PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Siegert

Publications and source records attributed to M Siegert.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Occurrence of oligoclonal gammaglobulin in the CSF of children with prolonged and chronic CNS-infections.

CSF-proteins of 1770 children and adolescents with different neurological diseases and of 75 controls were examined by zone electrophoresis in agarose gel electrophoresis and by immunofixation electrophoresis. The quantitative evaluation of the phoretograms by an analog computer revealed oligoclonal changes of the gamma-globulin profile in 53 patients with subacute or chronic CNS-infections and in 5 children with a medulloblastoma. Seventeen of 37 children with congenital infections had 1--5 oligoclonal gamma-fractions consisting of IgG. Five to seven oligoclonal IgG fractions were detected in each of 16 children with SSPE. All 6 adolescents with multiple sclerosis had 2--5 oligoclonal IgG fractions. One to five oligoclonal gamma-bands occurred transiently in the CSF of 4 children with prolonged meningoencephalitis caused by different viruses, in 3 children with a prolonged non-bacterial meningitis of probable viral origin, in 2 infants with prolonged bacterial meningitis after corticosteroid therapy, and in 1 child with prolonged bacterial meningitis during cytostatic therapy. Four to six oligoclonal gamma-subfractions were found at different times during progressive viral encephalitis that developed during maintenance therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and in 2 patients with chronic meningoencephalitis of unknown origin. Since oligoclonal gamma-globulin was detected almost invariably in the CSF of patients with prolonged or chronic neurologic infections, this finding implies persistence of antigens in the CNS and pathologic invasion of lymphocytes with selective proliferation of antigen-stimulated clones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Changes of CSF-protein pattern in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during prophylactic CNS therapy (Berlin protocol).

The cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)-protein profiles of ten children with previously untreated acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis. The profiles were determined at diagnosis and during the fifth to eighth week of treatment when preventive therapy for central nervous system (CNS) leukemia (skull irradiation, intrathecal methotrexate (ithMTX) was administered. The profiles were compared with those obtained from a control group of 67 children and those from 42 patients with acute aseptic meningitis. The data from the latter group demonstrated the CSF-protein pattern of partial blood-CSF barrier (B-CSF-B) breakdown. The children with ALL showed no or only minor signs of a B-CSF-B impairment at diagnosis and after four weeks of systemic treatment. However, CSF changes indicative of a lesion of the B-CSF-B increased in all children continuously during CNS prophylaxis. The protein profile at the end of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy was very similar to that in patients with acute aseptic meningitis. These observations point to neurotoxic side effects on the CNS barrier system with the combination of cranial radiation and ithMTX. A striking finding was restricted heterogeneity of gamma-globulin, observed in the CSF of nine out of the ten children with ALL before or during treatment. The significance of this abnormality is unknown.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1980

Binding of perazine to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein.

The high-affinity binding of perazine to human serum-protein (non-albumin binding) was previously investigated by gel-chromatography. The immunoelectrophoretic identification of the binding agent as alpha 1-acid glycoprotein is described here. It was demonstrated by equilibrium dialysis that the average free fraction of 3H-perazine added to 22 sera from patients before neuroleptic treatment was 3.67 +/- 0.42%, and that there was a significant correlation between the alpha 1-acid glycoprotein content and the free fraction in these serum samples. This result is in accordance with what others have found for imipramine. It is suggested that the nature of this binding should be studied in more detail, since specific binding to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein may be related to the receptor binding of perazine and possibly other drugs.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1979

Occurrence of M-proteins in the CSF of a child with prolonged meningococcal meningitis.

CSF of a 4-month-old boy with prolonged, meningococcal meningitis revealed oligoclonal immunoglobulin G about 10 weeks after hospital admission. These proteins persisted for at least 4 months. In contrast to this child, a further 10 infants and young children with bacterial meningitis, whose CSF was examined between 4 weeks and 6 3/4 months subsequent to onset of the disease, showed no such abnormality. Since the presented boy was the only patient treated with a corticosteroid, his altered immune reaction could be related to the immunosuppressive effect of this drug.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Febrile convulsions and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.

Three single CSF proteins with different molecular size (albumin, immunoglobulin G, and alpha2-macroglobulin) were determined by the method of electroimmunoassay in 61 children with febrile convulsions (FC) in order to evaluate the permeability of the blood-CSF barrier (B-CSF-B). Forty-two children with acute extracerebral infection served as controls. In contrast to a group of 22 children who suffered from acute meningoencephalitis or encephalitis, the CSF values of 48 children with FC were within normal limits. Thus even a very mild form of inflammatory encephalopathy-undetectable with conventional CSF investigation-was excluded in the majority of the children with FC. In 11 patients, however, CSF concentrations of albumin and alpha2-macroglobulin were abnormally raised, indicating a B-CSF-B distrubance. Elevated albumin values were found most frequently. In several children with FC lasting more than 20-30 min, B-CSF-B damage was probably caused by prolonged seizure activity since there is a linear correlation between albumin concentration and duration of convulsions. Several other factors known to raise the children's risk of developing epilepsy in later life were associated with the protein pattern of B-CSF-B disturbance in some of the children. In these cases, the cause of abnormal permeability of B-CSF-B is unknown and the condition might have existed prior to the occurrence of seizures.

