene time of 6.5 min. (p = .0001). Significant increases in mean scene time were observed for initiation of an intravenous route (mean = 6.6 min., p = .0001), medication administration (mean = 5.7 min., p = .0001), and pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) application (mean = 9.3 min., p = .03). Similar differences were observed for total prehospital time. A significant increase in the relative odds for having long scene times (> 20 min.) also was associated with the use of ALS. This level of scene time was associated with a significant increase in the odds of dying (OR = 2.6, p = .009). CONCLUSION: This study shows that physician-provided, on-site ALS causes significant increase in scene time and total prehospital time. These delays are associated with an increase in the risk for death in patients with severe injuries.
Adult↗
[Estimations of the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Marabino children].
AIMS: This study reports the findings of research aimed at determining the rate of prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children of school age. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: The epidemiological study was conducted using a community sample extracted by means of multi stage stratified sampling according to socio economic level and schooling and consisted in 1,141 children of both sexes of school age from the city of Maracaibo. The revised Conners scales were used to collect data. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of ADHD was 7.19% and we also obtained 0.35% for the hyperactive type, 1.14% for the disattentional subtype, and 5.70% for the combined type. Contrary to what was expected, prevalence was higher for females. It was found that 7.45% of the general sample scored higher on the academic problems scales, whereas for the sample identified as having ADHD, academic problems were 50% and the comorbidity between ADHD and academic problems was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: The estimates for prevalence found in this study are consistent with those reported in the literature, which suggests that ADHD is a valid diagnosis for Marabino children.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
[Acute leukemia with cardiac infiltration].
A nine years old female child with malnutrition who showed, six months before admission, a number of clinical manifestations consistent with leukemia. The outstanding clinical manifestation during her hospital stay was that of pericarditis with effusion, which was found associated with pericardial leukemic infiltration. The final picture was that of cardiorespiratory failure associated, both to leukemic infiltration of these organs, as to that of postoperative hemorrhage.
Acute Disease↗
Nutrition and undernutrition in the valley of Mexico: possible transgenerational influences.
The dietary quality of several generations of inhabitants living in the Valley of Mexico City, was examined on the light of recent information obtained from experimental undernutrition studies. Socioeconomic status and environmental limitations were also considered. This essay proposes that some transgenerational effects described in animal models, such as the diminished brain and body weight, the low cerebral DNA content, the hypermotility and some learning disabilities could have equivalents in the chronically undernourished population of the Valley of Mexico City.
Diet↗
Effects of neonatal undernutrition on the electrocortical development of the association areas in the rat.
The electrocortical effects provoked by neonatal undernutrition and the environmental sensorial stimuli were studied in the cortical association areas of developing Wistar rats. When the interaction between these two factors was interfered (Experiment 1), the average frequency of the ECoG in the early starved rats was significantly increased than controls. Moreover, if these two factors were combined (Experiment 2) not significant differences in the ECoG average frequencies were observed. The data suggest that the maturation of cells underlying the ECoG in the association areas of the rat, requires not only an adequate supply of nutrients, but also the influence of sensory cues arising from the mother, littermates and the environmental surrounding.
Animals↗
[Endourologic treatment of tumors and pseudotumors of the upper excretory system].
Thirteen patients with a benign tumor or pseudotumor of the upper urinary tract underwent endourological treatment on 17 occasions. These patients were divided into two groups according to the anatomopathological findings. Five patients comprised group I. Mean patient age, 57.3 years. These patients had a tumor in the excretory cavity. Endoscopic work up revealed 3 papillary necroses, 1 inflammatory polyp, 1 Von Brun islet. One ureterorenoscopy (biopsy + laser) and four percutaneous (tumor resection) procedures were performed. Eight patients comprised group II. Mean patient age, 59 years. Six patients had pyelocaliceal tumors and two patients had ureteric tumors. Histologic analyses revealed a noninvasive low grade tumor on six occasions and two fibroepithelial polyps. Two ureteric tumors and 1 pelvic tumor were treated by retrograde ureterorenoscopy (2 resections and 1 Nd/Yag laser photocoagulation). Five patients were treated percutaneously (resection alone or combined with Nd/Yag laser). Four patients received local chemotherapy. Patient follow-up ranged from 1 to 3 years. Tumor recurrence was observed in 3 patients treated by percutaneous resection.
Aged↗
[Renal autotransplantation in the treatment of renovascular hypertension].
Surgery plays an important role in the treatment of renovascular Hypertension (RVHT). 123 RVHT carrier patients were treated by means of 101 single autotransplants (11 double autotransplants) and 34 autotransplants preceded by extracorporeal replacement of the branches of the renal artery (1 bilateral case). Taken all round, the patients improved either totally or partly (93.5%). In lesions involving multiple branches of the renal artery, replacement of these by a hypogastric autologous arterial transplant is regularly the only technique possible to save the kidney.
Adolescent↗