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Biomedical subjects

M Shida

Publications and source records attributed to M Shida.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Anti-annexin A5 antibodies in reproductive failures in relation to antiphospholipid antibodies and phosphatidylserine.

PROBLEM: The presence of IgG anti-annexin A5 (IgGalphaA5) and/or antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are risk factors associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Problems are whether IgA antiannexin A5 (IgAalphaA5) is pathogenic, and how IgGalphaA5 works. METHOD OF STUDY: Blood samples from 238 patients with early recurrent spontaneous abortion, 48 patients with recurrent in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer failure, 179 non-pregnant women and 120 pregnant controls were tested for IgAalphaA5 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also determined if IgGalphaA5 appeared coincident with aPL. The antigenic epitope(s) recognized by IgGalphaA5 was investigated. RESULTS: We observed no difference between patients and controls for IgAalphaA5. The prevalence of IgGalphaA5 was not different statistically between patient samples with or without aPL. Patient IgGalphaA5 bound annexin A5 when the latter was free/unbound but not when annexin A5 was associated with phospholipid. CONCLUSIONS: The IgAalphaA5 does not appear to be pathogenic. IgGalphaA5 works to make a complex with annexin A5 without relation to aPLs, which may reduce annexin A5 available for binding to trophoblast.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2001

Renal macrostructure and cortical circulation in hypertension assessed by dynamic computed tomography.

The aim of this study was to assess the macrostructure of the kidney and the grade of heterogeneity in renal cortical circulation in the early stages of essential hypertension. The subjects consisted of 84 patients (<50 years old) who underwent dynamic computed tomography (CT) because of various abdominal diseases and who had no serious hemodynamic abnormalities. The volumes of the whole kidney, cortex, and medulla were measured with the program installed in the CT instrument. In dynamic CT under appropriate conditions, the CT number of each pixel (image element) reflects the blood volume in the pixel. The means and standard deviations were calculated from the CT numbers within the renal cortex. The coefficient of variation (CV) of CT numbers was used as the index of the heterogeneity of renal cortical circulation. The volume ratio of cortex/medulla was significantly (P < .01) smaller in the hypertensive patients (0.80 +/- 0.03 (mean +/- SE)) than in the normotensive subjects (0.92 +/- 0.03). The CV was significantly (P < .01) greater in the hypertensives (n = 23, 0.124 +/- 0.008) than in the normotensives (n = 61, 0.106 +/- 0.003). There was a significant correlation (r = -0.391, P < .001) between the CV of CT numbers and the volume ratio of cortex/medulla, and the relationship between the two variables was independent of other variables. These results suggest that the heterogeneity of renal cortical circulation is increased in the early stages of essential hypertension and is related to changes in renal macrostructure.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Acute changes in plasma levels of hepatocyte growth factor during low-density lipoprotein apheresis.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a mesenchyme-derived pleiotropic factor, and angiogenesis is included in a variety of its functional effects. HGF levels were measured in 5 sessions of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis in 3 patients with severe hypercholesterolemia. Blood was collected at the start (T0) and at 1,000 ml (T1), 2,000 ml (T2), and 3,000 ml (T3) plasma treatments. During LDL apheresis, HGF levels increased from 1.59 +/- 0.78 (mean +/- SE, n = 5) ng/ml at T0 to 6.64 +/- 0.97 at T1, 6.28 +/- 0.97 at T2, and 5.20 +/- 0.94 at T3. In one apheresis session, HGF increased immediately at the 100 ml plasma treatment stage. HGF was adsorbed completely by a dextran-sulfate (DS) column. Despite the adsorption by the DS column, HGF in the patient blood increased to the levels with functional effects. The improvement of ischemic symptoms due to LDL apheresis may be related to the angiogenic activities of HGF.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2001

Effects of losartan on blood pressure and humoral factors in a patient who suffered from anaphylactoid reactions when treated with ACE inhibitors during LDL apheresis.

