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Biomedical subjects

M Soudry

Publications and source records attributed to M Soudry.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Knee arthroplasty rating.

A number of rating systems used to evaluate the results of total knee arthroplasty exist. Many of these systems are based on different concepts, and might be expected to give divergent results. To see if this was so, the authors examined a consecutive series of 235 posterior stabilized knee arthroplasties recording the results according to five rating systems: HSS (The Hospital for Special Surgery), Brigham, Freeman, BOA (British Orthopaedic Association), and the VENN diagram. In spite of their apparent differences, all point systems and the BOA gave almost identical results, while the VENN diagram proved to be the most stringent. The authors suggest that any of the current point systems may be used to "score" arthroplasties, but the results should also be rated with the VENN diagram in order to see the quality of the arthroplasty and a comparison between the different series.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Laser therapy in the prevention and treatment of mucositis caused by anticancer chemotherapy].

The appearance of mucositis is a frequent and painful secondary effect of anticancer chemotherapy. Patients who develop oral toxicity during the first course of treatment will almost assuredly show identical side effects during each subsequent course unless the drugs are changed or the doses are lowered. In the absence of an efficacious antidote or preventive prophylaxis for such lesions to date, this report presents the results of a preliminary retrospective non-randomized study of the effect of soft-laser treatments on mucositis in cancer patients receiving combination chemotherapy, including 5-fluorouracil. Iatrogenic mucositis was observed during 43% of 53 chemotherapy cycles in the case control population. Curative laser therapy reduced the time to repair lesions and the rate of therapeutic modifications. For patients who received soft-laser therapy as a preventive measure, the incidence of oral complications was reduced to 6% during 101 cycles of chemotherapy. All of these patients, even those who have encountered mucositis before receiving preventive laser therapy, terminated their cancer therapy as originally scheduled. Well designed and carefully controlled trials will be necessary to define the place of helium-neon laser therapy in the repair and prevention of oral complications due to cancer chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

Ten-year survivorship of cemented ceramic-ceramic total hip prosthesis.

In the first 187 consecutive alumina-alumina combination hip arthroplasties performed from 1977 to 1979, both components were cemented with conventional techniques. At ten-year follow-up evaluation, 87 patients were reviewed or interviewed by telephone, 37 were dead, 39 were lost to follow-up evaluation, and 24 failures were reoperated on before the end of ten years. The major cause of failure was aseptic loosening of the acetabular component (15 failures). Fracture of the socket and of the femoral head occurred in five patients in this series. However, these complications were not seen with components manufactured after 1979. At the end of ten years, survivorship analysis depicted a 82.59% survival rate when reoperation was considered as failure and a 88.57% rate when reoperation for aseptic loosening was considered as failure. The femoral component had a 99.16% survival rate and the acetabular component had an 88.57% survival rate when reoperation for aseptic loosening was considered as failure. Age, appearance of a two- or three-zone demarcation at the intermediate follow-up evaluation, and outer diameter of the acetabular component were the major parameters influencing the results. Better results observed in the population younger than 50 years of age may be related to the small amount of wear debris produced by the alumina-alumina combination. This combination in hip prosthesis is secure, but should be implanted in young and active patients; the outer diameter of the acetabular component must be at least 50 mm. The major problem that remains is the socket's fixation. It could be improved by a design modification, by choosing another mode of fixation, or both.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1990

Histological features of the interface membrane of failed isoelastic cementless prostheses.

The interface membranes of both components from two isoelastic cementless hip arthroplasties, which were revised for aseptic loosening, were examined histologically. The membranes consisted of densely structured fibrous tissue interspersed with giant cell granulomas, sheets of histiocytes and chronic inflammatory infiltrates. The granulomas and the histiocytes contained polymeric and metallic wear products, respectively. The morphological features of these membranes were compared with those of cemented joint replacements. Apart from the deposits of acrylic cement bordered by macrophages, there were no distinctive differences between the membranes of failed cementless and cemented arthroplasties. The release and deposition of wear products, of whatever nature, are apparently responsible for the formation of exuberant interface membranes.

Connective Tissue↗
PubMed1990

Helium-neon laser treatment transforms fibroblasts into myofibroblasts.

The differentiation of myofibroblastic cells from normal human gingival fibroblasts in vitro has been established by transmission electron microscopy and quantitated by immunohistochemistry, using antigelsolin monoclonal antibodies. Untreated control cultures were compared to cultures exposed to Helium-Neon (He-Ne) laser irradiation. A direct and massive transformation of the cultured fibroblasts into myofibroblasts was observed as early as 24 hours after laser treatment, whereas control cultures were comprised of only resting fibroblasts and active fibroblasts. This in vitro induction of myofibroblasts may be analogous to that which occurs in vivo. Therefore we undertook a similar study using biopsies from gingival tissues after wisdom tooth extraction. Myofibroblasts were present in the connective tissue of laser-treated gums 48 hours after irradiation, but not in untreated contralateral control tissues. These data provide evidence that the primary biologic effect of the Helium-Neon laser on connective tissue is the rapid generation of myofibroblasts from fibroblasts. The induction of a phenotype with contractile properties may have clinical significance in the acceleration of the wound-healing process.

Actins↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of two capping materials: in vitro cell culture study].

