Biomedical subjects
M Simó
Publications and source records attributed to M Simó.
[Transient global amnesia as a manifestation of cerebellar metastasis].
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[Evaluation of transcutaneous oxygen pressure in adults with respiratory pathology].
The usefulness of the transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcPO2) in adults is under controversy. In a varied group of respiratory patients, results of the application of this method were compared with those from the arterial blood sampling method. Thirty-eight arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and tcPO2 simultaneous determinations were made in a group of 22 patients, while in a sitting position; the tcPO2 measurements obtained (68 +/- 12.36 Torr) were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than the PaO2 values (74 +/- 13.07 Torr). The correlation coefficient was 0.51 (p less than 0.01) with a regression line, tcPO2 = 31.58 + 0.48 PaO2. It is concluded that tcPO2 measurement does not correlate well with PaO2 and that this method cannot be always be safely applied and used in adults with respiratory diseases.
[Multiple symmetrical lipomatosis associated with hepatic cirrhosis and alcoholism. An etiopathological relation?].
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[Primary sclerosing cholangitis: presentation of 2 cases].
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[Diagnosis and assessment of therapeutic response of bone metastases by bone scintigraphy and PET study].
Nuclear medicine plays an important role in staging and evaluation of the initial extension and response to treatment of bone metastases. In order to accurately read Bone Scintigraphy (BS) and Positron Emission Tomography scan (PET) procedures, it is essential to understand the different behavior of these studies. We present a case report of a woman treated for breast cancer, with suspicion of recurrent disease due to increase of tumor markers. Initial BS showed non-conclusive findings, whereas PET study was consistent with a spread of bone metastases. The patient underwent both procedures again after a course of chemotherapy. Post-treatment BS showed progression of bone lesions, while PET showed good therapeutic response. The PET demonstrates lesions earlier and more effectively than the bone scintigraphy in the evaluation of the therapeutic response of bone metastases.
[Utility of [18F] FDG PET to differentiate malignancy and benignancy in lung tumours].
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[Clinical impact of PET in pediatrics].
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[Positron emission tomography (PET): application in urogenital system oncologic diseases].
OBJECTIVE: To review and discuss the applications of positron emission tomography (PET), with special reference to genitourinary tumors. METHODS: Our experience and the relevant literature on PET are reviewed. The principles and technical aspects of PET, the different parameters analyzed, its clinical indications, applications in genitourinary tumors and research are discussed. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: Positron emission tomography (PET) permits visualization and determination in vivo of a number of tissue and organ physiologic and biomolecular parameters. PET is also used for biomedical research and is especially useful for research and development of new drugs, tumor biomolecular phenotyping and for monitoring gene therapy. It has also proved to be a useful non-invasive diagnostic imaging technique in the clinical setting with an excellent cost-effectiveness in cancer patients. Fluor-deoxyglucose-F18 or FDG is the only radiotracer with a clinical application. PET detects the intense tumor uptake of FDG due to the higher glycolytic index of tumor cells. The PET tomograms allow performing a complete study of the whole body in the same session. The clinical indications of FDG PET that are currently accepted and established are: diagnosis of benign versus malignant solitary lung nodule, pre-treatment study to determine the extent of non-small cell lung cancer, localization and re-staging of colorectal cancer recurrence, extent and post-treatment assessment of lymphomas and extent of recurrent malignant melanoma. The application of FDG PET in genitourinary cancer is controversial. It does not appear to be useful in the initial diagnosis of primary prostatic, bladder and kidney tumors. Its clinical yield appears to be better for localizing recurrence and re-staging patients with increased prostatic specific antigen (PSA) levels after treatment of a primary prostatic tumor. Furthermore, it can also be used to determine the extent of hypernephroma and malignant bladder tumor suspected to be metastatic at the initial diagnosis. In testicular germ cell tumors, FDG PET can be a very useful tool for pre-treatment staging and to evaluate post-treatment residual masses.
[Intelligence and prognosis in severe traumatic brain injury: a neuropsychological study with the Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS-III)].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of the Wechsler adult intelligence scale III (WAIS-III) as a measure of intelligence after severe brain injury, and to elucidate prognostic factors associated with intelligence coefficients (IQs). METHODS: Forty-six patients (age: 27.4 +/- 12.8 years) attending our service after a severe head injury were included in our study (chronicity: 315.3 +/- 330 days after injury). All patients were assessed with the WAIS-III. WAIS-III IQs were correlated (Pearson and Spearman) with clinical and demographic data. A significance level of p < 0.05 was used in all comparisons. IQs between 1 and 2 standard deviation (SD) below normative data were considered "mild abnormal" while indexes below 2 SD were considered "abnormal". RESULTS: Only eleven patients (25 %) showed normal total IQ with predominance of manipulative (77.7 %) compared to verbal (64.5 %) impairment. Thirty-eight patients (95 %) had difficulties in speed processing, thirty-six (85.6 %) had problems with working-memory, twenty-five (62.5 %) showed impairments in perceptual organization, and twenty-six (62 %) had verbal comprehension deficits. WAIS-III IQs showed significant correlations with length of coma and posttraumatic amnesia duration (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The WAIS-III is a valid and sensible tool to detect cognitive deficits associated with brain injury. Almost all patients with severe brain injury show abnormal IQs with a slow processing speed as predominant symptom. Length of coma and posttraumatic amnesia seems to be the most relevant parameter related to intelligence in severe brain-injured patients.
[Subjective experience with antipsychotics: quantitative evaluation].
INTRODUCTION: The subjective experience of psychotic patients with neuroleptics has been the purpose of many studies, considering its importance in treatment adherence, quality of life and outcome. Many authors have developed measurement instruments applicable in everyday clinical practice. The scale objectives defer in hues, but have the subjective perspective in common. METHOD: Questionnaires designed for evaluating subjective experience with antipsychotics, appearing in PUBMED during the last 40 years, have been collected. RESULTS: Ten scales for evaluating the subjective experience with antipsychotics: NDS, DRI, DAI-30, DAI-10, ROMI, SWN, SWN (short version), MARS, ANT and PETiT, were found. Their advantages and limitations have been analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: We have checked out that the contents of each scale do not overlap. It is proposed to differentiate between ((dysphoria response to neuroleptics)) as an acute effect and the ((subjective experience)) as complex effect of long term compliance.
[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, multiorgan failure and peripheral polyneuropathy].
The Malignant Neuroleptic Syndrome (MNS) is characterised by the acute appearance of hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, loss of motor control, and alterations in the level of consciousness, which could prove fatal if not rapidly diagnosed and treated. It is held to be a serious idiosyncratic reaction which appears in patients being treated with neuroleptics, independently of the dosage and the length of time the drug has been prescribed. Relapses do not usually occur when the drug is re-prescribed, once the acute phase has been passed, which suggests the existence of predisposing factors. There are frequent complications (acute respiration difficulties, acute kidney failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiorganic failure) which condition the prognosis. The treatment consists of the suppression of the neuroleptic, rehydration, and specific drugs (bromocryptine, sodium dantroline). We have analysed two new cases which reacted badly, one of them with a multiorganic failure and the other, who had a good initial therapeutical response but who went on to develop a peripheral neuropathy, an infrequent complication in international medical casebooks.