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Biomedical subjects

M Shaker

Publications and source records attributed to M Shaker.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Interleukin 1beta induces gastric epithelial cell matrix metalloproteinase secretion and activation during Helicobacter pylori infection.

BACKGROUND: and aims: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases with roles in extracellular matrix remodelling, cell proliferation, and inflammatory processes. We showed previously that Helicobacter pylori infection of human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells increased epithelial secretion of epithelial MMP-1 and MMP-3 and bacterial secretion of MMP-3-like activity. In the present study, we sought to characterise the role of interleukin (IL)-1beta in H pylori induced secretion of epithelial MMPs. METHODS AND RESULTS: AGS cells were treated with H pylori and/or IL-1beta. Comparable IL-8 secretory responses (approximately 1700 ng/ml) measured by ELISA were induced by 2.0 ng/ml IL-1beta and by H pylori at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 50. The same IL-1beta and H pylori concentrations induced comparable increases in AGS cell caseinolytic activity at 60 kDa. MMP-3 monoclonal antibody immunoblots of AGS cell conditioned media detected immunoreactive bands at 71 kDa and 56 kDa. H pylori (MOI=50-100) induced dose dependent increases in both bands whereas IL-1beta (0.2-2 ng/ml) induced dose dependent increases only in the 71 kDa band, which was identified as a MMP-3/TIMP-3 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3) heterodimer. AGS/H pylori conditioned media expressed 24 times more MMP-3 activity than AGS/IL-1beta conditioned media. There was a strong interaction between IL-1beta and H pylori on MMP-3 secretion. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that IL-1beta induces gastric epithelial cell MMP-3 secretion, contributing to epithelial tissue destruction during H pylori infection. However, other bacterial/host factors are needed to mediate the full gastric epithelial cell MMP-3 secretory response induced by H pylori infection.

Culture Media, Conditioned↗
PubMed1996

Investigation of fatigue failure of S-65-HL "Super Tygon" roller pump tubing.

A failure analysis was performed on Norton S-65-HL Tygon tubing. Fatigue testing was performed on four sizes of this tubing, and essentially showed how the tubing wears out. A dynamic "life hours to failure" test, which was performed on the 3/8" internal diameter (ID) size, quantified when the tubing ruptured. Based on results of laboratory testing and the institution's clinical extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) experience, a reasonable life expectancy for the 3/8" S-65-HL Tygon size was determined for use in this institution's neonatal ECMO system. An understanding of the expected performance of roller pump tubing-an integral component of the ECMO system-is imperative to providing safe, effective extracorporeal life support.

Elasticity↗
PubMed1992

Hepatitis B & D viral infections among schistosomal patients in Egypt.

A comparative study was done between schistosomal and non-schistosomal groups of acute and chronic HB patients to explore the possible role of schistosomiasis in predisposition to HBV and HDV infections in Egypt. The studied groups were 116 cases of acute hepatitis (78 cases without schistosomiasis and 38 cases with schistosomiasis). The second group of the study was 51 chronic HB patients (31 with schistosomiasis and 20 cases without schistosomiasis). All cases were tested for HBV markers and anti-HDV using ELISA technique. In acute hepatitis patients, the percentage of HBV infection as detected by HBsAg was significantly higher in the schistosomal group (63.15%: 24 out of 38) compared to non-schistosomal patients (37.17%: 29 out of 78) (Table 1). Also, Anti-HBs was detected in a significantly higher proportion among schistosomal group (85.71%: 12 out of 14) compared to non-schistosomal acute HB cases (44.9%: 22 out of 49) (Table 2). The infection rate of HBV (HBsAg+anti-HBs) was found to be statistically higher among schistosomal compared to non-schistosomal patients (94.73%: 36 out of 38 and 65.38%: 51 out of 78 respectively) (Table 3). As regards HDV among schistosomal and non-schistosomal patients suffering from acute HB, frequency of anti-HDV was found to be 33.33% (8 out of 24 HB cases) in schistosomal group versus 17.24% (5 out of 29 HB cases) in the non-schistosomal (Table 4). In chronic HB patients, anti HDV was present as 29.03% (9 out of 31) and 15% (3 out of 20) in schistosomal and non-schistosomal groups respectively (Table 5). But the differences between schistosomal and non-schistosomal groups, as regards delta infection (anti-HDV) among acute and chronic HB patients, were not statistically significant. From the present study, it was concluded that schistosomiasis contributes to significantly increased HBV infection and possibly also HDV infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Delta virus infection in Egypt.