Albumins↗
PubMed1977

Oligoclonal gamma-globulin banding of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Comparison of the electrophoretic pattern with that in multiple sclerosis and congenital infections.

Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 8 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) was examined by agarose gel electrophoresis. In comparison with normal controls and children with different neurological diseases (including infections, tumours and degenerative diseases) the quantitative evaluation of the pherograms by an analog computer revealed an extreme change of the gamma-globulin profile. All cases showed 6-7 abnormal subfractions consisting of 2-4 tall, markedly protruding spikes and several small intermediate fractions. The oligoclonal gamma-globulin contributed 20.1-42.5% to total protein. This particular gamma-globulin profile seems to be highly indicative of the diagnosis of SSPE. It can be distinguished from the oligoclonal pattern in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) and congenital infections. The CSF protein profile of 13 patients with MS was different from that in SSPE in that it showed 1-5 monoclonal gamma-fractions in every case with none or only one peak protuding more markedly. The percentage of all subfractions amounted to 4.5-23.8% of total protein. As in MS, the aspect of oligoclonality in 9 children with congenital infections (cytomegalic inclusion body disease, toxoplasmosis and rubella) was quite variable, as again 1-5 abnormal subfractions were detected. Their relative concentrations, on the whole ranging from 0.6-12% of total protein, was considerably lower than in SSPE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Agarose gel electrophoresis of cerebrospinal fluid proteins and analysis of the pherogram profiles by analog computer.

A micro-method of agarose gel electrophoresis requiring 1--3 ml of cerebrospinal fluid for quantitative analysis of cerebrospinal fluid proteins is described. After concentration of CSF to about 50 microliter by ultrafiltration and refractometric determination of protein, approximately 20--40 microgram of total protein are used for electrophoresis. Photometric scanning of the electrophoretic pattern at two different wavelengths permits quantitative evaluation. The pherograms are analysed by means of a modified DU-PONT analog computer. Factors which influence quantitative electrophoresis are examined. In cerebrospinal fluid of normal children 15 protein fractions are demonstrated: 2 prealbumins, albumin, 5 alpha-, 3 beta- and 4 gamma-globulins.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The effect of various stains on quantitative agarose-gel electrophoresis: evaluation of the results with the aid of an analog computer.

The effect of dyes of varying purity and with different binding mechanisms on quantitative electrophoresis was examined with the aid of agarose-gel electrophoresis, the phoretogram curves being evaluated with an analog computer. Concurrent quantitative results were obtained with the three dyes tested, viz. Amido Black 10 B, Ponceau Red S and Procion Brilliant Blue. It is concluded that no falsification of electrophoresis results will be caused by dyes with colour-producing secondary components.

Amido Black↗
PubMed1976

Protein patterns of the cerebrospinal fluid in children with cerebral palsy.

Cerebrospinal fluid in 69 children with cerebral palsy (CP) of different etiology was examined by an improved method of agarose-gel electrophoresis. The protein pattern was normal in 12 cases only. In children with CP caused by congenital and postnatal infections raised psi-globulin fractions and the appearance of oligoclonal phi-globulin bands were the most obvious finding. In patients with CP due to malformations or perinatal brain damage and in children with CP of unknown etiology decreased prealbumin and increased albumin values were combined with hydrocephalus e vacuo in about half of the cases. Less frequent changes of the beta-globulin fractions were found, an increase of the beta-fraction being more rare than a decrease of the tau-globulin.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

[The relationship between age and the cerebrospinal fluid protein profile profile of normal children. Cellulose acetate and agarose gel electrophoretic studies].

Neuropädiatrie 6: 383--397 (1975). CSF samples of 63 normal children 2 days to 14 years of age were concentrated (ultrafiltration in "Kollodiumhülsen") and examined by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate and agarose gel. In the CSF of all children 7 protein fractions were found by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Analysing the pherograms by the means of an analog computer 15 fractions could be separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Compared with the children of school age the newborn showed low prealbumin, beta1-globulin and tau-globulin fractions besides high albumin and gamma-globulin concentrations owing to an increased permeability of the blood-CSF barrier. During the following weeks a low prealbumin and a high albumin fraction still was found. Children from 3 month to 2 years of age showed a moderate increase of the relative prealbumin and beta1-globulin concentration in comparison with older children. The gamma-globulin fraction was lowest beyond the third month of life and increased again in the group of the 2--14 years old children. The variation of the protein profile with age could not only be demonstrated by the more difficult agarose gel electrophoresis but also by a simple technique of cellulose acetate electrophoresis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Systemic error during measurement of dp/dt using conventional heart catheters and their correction].

The influence of 4 different types of conventional cardiac catheter on the systemic error during measurements of dp/dt was investigated by testing the frequency response. This was done by coupling on end of the fluid-filled catheters to a newly developed sine wave pressure generator (0-100 Hz), and the other end ot a pressure transducer (Statham 23 Db). The obtained electrical signal was preamplified and differentiated by means of a differentiation amplifier (linear rise up to 20 Hz). Also investigated was to what extent the dp/dt registration (UV-Oscilloscope) could be improved by damping the signal by means of electrical low pass filters.

Blood Pressure Determination↗