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Biomedical subjects

M Satou

Publications and source records attributed to M Satou.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Effects of a high-fat diet on azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci and fecal biochemistry and microbial activity in rats.

To shed light on the association of dietary fat with the development of colon cancer, we studied the ability of azoxymethane (AOM) to induce aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and biochemical changes in rats fed high- or normal-fat diets. Six-week-old male Fischer 344 rats were placed on a high-fat [7% (wt/wt) soybean oil + 15% (wt/wt) beef tallow] or a normal-fat (7% soybean oil, AIN-93G) diet. Rats fed each of these diets were given two weekly subcutaneous injections of AOM (15 mg/kg body wt) or saline at seven and eight weeks of age. Fecal samples were obtained at 10 weeks of age, and animals were sacrificed for ACF scoring and analysis of cecal contents at 13 weeks of age. We observed greater numbers of ACF in the high- than in the low-fat group. Biochemically, rats fed the high-fat diet showed dramatically elevated fecal and cecal long-chain free fatty acid levels and intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity. These animals also showed increased cholesterol and decreased coprostanol levels. We did not detect significant differences in the fecal and cecal concentrations of total and soluble bile acids or total neutral sterols (cholesterol + coprostanol) between the two groups. Thus a high-fat diet does show certain striking effects on colon biochemistry in rats.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1997

[Actual status of the management of tuberculosis patients in a university hospital without isolation wards for infectious diseases].

We retrospectively evaluated clinical findings and the actual status of management of 69 tuberculosis patients admitted to the Fujita Health University Hospital, a hospital without isolation wards for infectious diseases, between 1991 and 1994. The largest age group was 60s (27.5%) followed by 70s (24.6%), 80s (15.9%) and 50s (13.0%). Eight patients (11.6%) were in the 20s. Forty-nine patients were smear-positive and 22 patients were smear-negative and culture-positive. Fourteen patients (20.3%) had a past history of pulmonary tuberculosis. Twelve patients (17.4%) also had diabetes mellitus, ten patients (14.5%) had cancer, ten patients (14.5%) gastric ulcer and five patients (7.2%) renal failure. Positive skin reaction to PPD was not found in eleven patients (15.9%) and seven of these patients were quite elderly (over 70 years old). Twenty-five cases (36.2%) were classified as type II (cavitary) and 29 cases (42.0%) as type III (non-cavitary) according to the GAKKAI classification of findings on chest X-ray films for pulmonary tuberculosis. Twenty-four patients (34.8%) were not diagnosed as tuberculosis on admission by physicians in charge. Physicians in charge tended not to suspect smear-negative patients of tuberculosis. Most of the patients with cavities on their chest X-ray films were strongly suspected of tuberculosis on admission, but in some of them, tuberculosis was not considered at all. Smear-positive patients with strongly suspected tuberculosis were diagnosed with the disease within three hospital days, while it took about three weeks in patients who were not considered as tuberculosis on admission to be diagnosed as tuberculosis. In the case of smear-negative patients, it took about one month and two months respectively to diagnose the case as tuberculosis. About half (51.1%) of the smear-positive patients were admitted and treated in single-bed rooms while 44.7% were attended in multiple-bed rooms for 11 days before they were transfered to single-bed rooms. When acid-fast bacilli were detected, 57.4% of the smear-positive patients were transfered to hospitals with isolation wards for infectious diseases, while the remaining smear-positive patients were treated in single-bed rooms at the university hospital. About one-third (31.7%) of the smear-negative patients had already left the hospital when specimens were found to be culture positive for tubercle bacilli. In conclusion, it is utmost important for physicians to suspect tuberculosis for the early diagnosis of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Lordosis-inhibiting effect of progesterone in female rats with lesions in septum, preoptic area, or dorsal raphe nucleus.

Radiofrequency lesions in the septum (SL), the preoptic area (POAL), or the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRL) were made in ovariectomized rats. In a control group of 16 females, ovariectomy, but no brain surgery, was performed. All animals except half of the control rats received injections of 5 mg progesterone (P) 1 h prior to the injection of 5 micrograms/kg b.w. of estradiol benzoate (EB). Instead of 5 mg P, oil was administered to half of the controls. Forty-four hours after EB, all females received 0.5 mg P. A sexual behavior test was performed 4 h after the last injection of P. The result was that oil-treated control rats showed high lordosis quotient (LQ) and soliciting behavior. In contrast, low scores of LQ and no soliciting behavior were observed in all of the 5 mg P-treated rats, even if the SL, POAL, or DRL was made. These results suggest that the septum, the preoptic area, and the dorsal raphe nucleus are not essential for the female sexual behavior-inhibiting mechanisms of progesterone.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

