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Biomedical subjects

M Scheller

Publications and source records attributed to M Scheller.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The detection of codeine abuse by hair analysis].

For the purpose of assessing possible opiate dependence (question of culpability) toxicological tests (gas chromatography; mass-spectrometry) were performed on cuttings of hair of a 30-year-old man who had within a short period committed several punishable offences 8 months previously. It was thus possible to determine opiate intake over a period of time corresponding to the length of hair. About 20 micrograms/g codeine and up to 4 micrograms/g morphine were demonstrated, in addition also 30 micrograms/g bromazepam. These results proved that amounts exceeding therapeutic levels of bromazepam and codeine-containing drugs had been taken during the period in question.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Diseases of stomach mucosa in the history of alcoholic traffic violators in street traffic].

425 drunken drivers were examined for their driving sentability. The amount of persons with known diseases of digestion (or gastro-enteritis) among the drivers were higher than the average among the normal population. The patients with ulcus and gastritis showed higher nervosity, depression and emotional instability during the medical examination. In addition they showed a higher degree of openness and a tendency to lower blood alcohol concentrations at previous drunken driving. While judging their sentability (for driving) no differences could be made among persons with and without gastro-enteritis.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endocytosis of integrin alpha 5 beta 1 (fibronectin receptor) of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro: an immunoelectron microscopic study.

Localization and dynamic aspects of fibronectin receptor (alpha 5 beta 1 integrin) were investigated by immunoelectron microscopy on freshly isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages and after cultivation in vitro. This receptor has only been characterized biochemically. Identity of macrophages was proved by binding of the antibody against the F4/80 specific macrophage marker. Demonstration of fibronectin receptor and mouse macrophage marker on the plasma membrane revealed that these glycoproteins were rapidly endocytosed within the first minutes after isolation. Endocytotic uptake of these glycoproteins was demonstrated by double immunolabeling and secondary labeling with gold particles of different size. Label was found in endocytotic and lysosome-like vesicles, but not in coated vesicles. During further cultivation the macrophage marker reappeared again on the plasma membrane after 3 hr, but the fibronectin receptor was not demonstrable. Treatment with cytochalasin B in culture and incubation at 4 degrees C resulted in strongly labeled plasma membrane and inhibition of internalization. In contrast to macrophages, alpha 5 beta 1 integrin was demonstrable on marmoset skin fibroblasts even after 3 days in culture. In this cell type, endocytotic uptake was solely detectable in coated vesicles. These results suggest a high endocytotic activity of macrophages after isolation leading to a rapid disappearance of both glycoproteins, whereby, in contrast to the fibronectin receptor, only the macrophage marker is recycled again. These data indicate a change in plasma membrane (receptor content) after isolation and cultivation of macrophages and cell-specific differences in vitro.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytogenetic characterization of a fibroma and three haemangiopericytomas in domestic dogs.

Cytogenetic evaluation of tumour cells taken from an 11-year-old mixed breed birth with a fibroma, showed trisomy 1 (2n = 79) and often the presence of a third copy of chromosome 4. In a 13-year-old mixed breed Boxer bitch with a haemangiopericytoma, trisomy 9 (2n = 79) was present. In contrast, another haemangiopericytoma (in a 15-year-old rough-haired Dachshund bitch) showed a deleted chromosome 1, several centric fusions and trisomy 2. Trisomy 2 and trisomy 29 were detected in a third haemangiopericytoma from an 11-year-old rough-haired Dachshund bitch.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hospital admissions for malaria in Basel, Switzerland: an epidemiological review of 150 cases.

The increase in international travel and immigration from tropical countries has led to a growing number of imported malaria cases in industrialized countries. We analyzed the charts of every patient hospitalized for malaria from 1970-1992 in Basel, Switzerland. A period lasting from 1970-1986 was compared to 1987-1992. There were 150 malaria-episodes recorded. Over time, the number of immigrants increased from 12 to 27% (p <.05). More patients were admitted with Plasmodium falciparum-infection (49 vs. 75%, p <.005). The number of untypable malaria decreased from 30 to 9% (p <.005). In the more recent period, more diagnosis were done within a week (66 vs. 50%, p <.05). Twenty-three (15%) patients were admitted to the ICU, four (2. 6%) patients died of cerebral malaria. Twenty-seven (18%) patients developed malaria while taking correct prophylaxis. Despite some progress, malaria is still causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Non adherence to chemoprophylaxis was a major risk factor for acquiring malaria in hospitalized patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fatal child abuse (caused by physical violence) in Germany during 1 January 1985 to 2 October 1990. Results of a multicenter study].

UNLABELLED: No reliable data are available on cases of lethal child abuse (by active force) in the area of Federal Republic of Germany prior to reunification (the former West Germany). In a multicenter study we therefore examined the police and court records for such cases occurring in the period 1 January 1985 to 2 October 1990 in nearly the entire area of Federal Republic of Germany. RESULTS: The study center received information on 58 cases of lethal child abuse. Extrapolated to all institutes of legal medicine, this corresponds to 62 cases in all of West Germany in the period studied. An approximately equal number of unreported cases should be added to this figure. Including unreported cases, at least 20 cases of lethal child abuse occurred per year; thus only one in every two cases ever came to light. Almost two thirds of the victims were younger than one year old. At autopsy 59% exhibited signs of repeated abuse at autopsy. By far the most common cause of death was direct impact from a blunt object, usually to the head. Mostly, the male person to whom the victim relates most closely (father, stepfather, partner of the mother) has killed the child. Twenty-one of the 74 persons charged saw the charges against them dropped or were acquitted due to lack of evidence; 51 received sentences ranging from one year probation to life. In the remaining two cases the outcome of the trial was unknown. Signs of abuse were readily apparent at autopsy in almost all cases. The high number of unreported cases underscores the need to educate medical students and practicing physicians to be on the look-out for signs of abuse and argues for an increase in the rate of autopsy.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fatal child neglect in West Germany 1 January 1985 to 2 October 1990. Results of a multicenter study].

UNLABELLED: Up to now reliable data were available on cases of lethal child neglect in the area of the Federal Republic of Germany prior to reunification (the former West Germany). In a multicenter study we therefore examined the police and court records for such cases occurring in the period from 1 January 1985 to 2 October 1990 in nearly the entire area of Federal Republic of Germany. RESULTS: The study center received information on 19 cases of lethal child neglect. Extrapolated to all institutes of legal medicine, this corresponds to 20 cases and thus 3.5 cases a year in the whole of West Germany in the period studied. There is to be added a dark-field which cannot be limited more precisely. However, the cases of fatal child neglect might have occurred much more seldom than fatal child abuse caused by use of physical violence. Slightly more than half the victims were younger than 1 year, the oldest one was 7 10/12 years old. Most frequently the children died of starvation and thirst. Mostly the mothers/nursing mothers killed the child alone or together with the victim's father/stepfather. In the majority of the cases there was not a close affection between parents and child. Nearly 30% female/male perpetrators suffered from chronic alcohol abuse. Only 15 (= 56%) of 27 female/male perpetrators were sentenced to imprisonment (period between 7 months on probation and 10 years). Mitigation circumstances existed for nearly half the persons sentenced to imprisonment. It is true that child neglect is a rarer crime, but the experts of legal medicine always have to indicate errors made during the external inspection of the corpse (among others failures to see indications of neglect).

Cause of Death↗