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Biomedical subjects

M Shimamura

Publications and source records attributed to M Shimamura.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Effects of bezafibrate on erythrocyte membrane phospholipids in alcohol-treated rats.

Male rats of the Wistar strain were divided 4 groups, and give a liquid diet of control feed, bezafibrate (150 mg/kg), ethanol, and ethanol plus bezafibrate for 5 week. The effect of bezafibrate supplementation on rats fed ethanol was examined in terms of the fatty acid composition of the phospholipids in the erythrocyte membrane. In the phospholipids profiles of erythrocyte membranes, PI was significantly decreased. The decrease in PI caused by bezafibrate appeared to substantially affect the membrane and consequently lead to changes in the membrane anchor. In the fatty acid composition of the PC, C20: 4 was significantly decreased in the group receiving alcohol (p < 0.05) but increased in the groups receiving bezafibrate (p < 0.05). In the fatty acid composition of the PE, C16: 0 was significantly increased in the three groups when compared with the control, and C20: 4 was decreased in the alcohol group (p < 0.05). In the fatty acid of SM and PI, C20: 4 was decreased and C18: 0 increased in the alcohol group. In the PS, C14: 0 was increased in the alcohol group, and decreased in the alcohol plus bezafibrate group (p < 0.01). The levels of arachidonic acid in the total fatty acids that constituted the membrane phospholipids were decreased in the rats given ethanol (p < 0.05). However, arachidonic acid in the group of bezafibrate supplementation on rats fed ethanol were elevated in comparison with the alcohol group (p < 0.05). With decreasing arachidonic acid as a marker of alcohol tissue injury following chronic alcohol intake, the effects of bezafibrate supplementation appear to contribute to membrane fluidity by altering the biochemical flexibility of the membrane.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1996

[A case of ureteropelvic junction stenosis accompanied by a valve-like structure in the renal pelvis].

A 9-year-old girl visited our clinic with recurrent high fever as her chief complaint. Her excretory urogram showed only a few dilated upper calyces. Retrograde pyelography revealed ureteropelvic junction stenosis with hydronephrosis, so that the ureteral catheter could not be passed through the ureteropelvic junction. A fold-like filling defect was also seen above the ureteropelvic junction. At operation the ureteropelvic junction was found to be markedly obstructed, and a semilunar valve-like structure was also observed above it. The valve-like structure was seen where the fold-like filling defect appeared on the retrograde pyelogram. En bloc resection of the lower part of the renal pelvis with the valve-like structure and the ureteropelvic junction was performed, followed by dismembered uretero-pyeloplasty. Histologically, the valve-like structure was a transverse mucosal fold with a muscle layer and without adventitia. Many cases of ureteral valves have been reported, but none with valves or valve-like structures within the renal pelvis as in our case.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Germ-line transcription of the T cell receptor delta gene in mouse hematopoietic cell lines.

T cell receptor (TCR) genes are initially activated in hematopoietic stem cells that have been committed to the T cell lineage during ontogeny. We have established cell lines derived from hematopoietic organs which express truncated TCR delta mRNA (1.3 kbp). In this study, cDNA clones of this mRNA were analyzed to characterize TCR delta gene activation in early T cell development. Transcription started from an intron between D delta 2 and J delta 1, 72 bp upstream from J delta 1, and continued to J delta 1 and C delta exons, which were directly spliced to J delta 1. Thus, the truncated mRNA expressed by the cell lines was determined to be a germ-line transcript. The promoter activity of the DNA fragment between D delta 2 and J delta was assessed by its ability to drive the transcription of a reporter gene linked to it in the cell line expressing the TCR delta germ-line transcript. TCR delta germ-line transcription was found not only in these cell lines but also in fetal liver and thymus cells. These findings indicate that the TCR delta germ-line transcription is a naturally occurring event in developing T cells. The significance of germ-line transcription of TCR delta genes is unknown, but it may be an event that follows T-lineage commitment or, at least, may be closely associated with this commitment.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Characteristics of the inhibitory effect of mitoxantrone and pirarubicin on lung metastases of colon carcinoma 26.