An improvement in the embryo quality and pregnancy rate by the pulsatile administration of human menopausal gonadotropin in patients with previous unsuccessful in vitro fertilization attempts.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the pulsatile administration of hMG improves IVF outcomes in patients with previous unsuccessful attempts using IM injections of hMG. DESIGN: A prospective randomized study. SETTING: In vitro fertilization program at a university hospital. PATIENTS: Eighty-eight endocrine-normal ovulatory women under 40 years of age, with normal male partners and a history of unsuccessful IVF treatment by the IM administration of hMG. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were assigned randomly to receive either IM (bolus group) or pulsatile administration of hMG (pulsatile group) after pituitary desensitization by a GnRH agonist. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The proportion of retrieved oocytes with a polar body, the number of fertilized oocytes and embryos, the proportion of morphologically superior embryos, and the rate of pregnancy per initiated cycle were compared. RESULTS: The proportion of retrieved oocytes with a polar body and the number of fertilized oocytes and embryos were similar in both groups. Significantly more embryos had superior morphology in the pulsatile group (77%) than the bolus group (52%). The rates of overall and clinical pregnancy per initiated cycle were significantly higher in the pulsatile group (39% and 30%, respectively, n = 44) than in the bolus group (18% and 11%, respectively, n = 44). CONCLUSION: In women with failed IVF attempts using IM administration of hMG, the pulsatile administration of hMG produces superior embryos and, hence, a higher pregnancy rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Inhibitory effect of progesterone on sexual receptivity in female rats: a temporal relationship to estrogen administration.

The inhibitory effect of progesterone (P) injected at various times on female sexual behavior was investigated in estradiol benzoate (EB) treated ovariectomized rats. Four behavioral tests were carried out at two-week intervals. All females received 5 micrograms/kg b.w. EB and 0.5 mg P 44 hr after the EB. In the P-control group, an additional 5 mg P was administered at the same time as the injection of EB in four tests. Instead of P, oil was given concurrently with EB in the Oil control group. In the experimental groups, female rats were treated with 5 mg P from 1 to 40 hr before (PB group) or after (PA group) the EB-injection. A sexual behavioral test was started 4 hr after 0.5 mg P. The results show that low levels of lordosis and soliciting behavior were observed in the P group, compared to the Oil-control group. In the PB groups, lordosis quotient (LQ) was low when P was given from 1 to 24 hr before EB. Moreover, animals in which P was given 27-40 hr before EB showed lower LQ than Oil-control animals, but higher LQ than rats in the P-control group. In the PA groups, when P was administered from 1 to 24 hr after EB, low levels of lordosis response were observed, whereas animals which received P 27-40 hr after EB showed a high score of LQ, being comparable to that in the Oil control. These results suggest that the period of 24 hr before and after EB injection is a critical period for inhibitory action of P on female sexual behavior in female rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Production of free bile acids by bacterial deconjugation from conjugated bile acids derived from peptone in a medium].

In the course of studies of in vitro bile acid transformation by lactic acid bacteria, we noticed that the medium used contained conjugated bile acids. HPLC analysis of the medium for each component indicated that these bile acids had originated from a peptone (Bacto Peptone, Difco). The concentration of these bile acids in a medium containing 2% Bacto Peptone was greater than 200 microM, higher than the concentration of bile acids usually added in in vitro bile acid transformation studies. Therefore, in such studies, it would be necessary to distinguish between the production of free secondary bile acids by bacterial deconjugation and that by 7 alpha-dehydroxylation. Since bile acids affect not only bacterial growth but also many metabolic activities, particular attention should be given to the use of Bacto Peptone in the medium.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1996

Cerebral radiation necrosis with accumulation of thallium 201 on single-photon emission CT.

A patient who had previously undergone resection of a malignant glioma followed by radiation therapy was found to have a focus of a high accumulation of thallous chloride Tl 201 on single-photon emission CT scans, suggesting recurrent tumor. Resection of this area was performed and the specimen showed radiation necrosis, including such reactive changes as reactive astrocytes and lymphocytes in the necrotic tissue. This case illustrates a diagnostic pitfall in the use of 201Tl single-photon emission CT for distinguishing radiation necrosis from recurrent tumor in patients treated for malignant glioma.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

Correlation of histopathological factor of brain tumor and high thallium-201 uptake in single photon emission computed tomography.