Evaluation of the biocompatibility of a crown reconstruction material in vivo on human teeth by histologic observation of pulpal reactions is a long lasting and expensive procedure. Before to start it, a first examination can be done by testing the material on cell cultures. If the used culture cells contain antibiotics, it is necessary to combine these tests with a bacteriologic examination of the tested material. Two calcium hydroxide containing materials for dentin-pulp capping, were submitted to cytotoxicity tests using human pulpal fibroblasts cultures. The cytotoxicity of one over the two materials could be related to its lability and bacterial contamination.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed1988

Familial recurrent dislocation of patella with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.

Recurrent dislocation of the patella is considered to be a manifestation of generalized joint laxity. An autosomal dominant mode of inheritance was previously suggested in a few instances; however, male-to-male transmission has not yet been reported. We report a recurrent dislocation of the patella occurring in five generations of one family with male-to-male transmission and without generalized joint laxity.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of a helium-neon laser on cellular growth: an in vitro study of human gingival fibroblasts].

For a better understanding of the clinical effects obtained with lasers of low power on oral wounds, an in vitro study was conducted on human fibroblasts obtained from a primary gingival culture in order to evaluate the effect of one or several irradiations obtained with a Helium-neon laser (632.8 nm, 10 mW). An irradiation of 10 minutes (1.2J/cm2) induced a growth acceleration of the cellular population compared to a non-irradiated control population. The greatest effect was obtained four days after treatment. Furthermore, if the cells were submitted to repeated irradiations every four days, the cellular divisions increased after each treatment. A careful interpretation of these in vitro results on healing time of oral wounds in vivo would suggest that it may be due partly to a recycling actin of low power lasers on resting cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1988

A composite hip implant.

Composites are made of two or more different components that combine their properties into a new material. By modifying the type or structure or volume of the components, a theoretically endless number of new materials can be produced and their properties can be altered as desired. A composite hip implant made of carbon fiber and polysulfone is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Maturation of composite ligament.

A variety of synthetic fibrillar ligaments are being developed and clinically investigated. The tissue response to the variety of polymeric fibrils is similar. The soft-tissue response to carbon fiber braid substituting for lateral collateral ligament in three human knees and for the anterior cruciate ligament in one was examined 12-42 months after surgery. An advanced stage of maturity of the composite structure was particularly evident by dense bundles of collagen in one of the collateral ligaments and in the substitute for the anterior cruciate ligament. Associated with the newly formed collagen the carbon fibril initially formed unique carbon collagen of composite structural units. Eventually, subsidence of the fibroblast response was accompanied by an increase in density and width of the collagen fibers and by a loss of the configuration of the carbon-collagen units. Even the mature collagenous structure was not comparable to the natural ligament.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Clinical assessment of Maquet tibial tuberosity advancement.

Advancement of the tibial tuberosity (TTA) or Maquet procedure is a controversial procedure. Between 1978 and 1982, 27 consecutive patients were treated by TTA with an average follow-up period of 5.5 years in 25 patients. In eleven cases with concomitant medical compartment osteoarthritis, TTA was combined with high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Patellar pain relief was noted soon after surgery and was sustained in 80% of the patients. Systemic complications included one patient with lethal pulmonary embolus. Local complications occurred as follows: three patients had severe local necrosis of skin, which required a rotation skin flap in two. In one patient, the bone graft displaced, and in two patients, nonunion of this graft was noted. Following appropriate treatment in these six patients their final rating was excellent in two, good in three, and poor in one. Contrary to other reports in the literature, the combination of HTO and TTA was as successful as the Maquet procedure alone. TTA is an important procedure for severe patellofemoral arthritis after all other methods of conservative treatment have been exhausted and no other surgical procedure is clearly indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of total knee replacement design on femoral-tibial contact conditions.

Ten fresh knee specimens with prosthetic components inserted were tested in a loading rig. Compressive and shear force were applied to the femur with the tibia held fixed. The location of the femoral-tibial contact points was measured. The contact reaction forces, the shear forces, and the rocking moments transmitted to the tibial component were calculated. The variations in the test conditions were: high and low compressive force, flexion angles of 0 degree, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees, three curvatures of tibial plastic inserts, and the posterior cruciate retained or resected. When the posterior cruciate was retained, the contact points were close to the center of the component; for cruciate resection, the contacts were close to the anterior of the component. The shear forces and rocking moments were higher for cruciate resection, but the contact reaction forces were lower. There is a wide variety of knee prosthesis designs, but the amount of inherent stability between the femoral and tibial surfaces, and whether the posterior cruciate ligament is retained or sacrificed, are two of the most important design variables. This study shows that cruciate resection increases the shear forces and the rocking moments to the tibial components and that additional fixation means may be necessary to compensate. On the other hand, cruciate retention with low conformity gives higher contact forces, which may lead to more wear in the long term. Cruciate sacrificing designs with intercondylar guiding surfaces are a separate category of design and were not considered in this study.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1986

Anatomy of the normal knee as seen by magnetic resonance imaging.

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to study the normal knee. As well as revealing bone quality, MRI provided useful information on intra-articular and extra-articular soft tissues. Midsagittal views gave clear images of the cruciate ligaments, and of the patellar and quadriceps tendons. Parasagittal views were the best for delineating the menisci which, like ligaments and tendons, are of low intensity; the semimembranosus tendon and its insertion to the proximal tibia were also seen clearly in these views. The cruciate ligaments and menisci, though visible in the coronal view also, were better seen in the sagittal view. Axial views provided information on the structure of the patella, its cartilage, the patellofemoral joint and posterior soft-tissue structures.

Adult↗