In a patient who was taking an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis with dextran-sulfate cellulose provoked hypotension accompanied by lacrimation and blurred vision. Hypotension was eliminated by changing the anticoagulant from heparin to a protease inhibitor, nafamostat mesilate. A study was undertaken to clarify whether an antagonist of angiotensin type 1-receptor, losartan, could be safely used in the same patient during LDL apheresis treatment. Blood pressure and humoral factors were compared between the apheresis sessions with losartan and those without. Although angiotensin II and bradykinin plasma levels during LDL apheresis were significantly greater with losartan than without, blood pressure reduction by losartan was mild and unpleasant symptoms were not induced. Losartan was thus safely used for this patient during treatment by LDL apheresis. The greater rise in bradykinin levels during apheresis with losartan might be ascribable to angiotensin type 2-receptor stimulation.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed2000

(2-Carbamoylethyl)bis(dimethylglyoximato-N, N')

The 2-carbamoylethyl and 2-(methylcarbamoyl)ethyl groups in the title cobaloxime complexes, [Co(C(4)H(7)N(2)O(2))(2)(C(3)H(6)NO)(C(12)H(13)N)].C(2)H(6)O and [Co(C(4)H(7)N(2)O(2))(2)(C(4)H(8)NO)(C(10)H(13)NO(2))], were isomerized to 1-carbamoylethyl and 1-(methylcarbamoyl)ethyl groups, respectively, on exposure to visible light in the solid state. Although both the crystal structures and the intermolecular hydrogen bonds are different in the two crystals, similar reaction rates were observed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Effects of losartan on low-density lipoprotein apheresis.

The negative charges of dextran sulfate cellulose (DSC) used for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis activate the intrinsic coagulation pathway, accompanied by bradykinin production. This study was undertaken to see whether an antagonist of angiotensin receptor (AT1), losartan, could be safely used in a patient treated by DSC-LDL apheresis. Losartan (50 mg/day) was given to a patient with coronary heart disease who had been treated by DSC-LDL apheresis and had experienced an anaphylactoid reaction by administration of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. The effects of losartan on blood pressures and humoral factors were examined by comparing these parameters between apheresis with and without losartan. Blood pressures and plasma levels of bradykinin, renin, and aldosterone were measured before and at 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 ml of plasma treatment. Bradykinin levels during LDL apheresis tended to be higher with losartan than without losartan (without versus with, 529 +/- 121 [n = 4, mean +/- SE] pg/ml vs. 1,058 +/- 49 at the 2,000 ml stage, p < 0.01). The rise of plasma renin activity with losartan (221 +/- 26% at the 3,000 ml stage) was significantly greater than that without losartan (144 +/- 2.4%). Mean blood pressure decreased by 7% during apheresis with losartan, but blood pressure reduction was not accompanied by any complaints. These results suggest that AT1 receptor antagonists are safely used in patients treated by DSC-LDL apheresis.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1998

The new-concept full-face-type helmet with removable cheek pads.

BACKGROUND: The American College of Surgeons proposed a method of removing helmets. But the problem with full-face-type helmets is that their shape makes them difficult to remove. METHODS: A dummy doll was fixed to a smooth bed surface in the supine position, and a full-face-type helmet with a hook attached to the vertex was placed on the doll's head. A spring balance was attached to the hook, traction was applied to the helmet through the spring balance, and the maximum tension needed to completely remove the helmet was measured. RESULTS: A tension of 13.2 +/- 1.8 kg was found. But when cheek pads were removed, the tension required to remove the helmet was 1.7 +/- 0.2 kg. CONCLUSION: We devised a full-face-type helmet that uses removable cheek pads so that helmet removal can be performed safely by removing only the cheek pads in the event of an accident.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1998

Uptake of doxorubicin by cultured kidney epithelial cells LLC-PK1.

The renal handling of doxorubicin (DXR) was investigated using a kidney epithelial cell line, LLC-PK1. The uptake of DXR by LLC-PK1 cells cultured on plastic dishes was shown to be temperature and concentration dependent. The initial uptake of DXR was slightly saturable. The Km and Vmax of the saturable component were calculated to be 20.2 microM, and 0.355 nmol/mg protein/10 min, respectively. The release of DXR from LLC-PK1 cells was very slow at 37 degrees C and almost negligible at 4 degrees C, indicating that most of the DXR in the cells irreversibly binds to cellular constituents and that only a slight amount of unbound DXR participates in the efflux out of the cells. DXR uptake at 37 degrees C was significantly decreased in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol. However, organic cations and aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as tetraethylammonium, N1-methylnicotinamide, guanidine, gentamicin and neomycin, did not inhibit DXR uptake, suggesting that a process distinct from the organic cation transport system and absorptive endocytosis might be involved in the uptake of DXR by LLC-PK1 cells.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1998

Does binding of ouabain to human alpha1-subunit of Na+, K+-ATPase affect the ATPase activity of adjacent rat alpha1-subunit?