This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between several histological features and the degree of TI-201 uptake in brain tumors. T1-201 SPECT was performed on 52 patients with intracranial lesions. Histological examinations were carried out to determine the gradation of tumor cell density, vascularization, small-cell density, and matrix loosening, and the presence of necrosis, atypia, mitoses, and endothelial proliferation. The histological findings were classified into three categories. While the early uptake of T1-201 depended on the degree of necrosis of glial tumor, the delayed T1-201 uptake was closely related to the degree of necrosis, tumor cell density, and small-cell density, and may thus be of value for estimating the viability and degree of malignancy of glial tumors. In the non-glial tumors, the early and delayed T1-201 uptakes were closely related to all histological parameters, with the increase of necrosis and vascularization in the tumor tissue being particularly closely related to high uptake levels.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1996

[Foramen magnum meningioma of ventral type].

We reviewed the clinical findings and the surgical results of five cases of patients with foramen magnum meningioma of ventral type who underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tumor removal by the posterolateral approach. Patients showed a variety of neurological symptoms and signs including dysesthesia of extremities, but the neurological diagnosis could not determine the dominant side of the tumor. MRI determined the dominant side of the tumor and this side was chosen as the side of the surgical approach. By MRI findings of the extent of the tumor in the posterior fossa and the spinal canal, patients were classified into three cases of craniospinal type and two cases of spinocranial type. The result of tumor removal by the posterolateral approach was a total removal in the two cases of spinocranial type and a "near-total" removal in the three cases of craniospinal type. There was no surgical mortality and the surgical morbidity was negligible. The foramen magnum meningioma of ventral type, especially of the spinocranial type, can be managed safely and satisfactorily by the posterolateral approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Study on the primary visual cortex of visually impaired subjects by means of 123I-IMP SPECT and MRI.

We conducted a study of rCBF in the primary visual cortex of visually impaired subjects who have not been subjected to external stimulation for a long period, by means of 123I-IMP SPECT and MRI. The four subjects had lost their sight due to brain tumors (n = 2), glaucoma (n = 1) and trauma (n = 1). 123I-IMP SPECT showed no differences between the visually impaired group and a visually sound control group on visual analysis as well as semiquantitative analysis. MRI of the visually impaired subjects showed no organic changes, such as atrophy, in the occipital cortex. In conclusion, visually impaired subjects have no decrease in rCBF and no anatomical changes in the primary visual cortex.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Administration of human chorionic gonadotropin for in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer based on the serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentration: the importance of synchronization with endogenous LH rises.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether synchronized administration of hCG at the onset of the endogenous LH rise promotes successful IVF. DESIGN: A prospective randomized study. SETTING: In vitro fertilization program at a university hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 208 IVF cycles in 148 patients. INTERVENTIONS: Serum LH concentrations were measured daily and hMG was administered daily. Independent of follicle size and E2 concentration, hCG was administered as soon as the LH concentration exceeded the J level, defined as the minimum value + (the day 3 value-the minimum value) x 1/3(J group). Alternatively, hCG was administered when the serum LH concentration turned to increase but was still less than the J level, or 1 day after the serum LH concentration exceeded the J level (non-J group). RESULTS: The rates of total and ongoing pregnancy per cycle were significantly higher in the J group (35.6% and 26.0%, respectively, n = 104) than in the non-J group (21.2% and 12.5%, respectively, n = 104). Pregnancies in the J group were achieved over a wide range of dominant follicle diameters (13 to 25 mm), E2 levels (198 to 1,700 pg/mL; conversion factor to SI units, 3.671), and E2 level per follicle > or = 12 mm (24 to 225 pg/mL per follicle) recorded on the day of hCG administration. CONCLUSION: Synchronized administration of hCG in accordance with endogenous LH rises produces a high rate of pregnancy in IVF.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Early diagnosis of small intestine rupture from blunt abdominal trauma using computed tomography: significance of the streaky density within the mesentery.

Enhanced computed tomography (CT) was done in 430 patients within 3 hours after blunt abdominal trauma. Thirteen patients were found to have ruptures of the small intestine. Nine of them had "the streaky density within the mesentery" and the position was identified by tracing the alimentary tract on each CT slice. The sensitivity and specificity of this sign was 69 and 100% respectively. The sensitivity for diagnosis of small intestinal rupture by the presence of this sign and/or free air was 85%. This was significantly higher than that of free air alone (p < 0.05). Eight patients had a rupture on a mesenteric site. Histopathological findings of the area with this sign included bleeding and cellular infiltration along the mesenteric vasculature. This appearance may be related to direct injury and chemical irritation of the mesentery caused by intestinal rupture. The streaky density appears to be a significant finding for small intestinal rupture.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1995

[Effects of the maturity of human oocytes on fertilization and embryonic development: application of oocyte maturation in medium containing follicle-stimulating hormone].