This study was performed to evaluate the antimetastatic activity of antitumor agents against metastatic colon carcinoma 26 (Co 26Lu), and to investigate their mechanisms of action. Pirarubicin demonstrated the most striking antitumor activity in mice bearing intravenously injected Co 26Lu cells. Etoposide and mitoxantrone also showed marked antitumor activity. Pirarubicin and mitoxantrone also exerted remarkable inhibitory effect on spontaneous lung metastases from subcutaneously implanted Co 26Lu. Pirarubicin showed marked inhibition of both primary tumor growth and lung metastases. Mitoxantrone was effective in preventing lung metastases even at doses that did not exhibit an antitumor effect on the primary tumor. Moreover, mitoxantrone administered two days after intravenous injection of tumor cells obviously reduced the number of lung colonies, while simultaneous injection of the drug did not inhibit colony formation. Mitoxantrone effectively inhibited angiogenesis on the chorioallantoic membrane at doses that did not affect the growth rate of embryos. These results suggest that mitoxantrone, besides its direct antitumor effect on tumor cells, may inhibit lung metastases by inhibiting angiogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[An experiment on drinking using breath alcohol monitor (Alcomed 3010) by an electrochemical method].

A drinking experiment was performed to evaluate the efficiency of a breath alcohol monitor, Alcomed 3010. The ethanol concentrations in blood and breath were determined by gas chromatography, and in particular the breath ethanol concentration was determined with the breath alcohol monitor and by gas chromatography. The results obtained by two methods were compared. Based on the blood and breath ethanol concentrations, the following conclusions were drawn reading the breath alcohol monitor. The monitor has practical merit for determination of the breath ethanol level. It is small, usable anywhere, with little error in determination. In measuring principle, tobacco and acetone did not affected levels with the meter, but methanol, n-propanol and n-butanol affected determinations with the alcohol monitor. The breath (AM)/blood (GC) ethanol ratio was 1:2555. Comparison of the values determined with the alcohol monitor and gas chromatography yielded the equation: y = 0.998 x +/- 0.012 (r = 0.994). When determinations were made on the pure ethanol gas by the meter and gas chromatograph, the equation was: y = 0.974 x +/- 0.021 (r = 0.994). It may be said therefore that the alcohol monitor is both practically and functionally excellent.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Continent urinary diversion with the Florida pouch].

From October 1990 through June 1993, the Florida pouch, a continent urinary reservoir using the ascending colon and the dexter half of the transverse colon was constructed in 7 patients after cystectomy for invasive tumor. Concerning the length of the efferent limb, although 10 cm was adopted in the first three cases, we shortened it and finally considered 8 cm to be the adequate length. Although the capacity of the reservoir ranged from 90 ml to 180 ml immediately after operation, an increase of capacity by three times or more within three months after operation was seen. The patients performed self-catheterization 4-5 times during the day and 0-2 times at night for volumes ranging from 300 to 600 ml. Continent colonic urinary diversion did not appear to create either any significant acid-base changes or azotemia in patients with normal renal function. Every patient received both a serum value evaluation and an absorption test for vitamin B12 (Schilling test). Although there were no patients with a reduced serum vitamin B12 level, one patient showed a slightly low absorption value. Because there is a large quantity of vitamin B12 reserve in the liver, it must be emphasized that even when the entero-hepatic circulation has been injured by surgical interruption of the intestinal tract, it may be years before reduced serum vitamin B12 value become apparent. Accordingly, the vitamin B12 absorption test should be performed regardless of the ileal length incorporated into the resection.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Transmission of maternal blood cells to the fetus during pregnancy: detection in mouse neonatal spleen by immunofluorescence flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction.

