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M Scheurlen

Publications and source records attributed to M Scheurlen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

The pancreatitis-associated protein in hereditary and chronic alcoholic pancreatitis.

The pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) was investigated in patients with hereditary and chronic alcoholic pancreatitis. Blood levels of pancreatic enzymes and PAP were measured in nine families with hereditary pancreatitis; in three of them, the mutation N21I, and in six, the R117H variant of the cationic trypsinogen were present. In all family members, similar to controls, only normal values of the PAP were found. There was no evidence for polymorphism of the PAP gene in patients with hereditary or alcoholic pancreatitis. Immunohistochemically PAP was detected in the apical parts of the acinar cells but not in ducts, interstitial tissue, islets, or blood vessels. Intensity of PAP labeling was directly related to the deterioration of the acinar units, and its concentration was inversely related to chymotrypsinogen immunoreactivity in the same tissue. Similar immunohistochemical findings were present in chronic alcoholic and hereditary pancreatitis. We conclude that there is a lack of PAP polymorphism in hereditary and alcoholic pancreatitis and that expression of the PAP in both groups of patients is related to the degree of cellular damage of the pancreas.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1998

Reconstitution of squamous epithelium in Barrett's oesophagus with endoscopic argon plasma coagulation: a prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Barrett's oesophagus is a premalignant condition. Recent reports have suggested that laser coagulation or photodynamic therapy combined with acid suppression may induce reconstitution of squamous mucosa. However, a high percentage of residual glands remain in cases treated with both techniques. Argon plasma coagulation (APC) appears to be an attractive alternative to other thermoablative techniques. The aim of this study was to investigate the reconstitution of squamous epithelium in Barrett's oesophagus after APC. METHODS: Fifteen patients with histologically proven Barrett's oesophagus were included in a prospective study. After base-line documentation by videotaping and biopsies, Barrett's epithelium was treated by repeated APC at intervals of 4-6 weeks until complete squamous restoration was achieved. All patients were kept under high-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy. RESULTS: In 13 patients complete reconstitution of squamous epithelium was achieved. Buried glands after squamous restoration were detected transiently in only one case after the first session. As side effects seven patients had mild retrosternal discomfort. One patient reported severe retrosternal pain for 1 week. He then refused further APC sessions. Another patient was excluded because of noncompliance. During the follow-up period (6-13 months) recurrence of Barrett's epithelium was observed in one patient. CONCLUSIONS: APC is a suitable technique for achieving squamous restoration in Barrett's oesophagus. The rare occurrence of remaining buried glands may result from the homogeneous coagulation achieved by the ionized argon gas beam.

Barrett Esophagus↗
PubMed1998

Expression pattern of gastrointestinal selenoproteins--targets for selenium supplementation.

There is experimental and epidemiological evidence for an association between low selenium levels and gastrointestinal cancer incidence, prevalence, and mortality. To identify targets for selenium supplementation in the human digestive tract, we examined mRNA expression of various selenocysteine-containing proteins in normal mucosa biopsy specimens. Tissue samples from the esophagus and from different sites of the stomach, small bowel, and colon were obtained during endoscopies of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Northern blot analyses revealed a lack of cytosolic glutathione peroxidase mRNA but a differential mRNA expression pattern of gastrointestinal and plasma glutathione peroxidase, selenoprotein P, and thioredoxin reductase. Glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase activities were detected in the mucosa of all biopsies, but the differential pattern did not reflect the differential mRNA steady-state levels. In addition to gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase, which was found to play a role in colon cancer resistance, we identified further gastrointestinal selenoproteins, which may be involved in gastrointestinal cell defense and cell differentiation.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1997

Primary biliary cirrhosis and gastric carcinoid: a rare association?

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is frequently associated with other autoimmune disorders. Although antibodies against gastric parietal cells are found in nearly all PBC patients, autoimmune gastritis is only very rarely associated. We describe a woman with PBC in whom chronic autoimmune gastritis complicated by a large pedunculated gastric carcinoid tumor was found. Additionally, the patient had autoimmune thyroiditis. This was interpreted as the rare association of PBC with Schmidt's syndrome type III. The carcinoid tumor was removed endoscopically. We conclude from the case that an endoscopic screening for autoimmune gastritis should at least be performed in patients with PBC and autoimmune thyroiditis, keeping in mind the possible occurrence of a polyendocrinopathy and the potentially serious complication of a gastric carcinoid tumor.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1997

