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Biomedical subjects

M Simkovicová

Publications and source records attributed to M Simkovicová.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Evidence of enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) in strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various biological materials].

Among 413 strains of S. aureus isolated from patients with chronic staphylococcal infections, from haemocultures in bacteriaemia and septic conditions, from gynaecological materials and nasal plugs of healthy carriers the authors detected the production of one or several types of enterotoxins in 124 strains (30.0%), production of TSST-1 in 19 strains (4.6%) and the concurrent production of enterotoxins and TSST-1 in 38 strains (9.2%). The highest ratio of toxigenic strains of S. aureus was found in departments (51.4%) and from hospitalized patients in blood cultures in bacteriaemias and septic conditions (41.2%). In a group of 184 strains from patients with chronic staphylococcal infection toxin production was proved in 49 strains (26.6%). Of 74 strains of S. aureus isolated from healthy carriers there were 16 toxigenic strains (21.6%). The most frequent type of enterotoxins were enterotoxins type A (26.7%) and C (24.4%). 21 strains (24.4%) produced more than one type of enterotoxins.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed2001

[Coagulase negative staphylococci isolated on blood cultures].

224 coagulase-negative strains of staphylococci (CNS) isolated from haemocultures of hospitalized patients were classified into 11 types. The most frequent one was S. epidermis (73.2%), S. haemolyticus (7.6%), S. lugdunensis (6.7%) and S. hominis (3.6%). In different strains virulence factors were assessed: production of mucus and delta toxin. Based on these properties the strains were classified into biotypes. Of 164 strains of S. epidermis mucus was produced by 64.6% and delta toxin by 75.0%. Of 17 strains of S. haemolyticus mucus was produced by 8 and delta toxin by 10 strains. Of 15 strains of S. lugdunensis 9 strains produced both virulence factors. Of 8 strains of S. hominis 5 strains produced mucus and 3 delta toxin. In strains S. capitis, S. sciuri, S. auricularis, S. caprae these factors were not detected. The most frequent biotypes were: subtype 3 (43.3%), 1a (26.8%) and 1b (10.3%). The sensitivity of CNS to 11 antibacterial substances was assessed quantitatively by estimating the MIC (mg/l). The most effective antibiotic was vancomycin (100%) and tetracycline (76.8%). Only 26.3% strains were sensitive to oxacillin and cefalotine. Of 224 CNS (70%) were resistant to more than 8 antibacterial substances.

Coagulase↗
PubMed1996

[Triple combination antimicrobial therapy of Helicobacter pylori and basal levels of serum gastrin].

BACKGROUND: The etiopathogenic relationship of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection to chronic active antrumgastritis and peptic ulcer disease has been confirmed by a number of studies. The key role in the development of peptic lesions belongs to hypergastrinemia. This is supposed to be related to ammonium synthesis in the antral area influenced (promoted by HP and resulting in interruption) weakening of the negative feedback mechanism maintaining intraluminal acidity. OBJECTIVES: In our present study we focus our attention to the effectiveness of triple antimicrobial therapy in HP positive patients with chronic active antrumgastritis residing in the lowering of the level of serum gastrin. METHODS: There was a group of 15 patients in our current study with HP positivity as well as chronic active antrumgastritis documented by endoscopy, histology, microbiology and serology respectively. Endoscopical and histological findings were classified according to "The Sydney System". The whole group was evaluated on an ambulatory basis, those with active ulcer, endocrinopathy and biliary tract disorders were excluded. The basal level of serum gastrin was evaluated by RIA-test-gastrin before and after successful antimicrobial therapy. RESULTS: In our group of 15 patients with HP infection in coexistence with chronic active antrumgastritis we have found a significant decrease in the basal level of serum gastrin (p = 0,01) after successful therapy. CONCLUSION: The decrease in the basal level of serum gastrin after eradication of HP confirms the importance of HP infection in the pathogenesis of peptic lesions in stomach and duodenum. We consider the antimicrobial therapy in chronic active antrumgastritis in HP positive patients to be a fully indicated therapeutic approach. (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 10.).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The effect of antibiotics and their combinations on Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro].