To ascertain whether ouabain binding to human alpha1-subunit influences coexpression of rat alpha1-subunit, the ouabain-sensitive profiles of Na+,K+-ATPase activity and 86Rb+ uptake activity and ouabain binding capacity were measured in HeLa cells stably expressing rat alpha1-subunit. The ouabain-sensitive profile of ATPase and 86Rb+ uptake activity seemed to be the sum of two components, one with high and one with low apparent affinity to ouabain, which were similar to that observed in HeLa and NRK-52E cells derived from human and rat, respectively. The ATPase activity with low sensitivity to ouabain increased in simple proportion to the amount of the rat alpha1 mRNA derived from transfected cDNA, which was determined by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. The turnover number of the human Na+,K+-ATPase activity obtained from the ratio of the Na+,K+-ATPase activity to the ouabain binding capacity is about 150/sec. The expression of the rat alpha1-subunit had no effect on the turnover numbers of the Na+,K+-ATPase activity with high affinity to ouabain estimated from the ouabain binding capacity as the active site concentration. These results suggested that the ouabain bound to human alpha1-subunit did not inhibit the ATPase activity of the coexpressing rat alpha1 in these cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Travelling Wave Solutions for the Spread of Farmers into a Region Occupied by Hunter-Gatherers

The geographical spread of an initially localized population of farmers into a region occupied by hunter-gatherers is modelled as a reaction-diffusion process in an infinite linear habitat. Hunter-gatherers who come in contact with farmers are converted at rate e. Growth of initial farmers, converted farmers, and hunter-gatherers is logistic with intrinsic rates rf, rc, and r h. The carrying capacities of all farmers (i.e., initial and converted farmers combined) and hunter-gatherers are K and L. Individuals migrate at random, where the diffusion constant, D, is the same for all three groups. Under the above assumptions, we deduce the conditions under which wavefronts of initial or converted farmers are generated. Numerical work suggests that a travelling wave solution of constant shape always exists, comprising an advancing wavefront of all farmers and a retreating wavefront of hunter-gatherers. Linear analysis in phase space suggests that the speed is given by 2(Drf)1/2 or 2[D(r c+eL)]1/2, whichever is greater. The composition of the expanding distribution of all farmers appears to depend on the relative magnitude of rf versus rc+eL and of eK versus rh. A wavefront of initial farmers is not generated if rf rh. On the other hand, a wavefront of initial farmers is generated if rf>rc+eL. In this case, the waveform is peaked with leading and trailing edges that converge to 0 if eK rh so that there is substantial displacement of the indigenous hunter-gatherers by the initial farmers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

[The transport of enoxacin in cultured kidney epithelial cells LLC-PK1].

In this study, the transport of enoxacin (ENX) was investigated in a LLC-PK1 kidney epithelial cell line. The uptake of ENX by LLC-PK1 monolayers cultured in plastic dishes was shown to be temperature-dependent and concentration-dependent. Cimetidine and guanidine inhibited the uptake of ENX, whereas TEA and NMN did not. The basolateral to apical flux of ENX across LLC-PK1 monolayers cultured on permeable supports was about two times larger than the apical to basolateral flux. The basolateral to apical flux of ENX was remarkably inhibited by guanidine, whereas it was not inhibited by TEA, NMN and cimetidine. The apical to basolateral flux of ENX was inhibited by cimetidine and guanidine, whereas it was not inhibited by TEA and NMN.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Transcriptional regulation of the vimentin-encoding gene in mouse myeloid leukemia M1 cells.

To investigate the regulatory mechanisms controlling expression of the vimentin-encoding gene (Vim) during mouse myeloid leukemia M1 cell differentiation, mouse Vim was cloned and the transcriptional activity of its 5' promoter region was analysed by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) assay. Analyses of various deletion mutants revealed that a 188-bp fragment of the proximal Vim promoter (pVim) was sufficient for effective transcription in M1 cells. This 188-bp sequence is highly conserved between mouse, hamster and human. Further deletion analyses revealed that a minimum promoter element (-44 to +26) is essential for basic promoter function and could respond to cell differentiation. Detailed analyses of mutant and chimeric pVim constructs defined a CCAAT box at -89 to -84 to be an essential positive regulatory element. A G+C-rich element between the CCAAT and TATA boxes was found to act as a strong negative regulatory element in Vim transcription.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A case of Evans's syndrome in which thrombocytopenia and hemolysis was improved by Sairei-to].

