PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Shehata

Publications and source records attributed to M Shehata.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis C in a community in Upper Egypt: I. Cross-sectional survey.

The prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was determined in a cross-sectional survey in a village in Upper Egypt. Exposure and demographic characteristics were obtained through a questionnaire. Antibody to hepatitis C virus was assessed using a second generation enzyme immunoassay, and the presence of HCV RNA was tested using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Collection of blood samples was targeted at those > or = 5 years old, and obtained from 62.8%. This report describes the community, the HCV infection characteristics of the subjects, and evaluates some factors associated with presence of anti-HCV. Of the 6,031 participants, 522 (8.7%) were anti-HCV positive. Prevalence was higher among males than females (11.3% versus 6.5%; P < 0.001). It was greater among those > 30 years of age than among those < or = 30 years of age (20.0% versus 3.6%; P < 0.001). Those who were less educated, farmed, provided health care, and were currently married had a significantly higher anti-HCV prevalence than those who were not; however, these associations were not significant after adjusting for age. Although active infections with Schistosoma haematobium were not associated with anti-HCV, a history of past infection was (age-adjusted risk ratio [RR] = 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.8, 2.4); 134 persons who had a history of receiving parenteral anti-schistosomal therapy had a higher age-adjusted RR (3.0; 95% CI = 2.5, 3.7) for anti-HCV than those who did not. Hepatitis C virus RNA was detected in 62.8% of the anti-HCV positive subjects, without significant variation by age, gender, education, or marital status. The prevalence of anti-HCV in Upper Egypt is high, albeit lower than in Lower Egypt, with continuing but limited transmission indicated by the lower prevalence in residents < or = 30 years old.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of veneering composite composition on the efficacy of fiber-reinforced restorations (FRR).

This study investigated the influence of fiber reinforcement on the flexural properties of four commercial (Artglass, Belleglass HP, Herculite XRV and Solidex) veneering composites (Series A) and two experimental composites (Series B&C). This study investigated how the composition of the veneering composites influenced the enhancement of strength and modulus produced by fiber reinforcement. The formulation of the experimental composites were varied by changing the filler load (Series B) or the resin matrix chemistry (Series C) to assess the effect these changes would have on the degree of reinforcement. In Series A, the commercial veneering composites were reinforced by an Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene fiber (UHMW-PE/Connect) to evaluate flexural properties after 24 hours and six months. In Series B, experimental composites with the same organic matrix but with different filler loads (40% to 80% by weight) were also reinforced by Connect fiber to evaluate flexural properties. In Series C, experimental composites (Systems 1-4) with the same filler load (76.5% by weight) but with different organic matrix compositions were reinforced by Connect fiber to evaluate flexural properties. For Series B and C, flexural properties were evaluated after 24 hours water storage. All the samples were prepared in a mold 2 mm x 2 mm x 25 mm and stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C until they were ready for flexural testing in an Instron Universal Testing Machine using a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The results showed no significant differences in the flexural strength (FS) between any of the commercial reinforced composites in Series A. The flexural modulus (FM) of the fiber-reinforced Belleglass HP group was significantly higher than for Artglass and Solidex. Water storage for six months had no significant (p>0.05) effect on the flexural strength of three of the four reinforced veneering composites. The flexural strength for Artglass was significantly reduced (p<0.05) by six-month water storage. In Series B, however, increasing the amount of filler loading improved the flexural modulus of the reinforced experimental composite but had no effect on its flexural strength. In Series C, changing the organic matrix formulation had no affect on flexural strength but affected the flexural modulus of the reinforced experimental composite.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection, and of oxamniquine, a new antischistosomal drug on some vitamins in the livers of hamsters.

The hepatic levels of thiamine, pantothenic acid and niacin in hamsters infected with S. mansoni were depressed, while the levels of riboflavin and pyridoxine remained unchanged. A single dose of oxamniquine, 10-50 mg/kg, brought the levels of thiamine, pantothenic acid and niacin to values not significantly different from those in non-infected controls, but lowered the concentrations of riboflavin and pyridoxine in infected hamsters.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of aliphatic alcohols on certain vitamins of the B-complex group in the liver of the rat.

The effect of the oral administration of a series of aliphatic alcohols (methanol to butanol) in addition to isopropanol on the liver contents of thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacin, and pantothenic acid was investigated in rats. It was found the tested alcohols caused a significant decrease in the liver contents of the studied vitamins. This effect was observed after daily oral administration of the tested alcohols in doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg for 7 days. The diminishing effect of alcohols on the liver contents of vitamins was directly proportional to the dose administered.

Alcohols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Localization of PDGF-BB in the juxtaglomerular cells of cyclosporin-treated rats.

We have examined the ultrastructural localization of immunoreactive platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in Wistar rats injected with cyclosporin A (CyA, 12.5 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. CyA injections resulted in a significant increase in serum creatinine (47 +/- 3 vs. 35 +/- 2 mumol/l, p < 0.05) and a reduction in creatinine clearance (0.29 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.53 +/- 0.04 ml/min/100 g b.w., p < 0.01). CyA-treated rats displayed marked hypertrophy and hypergranularity of the juxtaglomerular cells. Morphometric studies showed a significant increase in the number (2.8 +/- 0.3 vs. 1.8 +/- 0.3, p < 0.05) and a 60% increase in the volume of secretion granules within these cells. PDGF was detected exclusively within the secretion granules of the juxtaglomerular cells of the afferent arterioles of CyA-treated animals. We conclude that CyA therapy or its induced haemodynamic alterations result in increased accumulation of PDGF-BB within the secretion granules of the juxtaglomerular cells.

Animals↗