PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Saleem

Publications and source records attributed to M Saleem.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Prevalence of heterozygous beta-thalassemia in northern areas of Pakistan.

Five hundred apparently healthy adults from northern parts of Punjab and NWFP were screened for the prevalence of heterozygous beta-thalassemia. The trait was detected in all ethnic groups with an overall prevalence rate of 5.4% (27/500). Pathans had significantly (P less than 0.02) higher prevalence rate (7.96%) than Punjabis (3.26%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Results of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty as a palliative procedure in tetralogy of Fallot.

Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty was attempted in 67 patients with tetralogy of Fallot at a median age of 5 months (range 0.03 to 52 months) for relief of cyanosis. In three patients, the valve could not be crossed and an aortopulmonary shunt was performed. In 35 patients, follow-up angiography was performed 3 to 30 months (average 12) after valvuloplasty. In 24 of these 35 patients (group A), the stenosis had been adequately palliated by valvuloplasty; the other 11 patients (group B) had required an aortopulmonary shunt 1 month (range 0 to 3 months) after valvuloplasty. The two groups were similar (p greater than 0.1) with respect to age at valvuloplasty, pulmonary anulus diameter, ratio of pulmonary artery to descending aorta diameter before valvuloplasty and interval to follow-up angiography. In contrast to patients in group B, patients in group A had a significant immediate improvement in systemic arterial oxygen saturation (p less than 0.01) and a significant increase in pulmonary anulus diameter at follow-up angiography (p less than 0.001). The growth of the branch pulmonary arteries was similar (p greater than 0.1) in the two groups. Among 42 patients who have had surgical correction, a transannular patch for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction was used in 27 (64%); there was no difference between groups A and B with respect to its use. Eight patients died (three after repair) and death could not be directly attributed to valvuloplasty in any. Balloon valvuloplasty promotes growth of the pulmonary valve anulus and pulmonary arteries and is a useful alternative to an aortopulmonary shunt in patients with small pulmonary arteries or associated complex intracardiac defects.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1991

Alpha-thalassaemia: prevalence and pattern in northern Pakistan.

The level of Hb Bart's is directly related to the inheritance of alpha-thalassaemia gene. Hb electrophoresis for Hb Bart's in the cord blood is a very simple method of finding out the prevalence of alpha-thalassaemia gene in a given population. A study was, therefore, carried out to find out the prevalence of alpha-thalassaemia gene in the population of northern Pakistan by estimating the concentration of Hb Bart's in 500 cord blood samples during the period 1986-87 at AFIP Rawalpindi. Hb Bart's was detected in 12 neonates, thus indicating a rate of 2.4% of general population as carrier of alpha-thalassaemia gene. Two distinct groups were recognized. The first group was composed of 9 (75%) neonates, in which Hb Bart's levels varied between 2.0% to 3.5%, while the second group of 3 neonates (25%) showed a level of 5.8% to 6.3%. The former group was considered to be carrying alpha-thalassaemia-2 gene and the latter group as carrier of alpha-thalassaemia-1 gene. Neither Hb H disease nor Hb Bart's hydrops foetalis syndrome was detected in this series.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Design and cloning of a synthetic gene for the flounder antifreeze protein and its expression in plant cells.

A synthetic gene coding for the winter flounder antifreeze protein (AFP) has been constructed. A new strategy for the synthesis has been employed such that one strand of the duplex was chemically synthesized and the other was produced enzymatically by chain extension. The chemically synthesized blocks were constructed so that the second strand was self-priming. The resulting DNA fragment was incorporated into the vector, pGCS1, which contained a translational fusion of the sequence encoding AFP and the N terminus of cat (encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, CAT), under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. This plasmid was introduced into protoplasts of corn (var. Black Mexican Sweet) by electroporation. Production of the fusion peptide was monitored by CAT assay and Western blotting with antisera to AFP and CAT.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Chromosomal pattern in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Analysis of the chromosomal changes in various neoplasia is being increasingly carried out not only to evaluate its relationship with the prognosis and biological behaviour of the tumour but also for diagnostic purposes in some cases. Leukaemias are one such group of haematological malignancies which have been most extensively studied in this regard. Karyotypic analysis with Giemsa banding technique was carried out in 35 consecutive cases of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia. Eighteen cases were in children (less than 15 years age) and 17 cases were in adults. M.F. ratio was 1.8:1 FAB classification of these cases showed 31 cases of L1 type and 4 cases of L2 type including one case of T-ALL. Fifteen cases (43%) had no karyotypic abnormality, 6 cases (17%) showed pseudodiploidy, one case each having (-20 + 21), t (9:22), (+ 2-6), (-6 + 8), while two cases had 6 q-.13 cases (37%) showed hyperdiploidy with 6 cases showing trisomy 8 alone, one case (+ 8 + 21), one case trisomy 18, one case + 15(r), one case trisomy 21 plus t (9:22) and one case with trisomy 21 only. Two cases showed more complex abnormalities i.e. + 2 + 8, t (13:22) and -11 + MR + Min + Min. There was one (3%) case of hypodiploidy showing monosomy 6. The above findings are in agreement with studies carried out in other countries except t (13:22) which is rather a scarcely reported abnormality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Biopharmaceutical studies of 3-substituted isatin derivatives.

