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Biomedical subjects

M Stankiewicz

Publications and source records attributed to M Stankiewicz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Fenbendazole and its effect on the immune system of the sheep.

Ten parasite-free 6-month-old lambs were drenched on days 0 and 28 with fenbendazole and 1 day after each drench were injected with human erythrocytes and ovalbumin. Ten other lambs injected with the antigens were not drenched with anthelmintic and served as controls. Lymphocytes from the fenbendazole-drenched lambs collected 3 days after the first antigen injections and cultured in vitro in RPM1 1640 plus 5% foetal calf serum, and lymphocytes collected at 3 and 7 days and cultured in RPM1 plus 50% autologous serum, had decreased blastogenic activity compared with lymphocytes from control lambs. Similarly, decreased blastogenesis was observed with lymphocytes collected 7 days after the second antigen injections from drenched lambs and cultured in 50% autologous serum containing concanavalin A. In contrast, increased blastogenesis was seen with lymphocytes collected 14 days after the second antigen injections from the drenched lambs and cultured in 50% autologous serum containing phytohaemagglutinin. Similar antibody responses were seen for the drenched and control lambs in response to the injections of both antigens except that, after the second injection, there was a significant reduction in antibody response to human erythrocytes in the fenbendazole-treated lambs. Decreased serum complement levels were seen particularly 3 and 7 days after the second antigen injections in drenched lambs. These serum samples had increased conglutinin activity. At the end of the experiment, the fenbendazole-drenched lambs were significantly heavier than the control lambs. However, this did not appear to be related to any effects of fenbendazole on levels of growth promoting hormones.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Guinea pig antibody to C3 component of the sheep complement produced by immunization with a heat-inactivated sheep serum--alcian blue complex.

Normal sheep serum or serum heated at 56 degrees C for 30 min were added to alcian blue solutions. The optical density of alcian blue-heated sheep serum complexes formed were 2-4 times greater than those obtained with unheated serum. Most guinea pigs immunized with alcian blue-heated sheep serum complexes produced antibodies that precipitated the third component (C3) of sheep complement (C') from electrophoresed sheep serum. These antisera also hemagglutinated sheep erythrocyte--rabbit antibody complexes treated with sheep serum (C'). Guinea pigs immunized with alcian blue-normal sheep serum complexes did not react with electrophoresed sheep serum nor with sheep C' in the hemagglutination test.

Alcian Blue↗
PubMed1994

Inhibitory activity of soluble material from sheep eosinophils for sheep complement.

Soluble material from frozen and thawed sheep eosinophils and sonicated extracts of eosinophils or their granules inhibited the alternative activation pathway dependent action of sheep complement for human erythrocytes sensitized by sheep antibody. Sephadex G-50 fractions of the sonicated eosinophil and granule extracts showed that inhibitory activity was associated with the void volume fraction, the fraction possessing the eosinophil peroxidase activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of environmental factors on prevalence of epileptic seizures].

A decreased convulsant threshold is found in 10% of human population. This population is at higher risk of epileptic seizure in the case of exposure to harmful factors at working place or outside it. The following harmful factors should be taken into consideration: 1. traumas, 2. physical agents (high temperature, electrocution, specific sensory stimuli), 3. toxic agents (organic solvents, organophosphorus compounds, lead, alcohol, some drugs and narcotics). Therefore, detection of the decreased convulsant threshold and gathering knowledge about potential epileptogenic factors at working places and in community environment should become one of the goals for medical personnel dealing with occupational problems. The authors recommend to perform pre-employment EEG examination whenever an increased risk of epileptic seizure is suspected in a given person following an interview and information on working conditions. It is also recommended to supplement work safety and hygiene instructions.

Environmental Exposure↗
PubMed1993

[Fertility of women after surgical intervention on organs of reproduction].

The research included 114 female patients treated at the Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in the years 1986-1991. Information was based on a questionnaire, with 40 (35%) answers. Basic parameters of fertility were evaluated in women, who underwent surgical intervention on reproductive organs and they were discussed in connection with other conditioning. It was ascertained that the decision concerning infertility treatment is taken up by young patients, up to 25 years of age, during the first 5 years of marriage. Duration of the treatment in the majority of patients lasts longer than 5 years. Routine surgical interventions in the area of reproductive organs do not increase significantly the possibility of conception. Whereas in this group we deal more often with ectopic pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Globule leukocytes in the lumen of the small intestine and the resistance status of sheep infected with parasitic nematodes.

