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Biomedical subjects

M Samek

Publications and source records attributed to M Samek.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Pain-relieving therapy for 57 patients with malignancies in the head and neck area].

From 1983 to 1988 57 patients with far advanced carcinomas of head and neck received pharmacological treatment of severe cancer pain according to the scheme recommended by the WHO. The evaluation of the collected data revealed that satisfactory pain control could be achieved by administration of oral analgetics. Total relief of pain was achieved in more than 35% of the days, significant relief in more than 50%. Side effects observed during therapy and co-medications are discussed.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1988

Refractive error and preferential looking visual acuity in infants 12-24 months of age: year 2 of a longitudinal study.

This paper presents data from year 2 of a study assessing changes in visual acuity and refractive error in normal, healthy infants between birth and 24 months of age. Visual acuity and refractive error measurements were taken at 2-month intervals on 18 infants, 12-24 months of age. The acuity card preferential looking procedure and Mohindra's near retinoscopy were used for acuity and refractive error measurement. Response to the Stereo Fly was also observed. Mean acuity improved from 6.4 cycles per degree (cpd) (20/93) at 12 months to 20.5 cpd (20/29) at 24 months (SD = 0.5 octave). Refractive error remained in low hyperopia (X = 0.4D, SD = 0.5D). Amount and frequency of astigmatism showed little change. Response to the Stereo Fly improved from 0% at 12 months to 87% at 24 months. The acuity card procedure was easily accomplished, but more difficult with these children at 12-24 months of age than when previously tested between 0-12 months of age.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1986

Visual acuity screening of infants and young children with the acuity card procedure.

A new acuity test for infants and young children between 1 and 36 months of age is described. The test was used to evaluate the acuities of 66 infants and young children during a one-day vision screening. At least one estimate of visual acuity was obtained from 63 of the 66 children. Fifty-two of the children completed two monocular acuity tests (or two monocular tests plus a binocular test). The average total test time for these 52 children was less than 15 minutes. Results indicate that the acuity card procedure can be used as a complement to standard optometric tests for large-scale screening of infants and young children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Refractive error and preferential looking visual acuity in human infants: a pilot study.

A clinical pilot study comparing refractive error and preferential looking (PL) visual acuity in infants 2 to 12 months of age is described. The PL visual acuity of 30 normal infants without significant visual disorders was assessed using the Acuity Card Procedure. Near retinoscopy was used to determine refractive error. Infants of this sample had monocular PL visual acuities similar to those established by McDonald et al. in a laboratory setting. Statistical analysis of the data for this sample of infants showed that refractive error did not change systematically from 2 to 12 months of age. We have found that results obtained with the Acuity Card Procedure in a clinical setting agree with infant visual acuity as described in the research literature. Refractive error did not correlate with changes in PL visual acuity in infants 2 to 12 months of age.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

[The effect of the temperature of a milk drink on physiological indicators in the blood of calves].

In a set of 11 young heifers-crossbreds in the period of milk nutrition the influence of the temperature of milk nutrition the influence of the temperature of milk drink was studied as exerted on haematological data (haemoglobin and haematocrit), on the values of nitrogen metabolism (total protein and urea), on the components of energy (glucose and cholesterol) and on alkaline blood reserve. In these values we did not record any statistically significant differences between the groups. The subnormal values were demonstrated for cholesterol which we regard as a response to the lower content of fat in milk replacers. Furthermore, the activity of ALT and AST enzymes was examined. A significantly lower ALT and AST activity was recorded in calves administered cold Lactosan. It indicates a possibility of feeding milk replacers at the temperature of stable environment. The heifer calves were to get used to cold drinks by means of Rehyvet, the pH-value of the drink being 4.6.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1980

[Testing of vitamin E in the newly developed Czechoslovak preparation Trivitamin].

Experiments were performed to test the newly developed Czechoslovak preparation Trivitamin, including the comparison of its effects at intubation onto the tongue root and at muscular implantation; these effects were compared with the i. m. administration of Axetocal. The levels of vitamin E in the blood of pigs were examined as influenced by the above treatments. The best utilization was obtained in the Trivitamin preparation given to the pigs intramuscularly. Peroral administration ranked second, whereas the lowest reaction was obtained from Axetocal at intramuscular administration. We hope that a good aqueous medium in which the vitamin is suspended in the main prerequisite for a high utilization rate of vitamin E is the model test with the Trivitamin preparation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Deposition and clearance of 14C-labelled cigarette smoke particles in Syrian hamster respiratory and digestive tract.

Eight week old male and female Syrian golden hamsters inhaled smoke of Dotriacontane-16, 17- 14C-labelled research cigarettes. The investigation consisted of 4 experiments and each experiment involved 4 groups of 10 animals each. Eighty of the animals (40 males: 40 females) were killed immediately after exposure to the 14C-labelled smoke of 30 cigarettes (10 uCi/cigarette) and the organs of the respiratory and digestive tract were measured for their 14C-activity. Non-acclimatized Syrian golden hamsters inhaled quantitatively more condensate/g organ weight than acclimatized animals. There was no difference between males and females. Nearly 50% of the retained 14C-activity was found in the digestive tract, half of the amount was in the forestomach. The distribution in the respiratory tract showed no difference between acclimatized and nonacclimatized animals. More than 75% of the measured activity in the total respiratory tract was found in the lung. The highest concentration was measured in the lobus dexter caudalis and lobus sinister. The clearance of the lung was slower in acclimatized hamsters than in non-acclimatized animals. When animals inhaled the smoke of labelled cigarettes for five days the clearance of the lung was slower in acclimatized hamsters than in non-acclimatized animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Blood picture of calves from primiparae kept under large-scale production conditions in the early postnatal period].

Twelve calves of the Red Spotted breed and its crossbreds born by first-calvers, kept in a large-capacity stable of a dairy farm, were subject to the study of the ontogenetic development of the values of the blood picture from birth up to the 10th day of age. The erythrocyte and leucocyte count, the packed cell volume and the relative and absolute number of neutrophils reached the significantly highest levels in calves before drinking the colostrum. The amount of haemoglobin, MCV and MCHC reached the highest values on the first day after birth. The values of the red blood picture decreased in the first week of life and reached the minimum on the tenth day. The leucocyte count decreased during the first to second day after birth, the decrease being due to a drop of the absolute number of neutrophils, and on the tenth day the leucocyte count returned to its initial value. Neutrophils prevailed in the peripheral blood of new-born calves whereas lymphocytes prevailed in the peripheral blood from the fourth day of life on. The amount of cosinophiles in the peripheral blood of the calves was about 0.5% up to the fourth day; on the seventh day it exceeded 1%. The relative number of monocytes was at its minimum level just after birth and showed a significant increase during the second to fourth day.

Animal Husbandry↗