Research priorities in large bowel cancer prevention.
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Female↗
Biomedical subjects
M Schiffman
Publications and source records attributed to M Schiffman.
Sex hormones in lesbian and heterosexual women.
The authors measured plasma testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), and cortisol (C) levels in seven lesbian and seven heterosexual women matched for age and socioeconomic status. In addition, psychiatric symptoms, physical activity levels, depression, subjective sense of stress, and sexual behavior variables were assessed. There were no significant differences in sex hormone levels between the two groups of women, who were also comparable in psychiatric symptom levels, depression, and self-perceived stress. Lesbian women reported significantly more current physical activity relative to peers. Other than the sexual orientation difference which was a prerequisite for entry into the study, there were virtually no significant differences in sexual behavior although lesbian women tended to have achieved psychosexual milestones at a younger age. We were not able to corroborate the finding of Gartrell, Loriaux, and Chase (1977) that lesbian women have higher T levels, possibly due to the fact that the two groups were closely matched on several behavioral variables potentially affecting testosterone levels.
Adult↗
Regarding mutagenic mucus in the cervix of smokers.
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Adult↗
Simple bone cysts: factors of age dependency.
Patient age plays a significant role in the presentation and clinical behavior of bone cysts. In children, cysts behave more aggressively than in adults and the recurrence rate for patients in the first decade of life is four times that in the adolescent. Simple bone cysts are less frequent after 17 years of age and 80% of cysts in the young are located in the proximal end of the shaft of the humerus and femur. Pathological fractures will call attention to the cyst and the highest incidence of fractures is in childhood (0--10 years).
Adolescent↗
Laboratory and epidemiologic studies of fecapentaenes.
Fecapentaenes are a class of conjugated ether lipids which have been identified as the major component of human fecal mutagenicity in the Ames Salmonella mutagenesis assay. Human epidemiologic data have indicated that most healthy North American populations eating a western diet do excrete detectable levels of fecapentaenes. Excreted fecapentaene levels seem to reflect levels throughout the colonic lumen, and levels vary characteristically between individuals. Those individuals found to excrete high levels of fecapentaene appear, based on limited data, to be at decreased risk of colorectal neoplasia. Carcinogenicity studies in rats and mice have been predominantly negative, however, increased tumor incidence in mice exposed to fecapentaenes as neonates has recently been reported. Fecapentaenes are direct-acting genotoxins, which may react with DNA through free radical mechanisms, and/or aldehyde formation. Mechanisms by which fecapentaene-induced DNA damage may mediate carcinogenesis are discussed.
Animals↗