The presence of globule leukocytes in the lumen (LuGLs) of the small intestine was studied in Romney sheep reared parasite free and then experimentally infected or immunized with Trichostrongylus colubriformis infective larvae, or naturally infected when gazed on pasture. It was discovered that high numbers of LuGLs were associated with both parasitic infection and the sheep protective immune response. A high positive correlation was observed between LuGLs and tissue globule leukocytes. The highest correlation (r = 0.92) observed was between larval migration inhibition (LMI) and numbers of LuGLs. This was the only correlation between LMI and other parameters studied. Significant positive correlations were also observed between LuGLs and IgG1 and eosinophils. There was a negative correlation between LuGLs and the number of parasites in the intestine and parasite egg production. Progeny of genetically resistant and susceptible sires had significantly different abilities to produce LuGLs.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of bacteria on chemotaxis of peripheral blood lymphocytes from nonatopic asthmatics].

The chemotactic response of peripheral blood lymphocytes from nonatopic asthmatics and healthy subjects in the gradients of various bacterial strains obtained from the airways of the asthmatic patients was investigated. The dominant autologous strains were found to be effective chemoattractants for lymphocytes form the asthmatics. However, none of the bacterial strains investigated in this study induced increased motility of lymphocytes from healthy subjects. These findings might explain the mechanisms of the accumulation of lymphocytes in the airways of nonatopic asthmatics.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Patent infections of Ascaris suum in pigs: effect of previous exposure to multiple, high doses of eggs and various treatment regimes.

Fifty-four crossbred, 4-week-old pigs divided into nine equal groups were used to test whether multiple inoculations with high numbers of A. suum eggs with or without anthelmintic would result in patent infections. All pigs exposed to multiple prechallenge inoculations of 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10,000 and 20,000 and challenged orally 2 weeks later with 10,000 eggs harboured adult worms. When prechallenge infections were removed by pyrantel tartrate treatment the animals were more susceptible to challenge than controls not previously exposed to infections. The same drug used from 2 days before until 10 days after the last prechallenge infection eliminated that effect. Pigs subjected to the same multiple egg dosing regimen but given feed containing fenbendazole immediately before, during and for 10 days after multiple dosing developed significantly more adult intestinal worms after challenge than any other group. These worms were, however, significantly shorter than those that developed in any group of pigs. Adult worms from all these groups produced eggs that after embryonation were infective to mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Autologous bacteria induce chemotaxis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) from non-atopic asthmatics.

The chemotactic response of peripheral blood MNC from healthy subjects and non-atopic asthmatics against the respective pathogen isolated and cultured from sputum of individual patients was investigated. We found that the wide range of concentrations of autologous bacteria induced chemotaxis of MNC from asthmatics but showed no influence on MNC from healthy subjects. This finding might explain the mechanism of lymphocyte accumulation in the lungs of non-atopic asthmatics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Bronchial provocation tests using bacterial suspensions in patients with bronchial asthma treated with autologous vaccines].

In 15 patients with non-atopic bronchial asthma bronchial aspirates were carried out. Bacterial strains were isolated from the aspirates and used to produce material for provocation tests andautologous vaccines. Bronchoprovocation was carried out twice--before and after treatment with autovaccines. A decrease in bronchial reactivity was seen after treatment with autologous vaccines. The improvement in spirometric indices was accompanied by clinical improvement in 11 out of the 15 treated cases (73.3%).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Requirement for CD4+ cells in resistance to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in mice.

The importance of CD4+ cells in resistance to Pneumocystis carinii (PC) in PC-susceptible severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice that were made resistant to PC by immunocompetent spleen cell transfer, and in conventional PC-resistant mice, was investigated. SCID mice with naturally acquired PC pneumonia (PCP) were given infusions of spleen cells from immunocompetent donors. This reconstitution caused the recipients to resolve their PCP. Treatment of reconstituted SCID mice with anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to deplete them of CD4+ cells eliminated their ability to resolve PCP, whereas treating them with anti-CD8 mAb to deplete CD8+ cells had no effect. The findings indicate, therefore, that resistance to PCP in immunologically reconstituted SCID mice is dependent on CD4+ cells. To determine whether CD4+ cells enable conventional mice to resist PCP, B6D2 mice were treated with anti-CD4 mAb to deplete them of CD4+ cells in an attempt to induce PCP. After 10-11 wk of treatment, these mice developed progressive PCP. Taken together, these results indicate that loss of CD4+ cells predisposes mice to PC infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of pyrantel-tartrate abbreviated Ascaris suum infections for the development of resistance in young pigs against migrating larvae.

