Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Semerdzieva.
Basidiospores of Agrocybe cylindracea were found to be viable for 12 years, those of Oudemansiella mucida for 6 years. The ability of monosporic isolates from these spores to produce antibiotics has been partly preserved.
Mutants of Oudemansiella mucida, blocked in the biosynthesis of the antibiotic mucidin, were obtained at a 0.28% frequency after the application of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNG) to basidiospores under conditions leading to 0.5--5.0% survival rates. Loss of antibiotic activity was in most isolates accompanied by a decrease in mycelium growth rate and a suppression of dikaryotizing and fructification ability. Recombination analysis of two stable mutants revealed that the block in mucidin synthesis is the result of mutation in the same chromosomal gene (muc). In contrast to the action of MNG, UV-irradiation leads neither to the loss of biosynthetic activity nor to any morphological change.
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The developmental cycle of the fungus Oudemansiella mucida, the producer of a new antifungal antibiotic, was found to be controlled by the mechanism of homogenic tetrapolar incompatibility; under our conditions, the cycle took about 12 weeks to completion. Optimum conditions for a laboratory-scale fructification were investigated. Normal fruiting body formation required sufficient illumination, temperatures below 20 degrees C, and relative humidity in excess of 70%. Flask-grown fruiting bodies did not differ from the naturally occurring ones. The basidiospores of the produced fruiting bodies yielded the reference monokaryons necessary for physiological, cytological and genetical studies.
Nuclear ratios were studied in terminal and subterminal cells of various mycelia of the basidiomycete Oudemansiella mucida, the producer of the antifungal antibiotic mucidin (MuciderminR Spofa). The dikaryon, the monokaryon, and the mucidin-producing strain that had been cultivated for a long time under submerged conditions were compared. Dedikaryotization was found to have taken place in the producing strain. The originally dikaryotic culture with characteristic clamp connections on the mycelium and with two nuclei in every hyphal cell lost permanently the clamp connections, probably owing to continuous intense agitation. The hyphae contained solely mononuclear cells. Mating with a compatible monokaryon yielded a dikaryon capable of normal fructification.
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In connection with clinical observations and literature data about allergic manifestations in the oral cavity in the treatment of periodontal pockets with mild-fibrosing agents, we performed a comparative epicutaneous study on the preparations most often used in our country: Phytodont, maraslavin, zemisvet and preparation P. The method of Jadahsson and Block was used in patients with manifested periodontosis. Positive allergic tests with zemisvet and preparation P have not been established so far, whereas they were 5.71% with maraslavin and 8.57%--with phytodont. That provided grounds to recommend the fibrosing therapy in the single courses to be performed with various mild-fibrosing agents so as to reduce the possibilities of sendibilization. In the presence of data about drug allergy, the patients should be tested for allergy to the respective mild-fibrosing agents prior to the fibrosing therapy.
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