A 51-year-old male diagnosed as having Evans's syndrome in 1991 was treated with 25 mg of prednisolone, but his anemia and thrombocytopenia progressed. Thus, in November 1993, treatment was begun with Sairei-to, a Chinese herbal medicine consisting of several water-soluble plant extracts. Following administration of 9.0 g/day of Sairei-to granules along with prednisolone, the platelet count increased from 6.1 x 10(4)/microliters to 12.3 x 10(4)/microliters after one week, while hemoglobin levels rose from 9.5 g/dl to 12.0 g/dl after three weeks. The patient maintained a good physical condition after the prednisolone dose was reduced, although Coomb's test and PAIgG levels remained positive. Sairei-to-seems to be a promising therapeutic agent for steroid-resistant ITP and AIHA, and seems to have no side effects.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1993

Immunologic significance of increased soluble CD8/CD4 molecules in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus.

This study attempted to estimate soluble CD4(sCD4)/CD8(sCD8) molecules in active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Measurements were made by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. sCD8 or sCD4 molecules were significantly increased in the patients as compared to control subjects. sCD8 correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. sCD4 correlated with the anti DNA antibody titer, the IgG concentration, and negatively with the complement titer. An association of these molecules with immunologic abnormalities and disease activity exists in SLE patients.

CD4 Antigens↗
PubMed1993

Effects of age on c-fos and c-myc gene expression in response to hemodynamic stress in isolated, perfused rat hearts.

Using an ex vivo model we examined whether the age-associated modulation of proto-oncogene expression was due to the aging of the heart per se. In the two age groups of Wistar rats (2 and 18 months), expression of c-fos and c-myc genes was determined in isolated, isovolumically contracting hearts (balloon in the left ventricle) perfused with Tyrode's solution containing bovine serum and red blood cells. In both age groups, a c-fos signal was detected at 30 min, increased further at 60 min, and declined at 120 min, while the c-myc signal was detected at 60 min and increased for a further 120 min after initiation of perfusion at 25 mmHg of end-diastolic pressure (EDP). The expression of these genes by 60 min of relatively mild hemodynamic stress was depressed in old hearts compared to that in young hearts (c-fos at 0 (P < 0.05), 5 (P < 0.05) and 15 mmHg of EDP (P < 0.01); c-myc at 5 (P < 0.05) and 15 mmHg (P < 0.05)). The age-associated differences in the expression of these genes were smaller under severe hemodynamic stress (25 mmHg of EDP). Peak systolic and diastolic wall stress calculated from left ventricular pressure, cavity volume and muscle weight were similar in the two age groups. Thus, aging diminishes the expression of proto-oncogenes and seems to elevate the threshold at which hemodynamic stress to the heart results in a response at the gene level. The age-associated modulation is caused by aging of the heart per se.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

Increased cardiovascular responses to norepinephrine in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Sympathetic nerve-adrenergic receptor systems have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We studied plasma norepinephrine (NE) levels during exercise and cardiovascular responses to NE in 26 patients with nonobstructive HCM and 26 age- and sex-matched controls. There were no differences in the plasma NE levels at rest (201 +/- 84 vs 233 +/- 100 pg/ml) or in the slope of the log NE-heart rate relationship during exercise between the HCM patient and control groups. When NE was infused intravenously, with increasing doses to 0.20 microgram/kg/min, HCM patients displayed significantly greater increases in mean blood pressure (29 +/- 7 vs 14 +/- 5%, p less than 0.001) and peripheral vascular resistance (39 +/- 7 vs 26 +/- 7%, p less than 0.001) than controls. Although the fractional shortening decreased during NE infusion in controls, it was unaffected in HCM patients, despite a greater elevation of systolic pressure. The responses of left ventricular contractility, estimated by a ratio of systolic blood pressure to end-systolic dimension, were significantly greater in patients with HCM (31 +/- 7 vs 13 +/- 6%, p less than 0.001). These observations indicate that vasoconstrictive responses of the peripheral arteries and inotropic responses of the left ventricular muscle to NE were augmented in patients with HCM, while sympathetic nervous activity remained unchanged. Accordingly, we propose that increased activity of the cardiovascular adrenergic receptor systems, rather than enhanced sympathetic nervous function, may be related to the development of abnormal hypertrophy in HCM.

Adult↗