Biomedical subjects

M Selzer

Publications and source records attributed to M Selzer.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1999

Tear fluid gelatinase B activity correlates with IL-1alpha concentration and fluorescein clearance in ocular rosacea.

PURPOSE: To correlate tear fluorescein clearance with interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) concentration and gelatinase B (matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-9) activity in the tear fluid of patients with ocular rosacea and normal control subjects. METHODS: Gelatinase activity was evaluated by gelatin zymography in tear fluid obtained from 13 patients with ocular rosacea (including 1 patient with recurrent epithelial erosion, 2 with recurrent peripheral corneal infiltrates and vascularization, and 2 patients with epithelial basement membrane dystrophy) and 13 normal subjects with normal aqueous tear production and no irritation symptoms. Tear fluorescein clearance was evaluated by measuring fluorescence in tear fluid collected from the inferior meniscus 15 minutes after instillation of 5 microl of 2% Na-fluorescein with a CytoFluor II fluorometer. Pro-MMP-9 and IL-1alpha concentrations in the tear fluid were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Compared with normal control subjects, patients with ocular rosacea had a greater delay of tear fluorescein clearance (P < 0.001), a higher tear IL-1alpha concentration (P < 0.001), and a greater pro-gelatinase B (92 kDa) activity (P < 0.001) in their tear fluid. The 84-kDa active form of gelatinase B was observed in 46% of the rosacea tear samples and none of the controls. The zymographic results were confirmed by ELISA that showed a significantly greater concentration of pro-MMP-9 (92 kDa) in the tear fluid of rosacea patients than controls. Delayed tear clearance was correlated with elevated tear IL-1alpha concentration (p=0.67, P < 0.001) and increased tear gelatinase B activity (p=0.84, P < 0.001). Tear IL-1alpha concentration was correlated with tear gelatinase B activity (p=0.58, P < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Gelatinase B (MMP-9) activity is greater in patients with ocular rosacea than in normal eyes. The majority of this activity is due to 92-kDa proform of this enzyme. This activity is correlated with delayed tear clearance and tear fluid concentration of interleukin-1alpha, a proinflammatory cytokine that has been reported to stimulate gelatinase B production. Elevated gelatinase B activity in ocular rosacea may be involved in the pathogenesis of the irritation symptoms, recurrent epithelial erosions, vascularization, and epithelial basement membrane dystrophy that develops in the corneas of patients with this condition.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Studying the treatment contract in intensive psychotherapy with borderline patients.

A pilot study on the process of psychodynamic psychotherapy of borderline personality disorder at the Cornell University Medical College is designed to investigate the teaching and application of a specific model of treatment for borderline patients (Clarkin et al. 1992; Kernberg and Clarkin 1992). The project has involved teaching a group of self-selected trainees and faculty the manualized therapy (Kernberg et al. 1989); taping each of the twice-weekly therapy sessions over a period of 2 years; and rating (1) each therapist's adherence to the manual (Koenigsberg et al. 1985), (2) each therapist's skill, and (3) patient change. The patients are women with borderline personality disorder, between 20 and 40 years of age, diagnosed by DSM-III-R criteria (American Psychiatric Association 1987), SCID-II (Spitzer et al. 1987), and a self-report questionnaire for level of personality organization. At regular intervals, the patients are evaluated for symptom status, change in BPD criteria, and functioning. The therapists are evaluated for adherence to the manual and level of therapeutic skill. In teaching and carrying out the manualized therapy, it became clear that a critical moment in the treatment was the setting up of the treatment contract. A study was organized to look systematically at the adherence of the therapists to the model of treatment with regard to this initial phase of the therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Regional enzyme profiles in rabbit lenses with early stages of naphthalene cataract.

The naphthalene cataract in the pigmented rabbit, in contrast to the corresponding model in the pigmented rat, is characterized by a rather unstable cataract development during the later stages. Some animals rapidly develop mature cataracts, others develop cortical cataracts with almost no further progression inspite of a continued naphthalene treatment. To get more insight into this phenomenon, a study with pigmented rabbits (8 weeks old) was designed and at different stages of cataract development lenses were separated in single layers with the Bonn freeze-sectioning device. The key enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism and the redox potential were determined in those layers. The results of the biochemistry failed however to explain the prominent differences of cataract development in-vivo. We conclude from these findings that the naphthalene cataract model in the pigmented rabbit shall no longer be used in drug side-effect or efficacy studies.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Development of a scale for measuring techniques in the psychotherapy of borderline patients.

Studies of psychodynamic psychotherapy require an instrument to measure the application of the prescribed therapeutic techniques during ongoing treatment. The authors describe the development of such an instrument, the Therapist Verbal Intervention Inventory (TVII), designed specifically for use in the study of the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorders. The TVII was designed, in addition, to test the hypothesis that psychodynamic techniques defined at a middle level of inference could be reliably rated by trained clinicians. The authors present data on the inter-rater reliabilities and inter-rater agreements obtainable with the TVII in the hands of highly experienced clinicians and in the hands of an independent group of junior clinicians trained in its use. The TVII appears to be a potentially useful tool for monitoring psychotherapy techniques in ongoing studies of the treatment of patients with severe personality disorders. Psychiatrists at the advanced resident level or immediate postresidency level have been trained to use the TVII to rate videotaped therapy sessions reliably.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗

PubMed1976