Pancreatic autoantibodies in Crohn's disease: a family study.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic antibodies occur in about one third of patients with Crohn's disease. AIMS: To evaluate the relevance of pancreatic antibodies as a genetic marker in patients with Crohn's disease and their first degree family members and spouses. To characterise further pancreatic antibodies by assessment of IgG subclasses. METHODS: Six hundred and fifty serum samples were tested for pancreatic antibodies by immunofluorescence on sections of human pancreas. Incidence of pancreatic antibodies and their subtypes were studied on 212 serum samples from patients with Crohn's disease. In the familial study, 72 patients with Crohn's disease and 196 first degree family members and 26 patients with ulcerative colitis and 90 first degree family members were included. Ten healthy families served as controls. RESULTS: Pancreatic antibodies were found in 58 (27%) of the patients with Crohn's disease and in none of the controls. Thirty patients had pancreatic antibodies of subtype I characterised by a drop-like fluorescence in the pancreatic acini, 28 patients had subtype II with a fine speckled staining in the acinar cells. Pancreatic antibodies of subtype I were both IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies by contrast with subtype II which were mainly of IgG1 subclass. Only five of 196 first degree relatives of patients with Crohn's disease had pancreatic antibodies. Four of these people had anamnestic data compatible with inflammatory bowel disease. Further investigations showed Crohn's disease in two of these people. In families with more than one member positive for pancreatic antibodies, pancreatic antibodies were of the same subtype in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic antibodies are a specific marker for Crohn's disease. Two subgroups of pancreatic antibodies can be distinguished by their pattern and immunoglobulin subclasses. Pancreatic antibodies rarely occur in family members of patients with Crohn's disease. These family members may also have Crohn's disease.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1997

Autoimmune hepatitis in inflammatory bowel disease: report of two unusual cases.

Elevated transaminases occur in up to 17% in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an important cause for elevated liver enzymes in these patients whereas autoimmune hepatitis is rare. Both diseases can overlap. We report two patients with an autoimmune hepatitis. One patient had Crohn's disease and arthritis with morphological liver changes typical for autoimmune hepatitis but without the characteristic autoantibody pattern. The other patient suffered from ulcerative colitis. He had antinuclear and antiactin antibodies as in autoimmune hepatitis type I. however, histological examination of the liver showed bile duct changes. Transaminases declined significantly in both patients after onset of steroid treatment. Therefore, the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease must not be missed, as immunosuppressive therapy improves the prognosis of the illness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Successful therapy of persistent androgen-induced cholestasis with ursodeoxycholic acid].

Drug-induced cholestasis can rarely persist for a considerable time period even after withdrawal of the drug. We report the case of a 55-year-old man with progressive jaundice after oral therapy with 17-alpha-methyltestosterone. Under empiric therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid the condition resolved completely. According to this observation, we suggest a therapeutic trial with ursodeoxycholic acid in cases of prolonged androgen-induced cholestasis.

Cholagogues and Choleretics↗
PubMed1996

[Pathogenicity of fungi in the intestines--current status of the discussion].

The hypothesis that colonization of the intestinal tract by yeasts (e.g. Candida albicans) can lead to disease in immunocompromised individuals is currently being discussed controversially. Proponents assume that toxins produced by the fungi can trigger such complaints as irritable bowel syndrome of the chronic fatigue syndrome, and that such chronic or recurrent infections may be caused by an intestinal reservoir of yeasts. Opponents of the hypothesis, however, point out that no hard data on the pathogenetic significance of an intestinal reservoir of yeasts are available, controlled studies have failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of antifungal treatment. Discussions are however, hampered by a lack of objective data. The postulated pathomechanisms therefore need to be clarified, diagnostic criteria developed, and the efficacy of the proposed therapeutic measures shown by controlled studies. Until this has been done, assumption about the pathogenicity of yeasts in the bowel, cannot be taken as a basis for binding therapeutic recommendations.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed1996

Treatment of bile duct stones: value of laser lithotripsy delivered via percutaneous endoscopy.