During the ten year period (1981-1990) of detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility towards anti-Pseudomonas antibiotics a decrease in susceptibility towards GEN took place, namely from 91.7% to 80.0%. Susceptibility towards STR, COL and POL has not altered. During the course of five years we recorded a remarkable augmentation in resistance towards the group of 10 new antibiotics NET-by 24.3%, TIC-by 20.6% and AZL-by 18.5%. The most effective antibiotics of this group were CIP (100%), AMI (98.6%), OFL (99.3%), and CTZ (100%). Eight combinations of antibiotics were tested on 100 strains and CTX+GEN was proved to be the most effective combination-synergistic effect on 92.0 strains. The comparison of the effect of CTX+GEN combination on 12 strains implies identical results gained by both, the plate dilution method and the method of detection of lethal effect rate. For the purpose of routinized examinations the dilution micromethod is the most suitable. (Tab. 4, Ref. 19.).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1993

[The significance of Helicobacter pylori infection in the etiology of abdominal pain in children].

Chronic and recurrent abdominal pain are frequent diagnostic problems in school age and adolescent children. The authors examined the IgG antibodies to Helicobacter pylori using ELISA in a group of 91 children. Positive results were found in 20 children, i.e. 22%. All children positive for Helicobacter pylori antibodies underwent an endoscopic examination with bioptic sampling of the gastric and duodenal mucosa. Bioptic samples were examined histologically and Helicobacter pylori was identified microscopically and using urease tests and cultivation. All 20 children with antibodies to Helicobacter pylori had histological evidence of chronic gastritis in the gastric antrum and infection with Helicobacter pylori was found in 16 cases. Detection of Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies is useful in the selection of patients for endoscopic examination of the stomach and duodenum. Endoscopy is relevant also where antibodies to Helicobacter pylori are negative and the characteristic picture of chronic disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract is present.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1991

[Long-term study of the sensitivity of staphylococci to antibiotics and their combinations].

The results of the long-term follow up of the sensitivity of S. aureus in our catchment area to nine commonly used antibiotics indicate that unaltered state of sensitivity to OXA, SPI, GEN, CFT, LIN (97.2%-99.5%). In coagulase negative staphylococci tested with 11 antibacterial substances the authors recorded a decline of sensitivity KAN, LIN, SPI, ERY by 15.7% to 24.8% From five tested antibiotic combinations to a group of strains of S. aureus (n = 87-117) the combination CFT + GEN was most effective having a synergic action on 64.3% strains. No antagonistic effect was recorded.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

[The in vitro effects of josamycin on various strains of bacteria].

The minimal inhibitory concentration of josamycin was studied by the dilution plate method on the strains Staphylococcus aureus, plasmacoagulase negative staphylococci, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, and enterococci. The effect of josamycin was compared with that of erythromycin, penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazol, and furantion. Of the series of 572 strains tested, josamycin was most effective in the strains Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus agalactiae. All the strains tested were susceptible to josamycin, including the Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to erythromycin. Of the plasmacoagulase negative staphylococci 2.6% resistant strains and 86.3% strains with decreased susceptibility were found. Of the enterococci 41.2% of the strains were resistant to josamycin. In these strains the most effective antibiotics were ampicillin and furantoin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Transferability of antibiotic resistance determinants in strains of Staphylococcus aureus belonging to different phage groups.

A total of 107 donor strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical material, with a high incidence of multiresistant strains belonging predominantly to phage group III, were tested for transmission of determinants of resistance to 6 antibiotics using mixed cultures of donor strains and the recipient Staphylococcus aureus strain 5849-fur-r, rif-r. The capability of strains to transfer resistance markers to the recipient was found to depend neither on phage group nor phage type to which the donor strain belonged, but strains possessing multiple resistance to antibiotics effectuated transfers at comparatively higher frequencies.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Use of Staphylococcus aureus for rapid radioimmunoassay of influenza A virus haemagglutinin.

In a rapid method for the radioimmunoassay (RIA) of influenza A virus haemagglutinin, Staphylococcus aureus (strain Cowan I, Czechoslovak State Collection No Mau 55/64) was used for separation of bound and free antigens. With rabbit and human immune sera, the binding of antigen-antibody complexes to heat-killed, formalin-fixed staphylocci was comparable to the double antibody technique. The time required for the completion of binding reaction was about 10 min compared to 18--24 hr required for double antibody precipitation. S. aureus did not bind directly (i.e. in the absence of specific antibody) a significant amount of radiolabelled antigen.

Animals↗