Biomedical subjects

M St-Georges

Publications and source records attributed to M St-Georges.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Correlates of mental disorders in the Quebec general population of 6 to 14-year olds.

Previous epidemiological studies of correlates of child and adolescent mental disorders in the general population have focused more on child/adolescent and socioeconomic/sociodemographic characteristics than on family characteristics. Moreover, there are no generally accepted methods to analyze and interpret correlates. The purpose of the Quebec Child Mental Health Survey in this regard was twofold: (1) to identify correlates of DSM-III-R internalizing and externalizing disorders according to informant (youth, parent, teacher), for three age groups (6-8, 9-11, and 12-14 years), including relevant family characteristics not considered in previous studies; and (2) to interpret the relative importance of risk indicators by ranking correlates according to strength and consistency of association across age groups. Logistic regression models suggest the inconsistency of correlates across informants. The ranking of correlates reveals that individual and family characteristics make a more important contribution than do socioeconomic characteristics, thereby supporting the relevance of proximal variables in the development of psychopathology.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Quebec child mental health survey: prevalence of DSM-III-R mental health disorders.

The Quebec Child Mental Health Survey (QCMHS) was conducted in 1992 on a representative sample of 2400 children and adolescents aged 6 to 14 years from throughout Quebec. Prevalences of nine Axis-I DSM-III-R (American Psychiatric Association, 1987) mental health disorders were calculated based on each informant (for 6-11-year-olds: child, parent, and teacher; for 12-14-year-olds: child and parent). Informant parallelism allows the classification of results of the demographic variables associated with disorders in the logistic regression models. This strategy applies to group variables (correlates of disorders) whereas informant agreement applies to individual diagnoses. Informant parallelism implies that results for two informants or more are in the same direction and significant. In the QCMHS, informant parallelism exists for disruptive disorders, i.e. in two ADHD regression models (child and parent) higher rates among boys and young children, and in three oppositional/conduct disorders regression models (child, parent, and teacher) higher rates among boys. No informant parallelism is observed in the logistic regression models for internalizing disorders, i.e. the patterns of association of demographic variables with anxiety and depressive disorders vary across informants. Urban-rural residence does not emerge as a significant variable in any of the logistic regression models. The overall 6-month prevalences reach 19.9% according to the parent and 15.8% according to the child. The implications of the results for policy makers and clinicians are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-2.25) in Quebec: reliability findings in light of the MECA study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the reliability of the French Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-2.25) in Quebec in light of other DISC-2 studies conducted in the National Institute of Mental Health's Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders Study. METHOD: Reliability was assessed for DSM-III-R disorders in a community sample comprising 260 parents of youths aged 6 to 14 years and 145 adolescents aged 12 to 14 years. The DISC was completed at home. The mean test-retest interval was 13.8 days for parents and 12.8 days for adolescents. RESULTS: Parents' reports: Internal consistency was acceptable for a majority of disorders. The kappa coefficients were in the fair or good ranges except for depressive disorders and were higher for children than for adolescents, and intraclass correlations were higher than kappa coefficients. Adolescents' reports: Internal consistency was acceptable or nearly acceptable for a majority of disorders. The kappa coefficients were in the fair range, and intraclass correlations were higher than kappa coefficients. The kappa coefficients were significantly higher for the test-retest interval of 7 to 14 days than for 14 to 21 days for adolescents' reports of anxious disorders and internalizing disorders. CONCLUSION: The French DISC-2.25 shows acceptable internal consistency and fair to good test-retest reliability. Across DISC-2 studies, test-retest reliability of the parents' reports improved for anxiety and depressive disorders. Among sources of variation, studies on attributes of questions would be meaningful.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Reliability of the Dominic-R: a young child mental health questionnaire combining visual and auditory stimuli.

Reliability of the Dominic-R, a questionnaire combining visual and auditory stimuli, was tested in 340 community children aged 6 to 11 years. Test-retest reliability of symptoms of, and symptom scores of, DSM-III-R disorders including simple phobias, separation anxiety disorder, overanxious disorder, depression/dysthymia, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder was assessed. Most symptoms yielded kappas greater than .40, and ICCs ranged from .74 to .81. In conclusion, reliability of the Dominic-R compares favourably with that of other child assessment questionnaires.

Auditory Perception↗

PubMed1994

A structured pictorial questionnaire to assess DSM-III-R-based diagnoses in children (6-11 years): development, validity, and reliability.

This paper presents a structured pictorial instrument, the Dominic questionnaire, to assess mental disorders in 6- to 11-year-old children. Ninety-nine drawings represent situations corresponding to DSM-III-R based ADHD, CD, ODD, MDD, SAD, OAD, and SPh. However, cognitive limitation of 6- to 11-year-old children do not allow for time-related measurement. The instrument takes 15-20 min to administer. Reliability and validity of the Dominic questionnaire were studied in Parent DISC-2 positive and negative outpatient and general population samples and against clinical judgement. The pictorial approach provides acceptable test-retest reliability and the instrument makes standardized assessment possible for children as young as 6 years of age.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1992

Innervation of the canine cruciate ligaments. A neurohistological study.

A search for mechanoreceptors within the substance of the cruciate ligaments was undertaken using the modified gold-chloride technique. Abundant Pacinian, Vater-Pacini, Ruffini end organs and Ruffini-type receptors were found within the substance of the anterior and posterior cruciates. The receptors were innervated by axons of 5 to 10 micrometers in diameter penetrating from the synovium investing the ligaments. The findings support the contention that the cruciate ligaments have important mechanoreceptive and proprioceptive functions.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Serologic survey of white-tailed deer on Anticosti Island, Quebec for bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea, and parainfluenza 3.

In 1985 unusual mortality was observed among the 3- to 4-yr-old white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on Anticosti Island, Québec (Canada). A viral pathogen was suspected to be the cause of the deaths. Thus, a serologic survey for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus and parainfluenza-3 (PI-3) virus was conducted. We examined 396 deer sera from 1985. Results indicated that the high mortality mainly afflicted 3- to 4-yr-old deer. In 1985, 57% of deer sampled were seropositive for viral neutralizing antibodies against BHV-1. Prevalences decreased over the next 2 yr of the survey. Prevalence of antibodies against PI-3 virus, determined by hemagglutination inhibition test, remained high (82% to 84%) for the 3 yr period. No deer were seropositive for neutralizing antibodies against BVD virus during the survey period. Analysis of antibodies against BHV-1 and PI-3 viruses according to sex, age and antibody titers revealed that an epizootic BHV-1 infection occurred in 1985; PI-3 infection appears to be enzootic in Anticosti deer.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1989

Computer-aided design in wheelchair seating.

This paper describes the integration of computer-aided design (CAD) with the design and fabrication of wheelchair seats. The use of CAD during the design phase permits personal seating for adult and pediatric clientele through a series of standard manufactured seating components. The advent of CAD has permitted the creation of databases of detailed 3-D wheelchair structures that are commercially available, in addition to most standard modular seating components. Direct on-screen manipulation of these components on any selected wheelchair structure is through user-friendly software. When using CAD, structural and physical limitations can be foreseen and taken into consideration during the routine initial fitting on an adjustable simulation fitting chair. The end product is a dimensioned drawing of the seating arrangement as it is positioned in the wheelchair structure. The seating components are manufactured from this drawing. The CAD system permits seating specialists to simulate a client's seating arrangement on the wheelchair in order to determine a functional position before the fabrication phase. Essentially, the CAD software is used as a simulation tool for creating functional seating units. It is also a design tool that allows access through a database to dimensional information about commercial seating products and seating products developed through the use of the CAD system.

Computer Graphics↗