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Biomedical subjects

M Spreng

Publications and source records attributed to M Spreng.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Extensible biosignal (EBS) file format: simple method for EEG data exchange.

Increasing use of computer technology in EEG research requires the creation of standardized data formats to transmit, exchange, analyze or modify mainly EEG/MEG as well as mere general polygraphic data. The extensible biosignal file format (EBS) has been designed for easy use. The concept of the EBS format is a simple structure of variable size, consisting of one fixed and two variable headers and a data section. In the variable header, any information can be stored in attributes. The data are archived in one of 3 organizational forms: channel order, temporal order, or compressed. The format supports various data types, multiple biosignals (ECG, EEG, MEG, polygraph), annotations, processing history, location diagrams (CGM), 16 hit ISO 10646 character set, random access to large amounts of data, global or private extensions, self-identification, and multiple tools for conversion, modification and visualization which are freely available in source code.

Brain↗
PubMed1995

Antibacterial activity of marbofloxacin. A new fluoroquinolone for veterinary use against canine and feline isolates.

Marbofloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone developed exclusively for veterinary use. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of marbofloxacin were assessed for 816 recent isolates associated with canine or feline diseases. Marbofloxacin showed a broad spectrum of activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In vitro rates of killing of marbofloxacin and enrofloxacin were compared against strains of Staphylococcus intermedius and Pasteurella multocida, and the results showed no marked difference between the two antibiotics. The duration of bactericidal activity was evaluated ex vivo in the urine of dogs and cats treated with marbofloxacin and lasted from 2 to 5 days after a single administration according to the dosages. Post-antibiotic effect durations were determined with Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus intermedius and were found almost equal to those of enrofloxacin or ciprofloxacin. These results predict a great potential for marbofloxacin in the treatment of a wide range of diseases in dogs and cats.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Specific features of military low-altitude flight noise: criteria for risk of damage and physiological effects.

The impact of sound from military low-altitude flying (75 m) is characterized by high maximum levels of up to 125 dB, a rapid rise in sound pressure level (steepest 10-dB slope up to 111 dB/s, mean value 36 dB/s), and occasional (30%) follow-up oscillations of up to around 100 dB. The energy within this broadband sound is very often concentrated primarily in the 0.8 to 4 kHz range. A criterion for the risk of damage can be applied using constant-frequency spectral dose analysis in order to establish, for example, how many overflight events might be regarded as tolerable. We can also draw on findings from animal experiments revealing damage to the extremely sensitive stereocilia of the hair cells in the inner ear to derive a risk assessment which shows that slight impairment to hearing is possible in low-altitude flight zones given either the recorded mean frequency of 17 direct overflights a day (with maximum levels over 100 dB) or else a few extreme isolated events. In laboratory experiments involving exposure to this type of highly dynamic low-altitude flight noise, short-term increases in heart rate (up to 21 beats/min) were found to be much greater than those provoked by other forms of environmental noise with comparable maximum levels (pile driving, gunfire).

Aircraft↗
PubMed1988

[Unconscious insecurity before and after breast examination in senology patients without pathologic findings].

The study reported here surveyed unconscious insecurity among healthy women, who consulted a senological outpatient service because of suspected breast cancer. It was investigated whether and in what way the reduction in unconscious insecurity, after being informed that the diagnosis was favorable (no carcinoma), is dependent on certain psychological conditions. The patients were divided into various subgroups according to history and psychological criteria, and these subgroups were then compared with regard to the reduction in their feeling of insecurity after being advised that there were no pathological findings. The individual tendency to tenseness (Brauchli 1983, 1987 a, b) was used as an indicator of unconscious insecurity. Coming to terms consciously with the cancer risk and possible consequences of cancer, proved to be a prerequisite for an adequate reduction in unconscious insecurity after being informed that findings were negative.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

EMG amplitude and frequency at different muscular elongations under constant masticatory force or EMG activity.

The relation between mechanical muscular activity (5 - 7.5 - 10 - 15 - 20 Kp of masticatory force) and electrical muscular activity (EMG) was studied during prolonged isometric contractions of the human masseter and temporal muscles, at different degrees of muscular elongation (0.5 - 5 - 10 - 20 mm of jaw opening). In Series 1, recordings maintaining muscular force values constant show that EMG activity increases with a shorter muscular elongation (0.5) and decreases with maximal elongation studied (20 mm). The slope of EMG activity curves rises as the force applied increases and muscular elongation decreases. Analyzing the relation between muscular force and EMG activity as a quotient between integrated activity and activity rate, we observed a greater influence of amplitude of the interference EMG pattern in small ranges (up to 7.5 Kp). However, with higher forces, the mechanism of frequency rate is the predominant factor. In Series 2, recordings of masticatory force maintaining EMG constant show that, for any chosen percentage of EMG activity, masticatory force increases with the increase of muscular elongation. Results show that there is an optimal muscular elongation of maximal efficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Influence of repetition rate and pause upon the cortical potential evoked by various acoustic stimulation in man (author's transl)].

In agreement with earlier experiments an increase of amplitude of the medium components (80-250 ms: Non-Pon) with decreasing repetition rate or increasing interval between the stimuli (sinusoidal tones, white noise, craftsman noise) is observed. There is no influence of the variable intervals upon the off-effect, if sinusoidal tones and white noise are used. A small increase of the amplitude difference Noff-Poff results if bursts of craftsman noise are used for stimulation. The amplitude of a peak in the range 300-400 ms which can be regarded approximatively as the peak of the long lasting dc-component, related to the positive peak (Pon) around 200 ms shows also an increasing tendency if the interval between stimuli is enlarged. Pon itself is augmented if related to the preceding section before stimulus on-set. Therefore the increase of the slow component expresses only an increase of the positive component Pon or is based upon a dc-shift which is added to the preceding section as well as to the range of the dc-component beginning around 300 ms after stimulus on-set. Using only sinusoidal tones a reduction takes place of the amplitude of the potential evoked by a tone of constant duration if the silent pauses are smaller than 2500 ms. If the pause preceding a tone of constant duration is reduced down to 300 ms the decrease of the amplitude is around 50-60%. The amplitude of the off-effect however is not affected. Only if related on the positive component Pon the slow component shows a small decrease. If related on the preceding section there is no change caused by different pauses preceding a tone of constant duration. Both, the latency of on- and off-components is also not influenced by the variable pause. Only the peak of the slow component shows a shift in the way that there is a maximum if the duration of the pause corresponds to half of the interval. In this case there is also a clear maximum of the amplitude of the potential evoked by the tone of variable duration. The results throw some light upon the different origin of the components of the evoked response and the overlapping of dc-shifts.

Acoustic Stimulation↗