The metabolic fate of isatin hydrazone (Ia), isatin-3-thiosemicarbazone (Ib), isatin-3-semicarbazone (Ic), isatin-3-phenylhydrazone (Id), isatin oxime (Ie) and 3-hydroxy-3-acetonyl oxindole (II) was studied in rabbits. The compounds were administered orally in the dose of 300 mg/kg body wt. Isatin anthranilic acid, tryptophan and nicotinic acid were identified as the major metabolites excreted in urine. The 3-hydroxy-3-acetonyl oxindole (II) gave on additional metabolite, oxindole. The major metabolites were separated and identified unambiguously on thin layer silica gel plate. Metabolic pathways have been proposed to explain the biotransformation of the compounds investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Incidence of aflatoxin contamination in non-perishable food commodities.

To assess the incidence of aflatoxins contamination in different commodities, a representative countrywide study was conducted. One hundred composed samples of cereals, grains, spices, condiments and refined and raw sugars were analysed for aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2. The moisture contents of all the food samples were also invariably determined. Only 6% of the samples namely maize and red chillies were found to be contaminated with aflatoxin B1 and B2 respectively. The percentage of samples contaminated among maize was 41.6 and the level of aflatoxin B1 ranged between 11.12 micrograms/Kg to 82.33 micrograms/Kg. In red chillies contamination was 25% and the level of aflatoxin B2 was 41.67 micrograms/Kg.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMed1989

Visceral leishmaniasis: a seroepidemiological study of 289 children from endemic foci in Azad Jammu and Kashmir by indirect fluorescent antibody technique.

Between January '85 and August '87, 22 cases of VL were seen at National Institute of Health, Islamabad. Three (14.6%) came from the previously known endemic region of Gilgit, 15 (68.1%) from different localities in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K), and 4 (17.3%) from neighbouring foci in NWFP and Punjab. Mean age of the patients was 4.2 years, (Range, 10 months to 57 years) median 2.5 years and mode 2 years. High levels of Leishmania antibodies were detected by Indirect Immunofluorescent Antibody Technique (IFAT) in all cases. Leishmania were isolated from bone marrow aspirates of 2 patients and isoenzyme characterization performed in one of these, the organism was typed as Leishmania infantum sensu stricto. Sera from 289 children residing in 5 endemic localities in AJ&K was tested for Leishmania specific antibodies by IFAT and low levels of these antibodies were detected in 15.4% of the cases.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Isoniazid acetylation and polymorphism in humans.

Phenotypes of slow and fast acetylators of isoniazid (INH) were determined in 157 subjects (80 normals and 77 patients with tuberculosis) from the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Plasma INH concentrations were determined chemically six hours after the drug ingestion. The findings indicate that 31.8% subjects were fast acetylators of the drug.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1987

A mathematical model with young predation.

We generalize the model of [21] in which the author considered a predator-prey system with predators eating only the young ones (or eggs) of the prey species. The prime assumption of the present paper is that the birth rate (per unit individual per unit time) of predators depends not only on the current prey egg-level but also on all previous prey egg-levels. It is seen that under this assumption an otherwise stable system may be stable as well as unstable leading to the conclusion that young predation with time delay is less stable than without it. Finally for the model of [21] we prove a result which shows that large predation rates help in the co-existence of both predator and prey species.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

OKB7 recognizes antigen on T-cell malignancies.

This article describes the pattern of OKB7 positivity in 49 cases of lymphoid malignancies (31 ALL, 17 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 1 HCL). The authors have observed that it reacted with 4 out of 5 cases of T-ALL and 8 out of 17 cases of B-CLL. Incidentally all cases of OKB7+ T-ALL were also CALLA+. One case of HCL and 26 cases of non-T-ALL did not react with this antibody. The authors suggest that OKB7 is not specific for B-lineage and many cases of T-ALL may cross-react with it. However, it may be useful for identification of peculiar T-ALL phenotypes (T+, OKB7+, and CALLA+).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Convulsions caused by endrin poisoning in Pakistan.

From July through September 1984, acute convulsions caused by endrin poisoning occurred in the subdistrict of Talagang, Attock District, Punjab province, Pakistan. Eighteen of the 21 affected villages were surveyed; 70% of the cases for which ages were known (106 of 152) were in children 1 to 9 years of age; 9.8% of all affected persons (19 of 194) died. The outbreak occurred in villages on the main roads of the subdistrict and peaked in early September. Endrin was detected in the blood of 12 of 18 patients with a history of convulsions but was not found in the blood of four hospitalized control patients. One composite sugar sample taken from the homes of three persons had an endrin level of 0.04 ppm. Because of the high toxicity, repeated association with large-scale outbreaks of neurologic illness, and the difficulties of monitoring distribution, endrin should not be used for agricultural purposes.

Child↗