Crossbred young pigs were used to test whether abbreviated infections with eggs of Ascaris suum can stimulate the acquisition of resistance to challenge. Weanling pigs from an Ascaris-free colony were kept free of A. suum until they were divided into groups at the age of 7-8 weeks. The experimental animals received pyrantel tartrate during the period when they were being exposed to increasing numbers of infective A. suum eggs and challenged 10 days after the last infective dose. Liver milk-spot counts and larval recoveries from the lungs indicated that the strongest resistance was acquired by the animals that received the drug continuously for 6 weeks while being exposed to six weekly infective egg doses. The data do not suggest any drug-related suppression of the resistance response to A. suum infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Acquired resistance to migrating larvae of Ascaris suum in young pigs by repeated drug-abbreviated infections.

Cross-bred 3- and 8-wk-old pigs were used to test whether drug-abbreviated infections with Ascaris suum can stimulate acquired resistance to challenge. During the immunization period, both age groups of animals were infected with increasing numbers of A. suum eggs (500, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000) at 7-day intervals while the pigs were receiving pyrantel tartrate in the feed. Two days after the last infective dose, animals were placed on unmedicated feed for 8 days and then challenged with 10,000 eggs. All pigs were killed 7 days after challenge, and milk spots on the livers and larvae recovered from the lungs were counted. Larval recoveries from lungs of the immunized animals were significantly smaller than those from the unimmunized animals in both age groups, suggesting that the pigs were capable of acquiring strong resistance to parasitic infections. In immunized animals, challenge infection did not contribute significantly to milk spot formation. The number of milk spots was significantly greater in the older animals, indicating that milk spot formation may be age related.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Responses of NFR/N inbred mice to very low-dose infections with Ascaris suum.

Mice were evaluated for immunological responses and resistance to challenge infections after single infections. When given infections simultaneously with thiabendazole, larval migration to the liver and lungs was blocked but not when mice were given infections only. Enlargement of Peyer's patches was observed after infection followed by increased numbers of IgA-containing cells in the lamina propria of the intestines and increased levels of hepatobiliary IgA. Ig-containing cells were variable in the spleens during the early phase of infection. The observed changes quickly returned to normal control levels and did not change throughout the rest of the experiment. Serum Ig levels did not change dramatically. Challenge with high doses of eggs indicated that mice given single very low-dose infections became highly resistant.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Complement activation, phagocytosis, tumor growth and parasitic infection after magnesium supplementation in diet of mice.

Very little study has been devoted to Mg2+ supplementation in the diet and the effects produced upon biological functions. In the present study, mice were given supplemental amounts of MgCl2 or MgSO4 in the feed ration, while the following were examined: activation of serum complement, phagocytosis, growth of tumor transplants and infections with Trichinella spiralis. Increased complement activation, increased phagocytosis, decreased tumor growth and decreased severity of parasitic infection were observed in mice fed Mg2+ supplement. It is not yet certain how Mg2+ functions in order to produce an enhancement of resistance in the susceptible naive animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Lack of correlation between in vitro and in vivo activation of complement in mice by infective Trichinella spiralis larvae.

Very little is known about the role played by complement in vivo during Trichinella spiralis infections, although previous reports indicate that it binds readily to the surfaces of muscle stages of the parasite in vitro. In order to study the binding of complement to muscle-stage larvae in vivo, larvae were recovered from BALB-c inbred, NFR/N inbred, and Swiss white outbred mice from 20 to 95 days postinfection. The presence of C3 was examined by direct immunofluorescence and leucocyte- and erythrocyte-adherence tests. Complement was found on a few larvae from the outbred strain and only rarely on larvae from the 2 inbred strains. Histological sections prepared from inbred strains and used in immunofluorescence tests to study in situ complement activation and binding were negative. Larvae from all 3 mouse strains bound complement 100% of the time when it was added to the worms in vitro. The results indicate that extrapolation from in vitro to in vivo activation and binding of complement to T. spiralis larvae may not be valid.

Animals↗