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M Shimamura

Publications and source records attributed to M Shimamura.

185 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
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Bacteremia resulting from prostatic surgery in patients with or without preoperative bacteriuria under perioperative antibiotic use.

We investigated the source of organisms detected in blood specimens obtained during and immediately following prostatic surgery under perioperative antibiotic use, as related to the results of cultures of preoperative urines and prostatic tissues. Ninety patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were studied. The incidence of bacteremia was 28.9%: 53.7% in patients with preoperative bacteriuria and 8.2% in those without bacteriuria, a significant difference (p < 0.01). Of these bacteremic patients, 5, who had preoperative bacteriuria, developed septicemia. Bacteremia developed more frequently in patients with positive than in those with negative prostatic cultures; this difference was significant (p < 0.05). The species in 80.8% of the isolates from blood specimens were identical with those isolated from preoperative urines, and the species in 53.8% were identical with those from prostatic tissues. These results indicate that in patients with urogenital infection, especially bacteriuria, septicemia can result from prostatic surgery even under perioperative antibiotic use. The incidence of postoperative bacteriuria was approximately 20% in the preoperative nonbacteriuric patients regardless of the duration of chemoprophylaxis.

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Effects of cytogenin, a novel microbial product, on embryonic and tumor cell-induced angiogenic responses in vivo.

Cytogenin (8-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-6-methoxyisocoumarin) is a new microbial product with antitumor and antirheumatoid arthritis effects in vivo when administered orally, although its mechanism(s) of action is not known well. Both neoplasia and rheumatoid arthritis are referred to as angiogenesis-dependent diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cytogenin on both physiological and pathological angiogenesis, using the growing chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane and mouse dorsal air sac assay systems, respectively. The microbial product at doses up to 100 micrograms/egg did not significantly affect embryonic angiogenesis when topically placed on the surface of the chorioallantoic membrane, suggesting that it has no effect on the physiological (or normal) angiogenic response. By contrast, systemic administration of cytogenin (100 mg/kg p.o., for 5 consecutive days) significantly suppressed angiogenesis induced by malignant tumor cells (S-180), one of pathological neovascularization, in a mouse dorsal air sac assay system. Pharmacokinetic studies in mice revealed that the maximal concentration of cytogenin in plasma after a single 100 mg/kg oral dose of the compound was 32 microM. In vitro experiments involving cultured vascular endothelial cells showed that cytogenin at concentrations determined by pharmacokinetic study, had little effect on plasminogen activator secretion, tube formation and the proliferation of endothelial cells. These results suggest that cytogenin is a novel oral antiangiogenic agent, that the mechanism of its antiangiogenic action contributes to its suppressive effects on both tumor growth and rheumatoid arthritis that we previously found, and that it could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and other angiogenesis-dependent disorders such as diabetic retinopathy.

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