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Biomedical subjects

M Stajić

Publications and source records attributed to M Stajić.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Hepatitis C virus infection in patients on chronic hemodialysis].

Frequency of HCV infection was examined in patients on chronical program of hemodialysis considering the high risk to which they had been exposed because of frequent blood transfusion. We determined anti-HCV antibodies in 57 patients (29 male and 28 female) average age 52.6 years with terminal chronic renal failure. Frequency of anti-HCV antibodies (determined by ELISA Ortho test of first generation) was in correlation with the number of received transfusions and with duration of dialysis treatment and it was compared with anti-HCV antibody findings in hemodialysis staff (the control group of healthy persons). Results of the examination showed that anti HCV antibodies were positive in 38.95% examined patients (n = 57), and it showed that the patients on hemodialysis were a critical group for HCV infection. There was no correlation with the blood groups. Level of transaminases, HBsAg and immunity test in anti-HCV positive patients were in the physiological range. In order to prevent HCV infection in the dialysis centres, it is necessary to conduct routine test in patients and staff, and undertake all measures of protection.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cocaine, opiates, and ethanol in homicides in New York City: 1990 and 1991.

Studies using medical examiner cases are useful in monitoring drug use in special populations. This study assesses the presence of cocaine and its metabolite, benzoylecgonine (BE), opiates and ethanol in all homicide victims who were injured and who survived two hours or less after injury in 1990 and 1991 in New York City. There were 2824 homicides in the study period and cocaine and/or BE were found in 884 (31.3%) of cases. In over half of the cases positive for cocaine/BE, ethanol or opiates were found. African-Americans and Latinos were much more likely than whites or Asians to be positive for cocaine/BE. There were no differences between men and women in regard to being positive for cocaine/BE. Cocaine/BE was most frequently identified among victims 25 to 44 years of age. Males were more likely to be positive for ethanol. There were no differences among age groups or ethnic groups in regard to ethanol except for a very low ethanol incidence among Asians. Victims positive for cocaine/BE were more likely to be killed with firearms in open places. The percentage of victims positive for cocaine/BE remains approximately that found by other studies in the late 1980s, however, the percentage of opiate-positive homicides seems to be increasing. Opiates usually were found with cocaine/BE. Two-thirds of the cocaine and/or BE positive cases had cocaine present, thus they were under the influence of the drug at the time they were injured. The authors discuss how the use of cocaine, ethanol and opiates may be related to one's becoming a homicide victim.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Alcohol and the liver. Present knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms].

Intensive longtime experimental and clinically-experimental investigations have not yet succeeded unriddling the intimate mechanism of liver alcoholic damage. Earlier knowledge on accumulation of fats in liver under the influence of alcohol (ethanol) is still actual, but it probably represents only epiphenomenon and does not explain the intimate mechanism of events. It still can be stated that, although the aim has not been achieved, gradually, as a consequence of very studious investigations we have signification information which bring more light in regard to identify the mechanism of this frequent disease of modern mankind. We have tried to summarize the latest knowledge on alcoholic liver damages. However, some of the most simple questions still do not have an answer: why do, for example, some longtime alcoholics, whose everyday intake of alcohol is big, develop liver cirrhosis at the end of their lives, while the others, under the same circumstances, develop it very early?

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Determination of alpha-fetoprotein by radioimmunoassay. Ten year experience in applying a locally produced kit.

Increased concentrations of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) occur in several physiological (pregnancy) and pathological (liver regeneration, tumour formation etc.) conditions. Measurement of serum AFP levels may assist in the detection of fetal abnormalities during pregnancy, in the detection of renewed tumour growth and metastases in cases of AFP producing tumours and in monitoring some diseases of the liver. In this paper some results are given concerning the follow-up of some patients with tumours of the testis and the possibilities of determining the source of elevated serum AFP (regenerating hepatocytes, malignant liver cells, hepatic metastases from other tissues) in patients with liver diseases.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Malignant tumors in patients in our hospital 1985-1989].

An analysis was conducted concerning the data on malignant digestive-tract tumors which were treated in the period from 1985 to 1989 at the Department for Gastroenterology of the Clinical-Hospital Center in Zemun. The research results showed that malignant digestive-tract tumors are not in an increase, they are rare in persons which are younger than 40 years of age (10%) and are two times more frequent in males. The share of malignant tumors of the large intestine in overall morbidity is somewhat more frequent, they occur two times more in males and with 10.6% in persons younger than 40 years. The malignant tumors of the stomach are the only ones which are in a decrease, they are considerably less frequent in younger persons (3.7%), but are also two times more frequent in males. Malignant tumors of the pancreas are somewhat more represented in overall morbidity, they are very rare in young persons (3.7%) and are more frequent in males. The data on malignant tumors of the liver show that in the last few years they are somewhat more represented in overall morbidity, they are rare in persons younger than 40, and are more frequent in males.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels and microheterogeneity in patients with different liver diseases.

Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were determined in patients (268) with liver disease. Markedly elevated concentrations (greater than 100 micrograms/l) were found in twelve patients with malignant tumours and two with cirrhosis. Molecular variants of alpha-fetoprotein were distinguished by lectin affinity chromatography of these sera. Reversible binding to concanavalin A (86 +/- 5%) and to lentil agglutinin (61 +/- 19%) conformed to expected values for primary hepatocellular carcinoma except in one patient with a metastatic carcinoma whose alpha-fetoprotein binding to concanavalin A was similar to non-liver alpha-fetoprotein (44 +/- 13%), and the two patients with cirrhosis in whom binding to lentil agglutinin was typical for benign liver disorders (less than 20%). Since low levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein and non-characteristic alpha-fetoprotein binding patterns assisted in the regrouping of eleven out of 24 patients initially thought to have primary hepatocellular carcinoma, it was concluded that alpha-fetoprotein determination and lectin affinity chromatography are helpful in distinguishing primary hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic and benign liver diseases. Slight increases in the alpha-fetoprotein level in the presence of serum hepatitis B surface antigen indicated seven patients at risk for primary hepatocellular carcinoma who should be monitored frequently.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative study of concentrated blood derivatives of factor VIII].

The work presents results of the investigations of blood derivatives--F VIII concentrates: commercial cryoprecipitate, concentrate of intermediary purity and derivatives of high purity: Kriobulin--Immuno, Octobulin--Landerlan, Profilate--Alfa, Factor VIII--Behring, Hemofil--Hyland, Factorate--Armour Pharma, AHF--Kaote Cutter. The following parameters were investigated: VIII: C, VIIIR: Ag, total protein, protein electrophoresis, IgG, IgA and IgM immunoglobulins and anti-A and anti-B isoagglutinins. All derivatives except cyroprecipitate have considerably higher VIIIR: RAg value compared with VIII: C, which indicated inactivation of labile VIII: C component during concentrate preparation. Specific activity varied depending on purity of preparations, but ranged from 1,72 to 22. High isoagglutinin titer of anti-A was noted in preparations of high purity, as well as the presence of immunoglobulins. Despite considerable differences in vitro, all concentrated derivatives F VIII have similar immediate clinical effect and recovery from 0,87 to 1,36. All results indicate that new ways of derivative F VIII purification should be found with lower degree of contamination of other plasma proteins and less risk of hepatitis virus transmission. When certain indications are recognized, cryoprecipitate produced in our country in all blood transfusion services should be used.

Factor VIII↗
PubMed1980

[Physiologic values of coagulation factors in newborn infants].

Hemorrhagic tendencies are frequently seen in the neonatal period. From the practical point of view, recognition of physiologic deficiencies of coagulation factors and hemostasis is essential, for the differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic syndromes and adequate treatment. Values of coagulation factors in the newborn and comparison of our results and the results of other authors are presented. It seems that there are no essential changes in hemostasis of term infant, but many coagulation factors exhibit deficient clotting activity as like vitamin K-dependent factors (II, VII, IX, X). Values of fibrinogen, F. XI, XII, XIII are decreased. Those factors which physiologically low in the term infant reach normal adult levels in a few weeks, with the exception of factors IX and XI which may require several months to reach normal levels. In the same time authors presented the results of coagulation factors in mothers during delivery and term infants, to explain the nature of the disorders. For the investigation of these physiological defects, screening tests can be used.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1980

Drug identification through analysis of maggots.

The examination of insect larvae from decomposed bodies not only can serve in the estimation of the postmortem interval but also can be used in qualitative identification of drug substances.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Differential diagnosis, laboratory tests and histology in 245 patients with cholestasis.

In the course of 4 years, among 11,738 admissions there were 245 (2.08%) patients with cholestasis (106 women and 139 men). Intrahepatic cholestasis (i.c.) was detected in 46.5%, and extrahepatic (e.c.) in 53.5%. The most frequent cause of i.c. were alcoholic and nonalcoholic chr. liver disease (fatty liver, chr. hepatitis, cirrhosis) (37% and 30%), acute viral hepatitis (15%) and toxic liver injury (14%) respectively. The causes of e.c. were: choledocholithiasis (44%), cancer of the pancreatic head (15%), cancer of gallbladder and extrahepatic ducts (12%) and cancer of liver (10%). The causes of c. were benigne, in 78.2%, while malignant neoplasms were present in 21.8%. Out of the multitude of laboratory tests two appeared particularly significant: glut, transpeptidase was pathologic in 81% of alcoholic liver disease, in 62% of the cases with obstructive jaundice and in 27.7% of malignant neoplasms. LX-lipoprotein examined in 52 patients was positive in 24% of i.c., and 60% of e.c. Proliferation of bile ducts was the most frequent finding in surgical liver biopsies in choledocholithiasis cases.

Adolescent↗