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Biomedical subjects

M St Laurent

Publications and source records attributed to M St Laurent.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Gallbladder carcinoma producing alpha-fetoprotein.

Alpha-feto protein (AFP) is a clinically useful marker for hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and nonseminomatous testicular tumors. Elevated serum AFP can also occur with tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, lung, kidney, and urachus. Serum AFP can also be minimally elevated in nonmalignant conditions including acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and pregnancy. Reports of gallbladder carcinoma that elaborate AFP are extremely rare, and almost all represent papillary carcinomas. Until now, there have been only two reports in the world literature that describe undifferentiated gallbladder carcinoma with elevated serum AFP. The authors present one case of undifferentiated gallbladder carcinoma and another case of poorly differentiated gallbladder carcinoma with increased serum AFP. In both cases, serum AFP was particularly useful in documenting metastatic recurrence of gallbladder carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

A new salvage procedure for peritoneal dialysis catheters with exit site infections.

The management of catheter-related infections has become a major challenge in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis treatment. We identified five patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis who failed conservative medical management for exit site infections. Each patient underwent incision and debridement along the subcutaneous course of the catheter, exteriorization of the superficial cuff, and establishment of a new exit site at the medial aspect of the wound. This novel technique of incision and debridement along the subcutaneous tunnel and relocation of the exit site has not been described in the literature. In four of five patients, this technique controlled the exit site infection and arrested the progression of the infection to peritonitis, preventing the need for catheter removal.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Endoscopic biliary stent migration with small bowel perforation in a liver transplant recipient.

Intestinal perforation from a migrated biliary stent is a rare complication after endoscopic stent placement for benign biliary stricture. We provide the first description of stent migration and distal small-bowel perforation after stent placement for biliary anastomotic stricture in a liver transplant recipient. We review the current literature on the diagnosis and management of stent migration and intestinal perforation after endoscopic or percutaneous stent placement for benign and malignant biliary strictures. Early diagnosis and treatment of biliary stent migration and subsequent intestinal perforation are essential in transplant patients, in whom immunosuppression sometimes blunts signs and symptoms of intestinal perforation.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1993

Functional cooperation among human IgG-specific murine monoclonal antibodies for the detection of weak blood group antibodies in routine agglutination tests.

Seven monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) selected from a large panel of human IgG-specific murine MAbs were characterized serologically and studied for their ability to cooperate in routine antihuman globulin agglutination tests. In binding inhibition experiments, three of these MAbs were shown to bind simultaneously to immobilized human IgG molecules. Cooperation among these MAbs increased significantly the capacity of the individual MAbs to agglutinate red cells sensitized with weak blood group antibodies. These results demonstrate the usefulness of selected MAb blending for the preparation of potent antihuman IgG reagents from murine monoclonal antibodies.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1993

Production and characterization of anti-DNA-RNA monoclonal antibodies and their application in Listeria detection.

Murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for DNA-RNA hybrids were successfully produced with two different heteropolymers as antigens, cDNA-mRNA and phi X174 DNA-RNA heteroduplexes. The former was simpler to prepare. Both had shown similar immunogenicities. Two different immunoglobulin M MAbs were isolated. The 20D3 MAb, generated with the phi X174 DNA-RNA hybrid, showed association constants of 1.05 x 10(12), 2.12 x 10(10), and 1.68 x 10(7) for the antigens phi X174 DNA-RNA, cDNA-mRNA, and poly(rA)-poly(dT), respectively. The 6B5 MAb, obtained with the cDNA-mRNA hybrid, showed association constants of 1.59 x 10(5), 5 x 10(12), and 7.1 x 10(8) for the above-described antigens, respectively. With the 20D3 MAb, an immunoassay was developed for the detection of Listeria DNA-RNA hybrids. In brief, a biotinylated rRNA gene probe specific for the genus Listeria was hybridized with rRNA in the solution phase. The hybrids thus formed were then captured in microtiter plate wells precoated with the purified 20D3 MAb, and the probe-target hybrids were detected with a streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate. This assay was shown to be specific for the genus Listeria and highly sensitive, allowing the detection of as little as 2.5 pg of target rRNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Radical pancreatic resection for benign and malignant disease.

From 1972 to 1990 a total of 44 patients (24 men and 20 women) underwent pancreatic resections at our institution. We undertook a retrospective review to discover what prognostic indicators would predict long-term survival for patients with malignancy. Prognostic indicators included primary tumor location and size, tumor differentiation and grade, tumor invasion, number of positive lymph nodes, and postoperative radiation and chemotherapy. Overall, three patients died within the 30-day postoperative period (7%). One- and five-year survival rates following resection for malignancy were 67.5 and 31 per cent, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified primary tumor origin, nuclear grade, and preoperative bilirubin level greater than 2 mg/dl as the only statistically significant factors in determining survival. One- and five-year survival for tumor location and tumor grade were as follows: [table: see text] Our experience indicates that pancreatic resections are potentially curative in a significant percentage of patients with nonpancreatic primaries and, to a lesser extent, in those individuals with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Other prognostic indicators examined in our series, however, did not affect long-term survival.

Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-DNA.RNA antibodies: an efficient tool for non-isotopic detection of Listeria species through a liquid-phase hybridization assay.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of a new approach using anti-DNA.RNA monoclonal antibodies to detect Listeria in both pure culture and inoculated meat and meat products. A sensitive liquid-phase assay was first developed, based on the formation in solution of a hybrid between a 784-bp DNA probe, specific for the genus Listeria, and target rRNA. Monoclonal antibody and antisera raised against hybrid nucleic acids were then used in various immunoenzymatic assays to detect specific hybrids formed in solution. System 2, using a double sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and system 1, using a biotinylated probe, proved to be very effective. The method using biotin-streptavidin complex, however, resulted in a higher background signal. System 2 described here, using unlabeled probe, was more effective. This strategy allowed the detection of as little as 2.5 pg target RNA from pure culture and 500 cells from inoculated meat homogenate, even in the presence of other contaminating bacteria. The assay was more sensitive and could be completed within 3 h, as opposed to several days when conventional culture methods were used.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