Mouse embryos were transferred to allogeneic pseudopregnant foster mothers and the cells of the resultant neonates were analyzed for the expression of maternal major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens to elucidate maternal cell transmission to the fetus during pregnancy. Expression of maternal-type MHC antigens was detected in the spleen but not in the liver or thymus of the neonates in analyses by immunofluorescence flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction. These findings provide evidence, on the molecular basis, that maternal blood cells are transmitted to the fetus through the placenta.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Fibroepithelial polyp of the verumontanum. A case report and literature review.

A case of fibroepithelial polyp of the verumontanum in a 20-year-old male is presented. The endoscopic examination revealed polypoid lesion protruding from the verumontanum, and transurethral resection of the tumour was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was fibroepithelial polyp, containing no prostatic glandular structures. As the nomenclature of the lesions is widely varying, we tried to classify polypoid or papillary lesions of the prostatic urethra by a literature review.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Proportionality of protease activities in malignant cells to their metastatic potentials.

It has been suggested that the activities of type IV collagenase and/or ectopeptidases possessed by malignant cells are related to their metastatic potentials. In the present study, we examined the activities of three aminopeptidases, two serine proteases, as well as type IV collagenase, in three kinds of cell lines of malignant cells. The activities of the aminopeptidases and serine proteases, rather than of type IV collagenase, were found to be proportionate to the metastatic potentials of those cell lines. Such activities of aminopeptidases were effectively suppressed by the addition of low molecular weight inhibitors.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Simultaneous measurement of alcohols and hydrogen cyanide in biological specimens using headspace gas chromatography.

We attempted to analyze biological specimens simultaneously for alcohols and hydrogen cyanide. A headspace gas chromatographic method with thick film wide bore column (PEG 20M) for the simultaneous determinations of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and hydrogen cyanide in blood has been developed. This method was applied for the determinations of methanol, ethanol and hydrogen cyanide in a forensic autopsy case and animal experiments.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1994

Repulsive contribution of surface sialic acid residues to cell adhesion to substratum.

Roles of surface sialic acid residues in cell adhesion to substratum were investigated in model systems to clarify their contribution to intercellular interactions. Treatment of cells of a fibroblastic cell line, Swiss 3T3, an epithelial cell line, TES-1, and a T lymphoma cell line, BW5147, with a sialylated oligosaccharide binding lectin enhanced adhesion to plastic plates irrespective of the cell lineage. This enhancement was inhibited by the addition of sialyl lactose. Digestion of the cells with sialidase or endoglycoceramidase also augmented adhesion. On the other hand, adhesion was reduced by pre-coating plastic plates with gangliosides but not with desialylated gangliosides. These findings suggest that sialic acid residues exposed to cell surfaces negatively regulate cell adhesiveness.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical experience with the CHAUX multi-purpose retractor].

We have performed dissection of the ITA using the CHAUX retractor in many patients. This retractor is a two-point sternal/IMA and valve retractor, with four sternal blades with individual and independent dual movement. The sliding sternal blade assemblies permit movement along the horizontal plane of the side arm. This retractor can be used for other types of cardiac surgery, as well. We obtained good results with its use for repair of distal aortic arch aneurysm. We conclude that this retractor is safe and useful for cardiac surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Angiotensin III is a new chemoattractant for polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

To clarify the role of angiotensin III (ANGIII) in inflammation, we examined the effect of ANGIII on the chemotaxis of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). The elicitation of PMN chemotaxis by ANGIII was dose dependent with an optimum dose of 10(-10) M. The time course for ANGIII-elicited chemotaxis showed a maximal level at 90 min, but N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) elicited a maximal level of chemotaxis at 60 min. When ANGIII (10(-10) M) and FMLP (10(-7) M) were given in combination, the level of chemotaxis elicited was not significantly different from the levels attained with each peptide alone, suggesting that a similar pathway of signal transduction might be involved in the chemotaxis of PMNs elicited by ANGIII and FMLP. Thus, ANGIII is a new chemoattractant for PMNs that may use a signal transduction pathway similar to, but different from, that used by FMLP.