Extraction of stones from the bile ducts via standard endoscopic techniques, a percutaneous transhepatic approach, or a T-tube track can be unsuccessful. We report our preliminary experience with a combination of percutaneous cholangioscopy and dye laser lithotripsy. Flash lamp-excited dye laser (504 nm) lithotripsy delivered by percutaneous cholangioscopy (12 F) was evaluated in 13 patients with stones in the bile ducts. Conventional endoscopic treatment had not been attempted in 4 patients after hepaticojejunostomy and had failed in 3 patients after gastric bypass surgery or gastrectomy, and in 6 patients because of technical difficulties, i.e. due mainly to largeness of stones. In 12 patients a percutaneous transhepatic route was used. In 1 patient the T-tube track was used as access to the bile ducts. Laser lithotripsy resulted in successful fragmentation of stones in 12 patients (92%). The bile ducts cleared spontaneously in 2 patients only. Using additional techniques, i.e. sphincterotomy and stent insertion, the overall combined success rate for duct clearance after laser fragmentation was 100%. Four patients had a retrograde endoscopic sphincterotomy after failed attempts for stone removal at endoscopic retrograde cholangioscopy. Two patients had an antegrade fluoroscopically monitored sphincterotomy. Bleeding complications occurred in 2 patients. This accounted for a high rate (15%) of severe complications. The intrahepatic bleeding in 1 patient was due to an intrahepatic vessel injury by the 13-F sheath. The periampullary bleeding in the other patient occurred after an antegrade papillotomy. Pulsed dye laser lithotripsy proved to be an effective technique in patients with difficult bile duct stones. The main problem of a per cutaneous approach is the complete removal of the fragmented stones, which requires additional procedures in most cases. The percutaneous access is time-consuming and bears a relatively high risk of major bleeding complications. It should therefore be restricted to cases in which conventional endoscopic procedures are impossible or unsuccessful.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Impaired pancreatic function in patients with Crohn's disease with and without pancreatic autoantibodies.

Pancreatic autoantibodies (PABs) are found in 31% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but they do not correlate with the activity of intestinal disease or the incidence of acute pancreatitis. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency has been observed in patients with CD. The aim of our study was to correlate the occurrence of PABs with exocrine pancreatic function to explore the clinical significance of these antibodies. Serum samples of 64 patients with CD were tested for PABs by indirect immunofluorescence. In addition, all patients were tested for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency by a fluorescein dilaurate test. PABs were detected in 26 of 64 patients (40%). The PAB-positive and -negative groups did not differ in clinical characteristics, such as age, sex, involvement of intestine, previous surgical interventions, drug therapy, and disease activity. Seven of the antibody-positive patients (27%) had impaired pancreatic function, in contrast to three of 38 PAB-negative patients (8%) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, exocrine pancreatic function is impaired significantly more often in PAB-positive than in PAB-negative patients. A prospective follow-up is required to determine whether PAB-positive patients are more likely to develop pancreatic insufficiency later in their course of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Neutrophil antibodies (pANCA) in chronic liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease: do they react with different antigens?

OBJECTIVE: A high frequency of perinuclear neutrophil antibodies (pANCA) has been described in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We evaluated the presence of pANCA in chronic liver disease and compared the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses of pANCA in inflammatory bowel disease with chronic liver disease. Since the antigen reacting with pANCA could not be determined, the antigenic role of various neutrophil antigens was evaluated. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Detection of pANCA and their IgG subclass was performed by immunofluorescence. One hundred and forty patients with chronic liver disease, 96 patients with inflammatory bowel disease and 40 healthy controls were tested for pANCA. pANCA positive and negative sera were evaluated for their reactivity with different neutrophil antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system. RESULTS: pANCA were found in 8 of 23 patients (35%) with autoimmune hepatitis, in 6 of 21 patients (28%) with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), in 18 of 25 patients (72%) with PSC, in 3 of 48 patients (6%) with viral hepatitis, in 30 of 48 patients (62%) with UC, and in 2 of 48 patients (4%) with Crohn's disease. All 20 patients with alcoholic liver disease and 40 healthy controls were negative for pANCA. In contrast to the patients with UC who had 83% IgG1 and only 13% IgG3 antibodies, patients with PSC and PBC had an overexpression of IgG3 antibodies (PSC: 50% IgG3; PBC: 67% IgG3). A proportion of pANCA positive sera recognized lactoferrin, myeloperoxidase, cathepsin G, laminarase and alpha 1-antitrypsin. CONCLUSION: pANCA is not present only in patients with UC but in autoimmune liver diseases such as PSC, autoimmune hepatitis and PBC. Considering the IgG subclass of pANCA, the antibody response of patients with UC is different from patients with liver disease. No unique pANCA specific antigen could be detected, so heterogeneity of pANCA has to be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Liver transplantation in halothane-induced liver necrosis].

