Biomedical subjects

M Soroush

Publications and source records attributed to M Soroush.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Interaction of bladder glycoprotein GP51 with uropathogenic bacteria.

PURPOSE: A major component of bladder surface mucin is a glycoprotein GP51 (molecular weight 51 kD.). GP51, which has previously been isolated from rabbit mucosa, appears to function as part of the defense mechanism in an in vivo infection model. GP51 coats the epithelium and is secreted into the urine, as detected by immunohistochemical testing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Increased urinary GP51 occurs during urinary tract infection. To elucidate the role of GP51 as a component of the primary defense mechanism we studied interactions with uropathogenic bacterial isolates and urine from symptomatic patients with urinary tract infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ELISA was performed to demonstrate the binding of GP51 and various uropathogens. Immunochemical studies were done using monoclonal antibodies to GP51 to determine the interaction of GP51 with certain uropathogenic isolates, including Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Streptococcus faecalis. Infected urinary sediments and uropathogenic bacterial cultures were examined by immunocytochemical testing to localize GP51. Antigen inhibition ELISA was done to quantitate urinary GP51 in the urine of 17 normal controls and 19 patients with urinary tract infection. RESULTS: ELISA revealed that GP51 binds to a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative uropathogens in semiquantitative fashion. Immunochemical methods confirmed that purified GP51 binds to bacteria, encapsulating and aggregating the bacteria. Clinical specimens showed GP51 localized to bacteria and uroepithelial cells. We observed a significant increase in urinary GP51 in urinary tract infection compared to uninfected urine (p = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: These studies suggest that GP51, a component of bladder mucin, may be a strategic factor in the primary defense mechanism of the bladder.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1999

Multi-rate nonlinear state and parameter estimation in a bioreactor.

This paper concerns real-time, multi-rate, nonlinear state and parameter estimation in a pilot-scale biochemical reactor in which cultivation of mouse-mouse hybridoma cells takes place. A multi-rate estimator is designed and implemented to estimate specific growth rate and concentrations of viable cells, total cells, glucose, glutamine, and monoclonal antibodies (MAb) in the reactor. These are estimated from frequent measurement (inferred values) of oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and infrequent and delayed measurements of the concentrations of viable cells, total cells, glucose, glutamine, and MAb. The infrequent measurements are available every 2 to 17 h with a time delay of 0.08 to 2.00 h, and OUR is inferred from dissolved oxygen concentration measurements that are available very 0.17 h. For each of the process variables, its infrequent measurement data and the profile of its estimate are presented to show the performance of the multi-rate estimator.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Multicomponent penile prosthesis implantation under regional anesthesia.

Fourteen consecutive patients underwent placement of a multicomponent penile prosthesis under regional anesthesia using a pudendal nerve block. Results demonstrated the need for minimal administration of intraoperative narcotics, no major fluctuations in the blood pressure or pulse rate during intraoperative monitoring, and only 1 of 14 patients was converted to general anesthesia. Postoperatively, our results show that there was no urinary retention or cardiac side effects, adequate postoperative analgesia was obtained, and 13 of the 14 patients were discharged within 24 hours. This method was safe, effective, easily performed, and does not carry the associated morbidity of general or spinal anesthesia.

Anesthetics, Local↗

PubMed1998

Ureteroscopic retrograde endopyelotomy.

With improvements in technology, we continue to seek new surgical techniques to approach old surgical issues. Antegrade percutaneous endopyelotomy has become the most common first-line approach to treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction, however, it is now possible to treat this condition successfully through a retrograde ureteroscopic approach. By combining the latest small ureteroscopes with the technology of endoluminal ultrasound, it is possible to treat this disease in a single setting without the complications of ureteral strictures or significant postoperative hemorrhage, thereby eliminating the need for a nephrostomy tube and dramatically reducing the morbidity of the procedure.

Catheterization↗

PubMed1993

Cytoskeletal agents inhibit motility and adherence of human tumor cells.

Cytoskeletal agents have been demonstrated to inhibit stimulated motility and substrate adherence by the human tumor cell line, A2058. cis-tubulozole, taxol, and cytochalasin D were tested for their effects on chemotaxis in response to a tumor cytokine, autocrine motility factor, and on adherence to several substrata: laminin- and gelatin-coated dishes as well as tissue culture plastic. Cytochalasin D, which inhibits microfilament polymerization, abolished stimulated motility. Taxol, which stabilizes microtubules, decreased stimulated motility to a greater degree than cis-tubulozole, which inhibits microtubular polymerization. In contrast, cis-tubulozole had the greatest inhibitory effect on adherence with a gelatin substratum more affected (100% inhibition) than tissue culture plastic (90%) or laminin substratum (52%). Taxol affected adherence in the same order but less than cis-tubulozole. Cytochalasin D had no significant effect on adherence to laminin with moderate inhibition of adherence to tissue culture plastic or gelatin. These data suggest that, in these tumor cells, microfilaments are more crucial for motility than adherence, but the dynamic polymerization and depolymerization of microtubules are required for both types of cellular activities.

Antineoplastic Agents↗