Angiotensin III↗
PubMed1993

Kinetic study on p-tyramine metabolism in humans using stable isotope-labeled tracers.

A sensitive method for the determination of p-tyramine was developed using gas chromatography-chemical ionization mass spectrometry. This method was combined with a stable isotope tracer technique to study p-tyramine metabolism in humans. [2H]5-Phenylalanine was administered orally to men (5 mg/kg) as a tracer and the amounts of [2H]4-p-tyramine excreted into urine were determined at each hour. Excretion of [2H]4-p-tyramine was maximal between 1 and 2 hours following administration, at about 15 ng/kg.h in healthy adult men. Possible application in the study of metabolic disorders in human was demonstrated.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1993

Percutaneous injection sclerotherapy with minocycline hydrochloride for simple renal cysts.

Minocycline hydrochloride as a sclerosant for the treatment of simple renal cysts was evaluated. Cyst puncture was performed, and minocycline hydrochloride solution for intravenous administration was injected after aspiration. Of 154 cysts evaluated by ultrasound after 3 months or more, 69 were no longer demonstrable, 49 showed 50% or greater reduction in the maximum cyst diameter, and only 8 were unchanged or slightly increased in size. In contrast, only 1 of 20 cysts aspirated without minocycline hydrochloride injection (controls) showed 50% or greater reduction after 3 months. There was a significant difference in the reduction rates between the minocycline-treated group and control group (p < 0.01). These results suggest that minocycline hydrochloride is an effective sclerosant to treat simple renal cysts.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Inhibition of angiogenesis by erbstatin, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase.

Here we describe the inhibitory effect of erbstatin, a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on in vivo angiogenesis. Inhibition of angiogenesis was determined in a bioassay system involving chorioallantoic membranes of growing chick embryos. Erbstatin produced a dose-dependent inhibitory action on embryonic angiogenesis. This inhibition occurred at as small a dose as 10 ng/egg and the ID50 value was 80 ng/egg. To analyze this inhibition, in vitro experiments involving vascular endothelial cells were also performed. Erbstatin affected the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, one of angiogenic components. This inhibition was dose-dependent, the IC50 value being 3.6 microM. These data indicate that erbstatin-sensitive tyrosine kinase(s) is involved in angiogenic endothelial cell proliferation, and that experiments involving erbstatin will provide an important due to understand a mechanism of angiogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Changes in free and bound alcohol metabolites in the urine during ethanol oxidation.

Free and bound ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetate, acetone and methanol in urine during alcohol oxidation were analyzed by means of a head space gas chromatography. Four healthy male volunteers drank beer for 20 min with 16 ml/kg for non-flushers (A, B) and 8 ml/kg for flushers (C, D). In the urine, the highest bound ethanol levels were between 0.5-1.1 mM for the non-flushers (NF) and 0.2-0.3 mM for the flushers (F). The urine free ethanol levels were 23-70 times as high as bound ethanol levels. The maximum free acetaldehyde in urine was 11-13 microM for the NF and 26-55 microM for the F. The urine bound acetaldehyde levels were 4-5 microM for the NF and 7-15 microM for the F. Urine acetaldehyde existed in free forms at 2.4-3.6 times as high concentrations as in bound forms during ethanol oxidation. The urine free acetate ranged between 0.3-2.0 mM. The bound acetate varied between 0.7-1.1 mM. The urine free methanol at 70-110 microM before the intake increased to 104-180 microM. The bound methanol reached to 78-126 microM from 48-97 microM before the intake. Ethanol levels in the urine were ethanol dose-dependent, whereas it was thought that free and bound acetaldehyde or acetate reflected individual metabolic abilities and not the amount of ethanol consumed.

Acetaldehyde↗