A total of 2,145 oocytes from 355 IVF cycles were classified as overmature (O), mature (M), transitional (T), immature (I) and abnormal (A) according to the morphology of the corona radiata. The rates of fertilization (%F) and embryonic development (%D) per oocyte were the highest in the M group, and decreased significantly with the decreasing maturity of the oocytes (T and I) and were the lowest in the A group. Decreases in %F and %D were also observed in the O group. %F and %D were significantly higher in oocytes with a polar body (PB) than without a PB. Mature oocytes classified according to the morphology of the corona radiata had significantly higher %F and %D than those classified according to the morphology of the cumulus oophorus. %F and %D were increased when T-oocytes without a PB and I-oocytes were matured in vitro for 18-24 hours in medium supplemented with FSH. A normal female baby was delivered, following IVF-ET of two T-oocytes matured in vitro with FSH.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A fundamental study on accumulation of [125I]IBZM in the rat striatum and on effect of non-labeled ligand].

Iodo-125-labeled iodobenzamide ([125I]IBZM) is used as a specific binding radioligand to dopamine D2 receptors with high affinity and selectivity. The radioligand was homogenously distributed in the whole brain initially after administration, and rapidly washed out from the dopamine receptor-poor area followed by persistent retention in the striatum. Regression curve generated from striatum/cortex PSL ratio indicated the constant washout rate from striatum and cortex respectively. In the pretreated rat by cold benzamide (2 mg/kg), the accumulation of the radioligand was significantly suppressed in the striatum (48.8%). Iodine-125-labeled iodo-benzamide has the promise for investigation of dopamine D2 receptors in the living brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A novel method of ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization (bromocriptine-rebound method) increases developmental potential of oocytes and pregnancy rate].

A novel method of ovarian stimulation for IVF is reported. Endocrine-normal ovulatory women with a history of unsuccessful IVF attempts by means of a long protocol of a GnRH agonist/hMG regimen (L regimen) were studied. Ovaries were stimulated by the three regimens described below. The bromocriptine-rebound (BR) regimen consisted of bromocriptine (B) 2.5mg/day administered daily beginning on day 4 of the preceding cycle and buserelin acetate administered beginning in early high phase. Administration of B was discontinued in the low phase of the IVF cycle and daily administration of hMG was begun 7 days later. HCG was administered when dominant follicles reached 16-18 mm in diameter. The bromocriptine-continuous (BC) regimen was the same as the BR regimen, except that B was administered until the administration of hCG. The L regimen was the same as the BR regimen, except that no B was administered. The pregnancy rate per oocyte retrieval was significantly higher on the BR regimen (56% in 70 cycles) than the L regimen (33% in 46 cycles), and lowest on the BC regimen (29% in 7 cycles). The rate of fertilization and cleavage per oocyte and the proportion of morphologically-good embryos were significantly higher on the BR regimen (59.1% and 57.3%, respectively) than the L regimen (46.3% and 48.0%, respectively), and lowest on the BC regimen (49.0% and 41.7%, respectively). Serum PRL concentrations (ng/ml) at the time hMG was started were 14.9 +/- 1.5, 7.9 +/- 1.7 and 2.5 +/- 0.7 on the BR, L and BC regimens, respectively. The results of this study show that the BR regimen increases the developmental potential of oocytes and the pregnancy rate, probably because of increasing serum PRL levels to within the normal range.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Cerebral diplopia and triplopia--a proposal for responsible lesion and mechanism].

We reported 2 cases of multiple images of cerebral origin. Case 1 was a 26-year-old right-handed woman, who showed a defect in the peripheral part of right visual field, with photopsia in the defective field, and cerebral diplopia within the perimetry-determined preserved part of the right hemifield. This was associated with a small infarction in the deep and anterior part of the area 17. The phenomenon was well-illustrated by her own detailed drawing. Case 2 was a 67-year-old right-handed man, who, following a hypoxic accident, developed monocular triplopia. MRI revealed laminar necrosis in the areas 18 and 19 bilaterally. Triplopia was reproducible when he fixed his attention upon the circumscribed afterimage given by a strobo-flash. This would serve as counterevidence against the Bender's hypothesis that this phenomenon was caused by the pseudofovea. In both cases, multiple images occurred only to objects upon which they fixed their gaze, only in the specific sector of the visual field. Both experienced diplopia and triplopia only after a few seconds of fixation. When they turned away the gaze, the extraimages disappeared. We proposed a new hypothesis for this phenomenon, i.e., it is caused by the impaired lateral inhibition, selective to the magnocellular system in the area 17 or other early visual cortices.

Adult↗