The risk for developing acute liver failure after halothane exposition was calculated between 1:8,000 and 1:36,000. The case report given on a 22 year old man with halothane-induced hepatic failure is unusual, because the typical risk factors as age over 40, female sex, obesity, and previous exposure to halothane were not present. Two days after exposure to halothane the patient suffered acute liver failure with severe coagulopathy (factor V = 5% activity), and encephalopathy grade IV complicated by renal failure and respiratory insufficiency. Maximal increases of enzymes in blood were AST 3900 U/L, ALT 2570 U/L, LDH 10600 U/L. After six days the patient underwent liver transplantation with complete anuria and instable circulation. Explanted liver showed massive necrosis (70% of parenchyma) and fatty changes. The liver transplant had immediately a good function and renal failure resolved within three days. In the follow-up of 3 1/2 years the patient suffered no further complications. Culturing the patient's lymphocytes in the lymphocyte transformation test a strong reaction could be detected with a stimulatory index of 20. Maximal proliferation was observed when lymphocytes were incubated with plasma metabolites of a volunteer drawn 120 minutes after anesthesia with halothane was started.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Fish oil preparations rich in docosahexaenoic acid modify platelet responsiveness to prostaglandin-endoperoxide/thromboxane A2 receptor agonists.

The effects of daily dietary supplementation for 6 weeks with either 4.5 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 3.35 g docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (group I, EPA/DHA = 1.33) or 3.5 g EPA and 6.4 g DHA (group II, EPA/DHA = 0.54) on platelet responsiveness to the stable prostaglandin (PG)-endoperoxide analogue 9,11-dideoxy,9 alpha-11 alpha-methanoepoxy-PGF2 alpha (U 46619) were studied in healthy volunteers. Dose-response curves (DRC) of U 46619-induced platelet aggregation were analysed by computerized non-linear curve fitting. In group I, the concentration of U 46619 required for half-maximum platelet aggregation (EC50) remained unchanged, whereas the Hill coefficient decreased from 6.2 to 3.3 (P < 0.02). In group II, characterized by a high intake of DHA, a considerable increase of EC50 from 0.3 to 1.4 microM was found (P < 0.02). These results suggest different effects of EPA and DHA on the platelet thromboxane/endoperoxide-amplifying system. The considerable shift of the DRC in group II suggests a direct effect of DHA on the presentation of the endoperoxide receptor and/or post-receptoral events.

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5↗
PubMed1993

Endoscopic laser therapy in a case of gastric antral vascular ectasia (watermelon stomach).

We report the case history of a 75-year-old female patient suffering from extensive gastric antral vascular ectasia (watermelon stomach) with portal hypertension in alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Iron deficiency anaemia, due to chronic blood loss from the antral lesions, required repeated transfusions. Conservative treatment failed, but a surgical intervention (antrectomy) was discarded in view of concomitant diseases. Endoscopic laser photocoagulation therapy with a Nd:YAG-laser eradicated the characteristic antral lesions, which was accompanied by a significant reduction of transfusion requirements. No relapse has been observed since then. Endoscopic laser photocoagulation appears to be an efficacious and safe alternative in the treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

In vivo validation of image-directed Doppler measurement of superior mesenteric artery blood flow.

Image-directed Doppler measurement of superior mesenteric artery blood flow in volunteers was validated in two artificial models with either a venous or an arterial flow profile. In the "venous" model, the Doppler device overestimated the real flow velocity by 86 +/- 7%, and in the "arterial" model by 24 +/- 9%. The areas under the time-frequency curves (AUCs) from the arterial model were measured by planimetry. A correction factor of 1.47 between flow velocities calculated after planimetry and real flow was established. Correction for this factor resulted in a flow velocity of 19.5 +/- 4.7 cm/s and a blood flow rate of 377 +/- 166 ml/min in the volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Narrowing of the palpebral fissure as the first symptom of extensive osteoma with orbital involvement].

Unilateral narrowing of palpebral fissure and moderately impaired visual acuity induced a 14 years old woman to consult an ophthalmologist. Neuroradiological examination revealed a large osteoma starting from the ethmoid cells and invading both the orbit and the cranial cavity. This case illustrates that proptosis may be absent even in cases of extensive and compact orbital tumors. Therefore, exophthalmos is a common but not an indispensable sign of an orbital tumor. In Gardner's syndrome osteomas are associated with soft tissue tumors, intestinal polyposis and colonic adenomatosis that ultimately progresses to colorectal cancer. This association is frequent enough that a colon examination should be suggested to all patients with osteoma.

Adolescent↗