The present study was carried out on 124 serum samples of acute hepatitis B, 51 with chronic HBV infection, and 41 chronic HBsAg carriers. Sera were tested by ELISA for HBV markers and anti-delta (anti-HDV). Delta infection (anti-HDV) in acute HB was found to be 16.9% (21 out of 124), 23.5% in chronic HB cases (12 out of 51), and 21.9% among chronic HBsAg carriers (9 out of 41). Out of the twelve delta positive in chronic HB patients, ten (83%) were suffering from CAH (chronic active hepatitis) denoting a possible role of delta infection in deteriorating the course of the disease. A competitive inhibition of HBV replication by coexistent delta infection was demonstrated in the present study. This was reflected on anti-HBc IgM in the acute cases and on HBeAg in chronic HB cases. Anti-HBc IgM was 71.42% (15 out of 21) in delta positive acute HB patients versus 92.23% (95 out of 103) in delta negative acute HB patients. On the other hand, HBeAg percentage was 8.33% (1 out of 12) and 46.15% (18 out of 39) in delta and non-delta chronic HB patients respectively. The difference in both anti-HBc IgM and HBeAg as regards delta positive and negative patients was found to be statistically significant. Out of the twelve chronic HB cases with delta infection, four cases were negative for HBsAg (33.33%). This observation might be attributed to the clearance effect of hepatitis D virus (HDV) on HBsAg (Ischimura et al., 1988) or due to suppressing effect resulting in low undetectable HBsAg level in serum, (Sherlock, 1989). From the present study it may be concluded that delta infection is endemic in Egypt (its incidence ranged from 16.94% in acute HB to 23.53% in chronic HB infection), delta infection possibly also worsens the outcome of chronic HB patients. Delta infection may exert a competitive inhibitory effect on HBV replication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Non-A, non-B viral hepatitis in Egypt.

A study was carried out on 200 patients of ages 20-40 years suffering from acute viral hepatitis. Sera were tested for markers of hepatitis B (HBsAg, and IgM anti-HBc) and hepatitis A (IgM-anti-HAV) by the ELISA technique. Sera negative for the markers of both viruses: Hepatitis A (HAV) and Hepatitis B (HBV) were subsequently tested for IGM Heterophil antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by the Monospot slide test to diagnose acute infectious mononucleosis and tested for anti-CMV (IgM) by ELISA technique for the diagnosis of acute Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB) was diagnosed by exclusion. The results of the study showed that 133 (66.5%) patients had evidence of HBV infection, while only 9(4.5%) were diagnosed as HAV infection. EBV and CMV were the possible etiological agents of acute viral hepatitis in (3.5%) and 1%) respectively. Accordingly the Non-A, non-B hepatitis in this study amounts to (24.5%) of the acute viral hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Rheumatic fever and rubella immunity.

Anti-rubella IgG titer was estimated in 106 children: sixty five had acute rheumatic fever and 41 had either a history of rheumatic fever or a definite rheumatic heart disease. Their ages ranged from 6 to 16 years old (11.4 +/- 2.7 years). Sixty two were females and 44 were males. They were compared with 35 control normal subjects of both sexes with no history of rheumatic affection, aged 5 to 14 years (10.2 +/- 3.6 years). The results obtained showed a significantly (p less than 0.001) higher rubella IgG titer level in the controls (1066.5 +/- 8.3) as compared to the rheumatic cases (521.2 +/- 3.0). No differences were found in the rubella antibody titer between cases of acute rheumatic fever and those with history of rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease, nor between males and females in either cases or controls. We suggested that the low rubella IgG levels encountered in the rheumatic cases, make them more susceptible to rheumatic fever affection. In other words, a high immunity level against rubella might also produce an immunity against an agent, possibly related to rubella virus, with a specific role in the development of rheumatic fever. Vaccination against rubella could be worth a trial, for prevention of rheumatic fever.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Some enzyme interrelationships in serum and organs of Egyptian camel.

In 7 normal healthy Egyptian one-humped camels aged 3-4 years, the relationships were studied between enzyme activities of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), and cholonesterase (CHE) of serum and organs as well as between ACP and ALP and between LDH and CPK. Liver, heart, kidney, and spleen tissue samples as well as serum were analysed for total enzyme activity. The following results were obtained: --The heart was the organ with the highest activities of ALP, LDH, and CPK, and it contained high values of CHE, whereas the lowest activities of all enzymes were recorded from serum. The spleen exhibited of the highest activity of ACP. --Each of the serum enzymes ALP, LDH, and CHE were in strong inverse relationship with the corresponding enzymes in the liver. Strong inverse relationships existed also between serum LDH and kidney LDH as well as between CPK in serum and heart. --Direct relationships were remarkable serum LDH and that of spleen and heart as well as between serum ACP and that of liver and heart. --Interrelationships were inverse between ACP and ALP in liver, kidney, and heart, but weak direct interrelationships were characteristic between the 2 enzymes in serum and spleen. --LDH was inversely interrelated with CPK in serum and heart.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1982

Oral mebeverine in barium enema preparation.

A double blind controlled trial to determine the effect of mebeverine (Colofac) pre-medication on the incidence of spasm, pain and discomfort during examination of the colon by double contrast barium enema was carried out. There was a significant reduction in spasm on fluoroscopy and reported pain and discomfort in the mebeverine group. The number of segments of spasm on the radiographs was not significantly reduced.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of naloxone-resistant beta-endorphin binding sites on A20 cells: effects of concanavalin A and dexamethasone.

beta-Endorphin affects mononuclear cell proliferation, cytokine production and calcium uptake in a naloxone-resistant manner. The presence of naloxone-insensitive binding sites for beta-endorphin have been demonstrated on murine EL4-thymoma cells, transformed human mononuclear cells and normal murine splenocytes. Since murine splenic B cells have been shown to express naloxone-resistant receptors for beta-endorphin in response to the mitogen, concanavalin A (Con A), the A20 B-cell lymphoma line was used to further study regulation of this site by Con A and dexamethasone. Analyses showed two sites: a high-affinity site, Kd1 = (8.7 +/- 2.3) x 10(-11) M and binding capacity (Bmax1) of (2.6 +/- 2.0) x 10(3) receptors/cell; and a low-affinity site, Kd2 = (2.2 +/- 0.8) x 10(-8) M with Bmax2 of (1.5 +/- 0.8) x 10(5) receptors/cell. Competition studies showed that N-acetyl-beta-endorphin was approx. 5-fold and beta-endorphin6-31 10-fold less potent than beta-endorphin1-31. Neither beta-endorphin1-27 nor naloxone, morphine or other opioid receptor agonists displaced [125I]beta-endorphin. Con A (20 micrograms/ml) significantly increased the Bmax (3.5-fold; expressed per cell) and resulted in a loss of the higher-affinity site. However, the increased Bmax occurred in proportion to the Con-A-induced increase in protein/cell. Dexamethasone (Dex) also increased Bmax, primarily by increasing (2-3-fold) the number of lower affinity sites. In contrast to Con A, two binding sites persisted after treatment with Dex, which exerted a minimal effect on protein/cell. Therefore, binding/cell and binding/protein/cell were both significantly enhanced by Dex. The combined effects of Dex and Con A on binding failed to show additivity or synergy. When binding was analyzed per protein/cell, the effect of Con A appeared to dominate; the Dex-enhanced binding/protein/cell was no longer evident in the presence of Dex plus Con A. Thus, Dex and Con A may enhance binding by independent mechanisms.

Animals↗