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Biomedical subjects

M Stauber

Publications and source records attributed to M Stauber.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Irreducible epiphyseal plate fracture of the distal ulna due to interposition of the extensor carpi ulnaris tendon. A case report.

It is well known that tendon or muscle interposition can cause fractures to be irreducible by closed means. A rare tendon interposition of extensor carpi ulnaris occurred in an 11-year-old boy. The isolated displaced distal ulnar physeal injury was the result of a motor vehicle accident. Attempts to perform a closed reduction failed. At operation, an interposed extensor carpi ulnaris tendon was found. After repositioning the tendon, a near anatomic reduction was easily accomplished. Only two cases seem to have been reported in the literature on the need for open reduction of distal ulnar physeal injury, none with an interposed tendon. Interposed extensor carpi ulnaris tendon should be considered as a cause of irreducible displaced distal ulna epiphyseal fracture.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1989

[Psychosomatic problems of childless couples].

We discuss the late "wish for pregnancy" (involving women over 45 years of age). Late hopes for in vitro fertilization occur, encouraged by "solutions" that are deceptive and to our experience distract from inner conflicts. We consider the problems of idiopathic infertility, a diagnosis that is frequently accepted as final without exploration of the psychological background. Finally, we discuss secondary sexual dysfunctions, caused by a very technical approach to infertility treatment. We conclude with a demand for critical discussion of neuralgic problems in modern reproductive medicine (e.g., manipulation of embryonic structures and breaking up of family structures).

Female↗
PubMed1987

[Screening for HIV antibodies in pregnancy].

The results of the first screening in pregnant women for HIV antibodies published in the literature were obtained at the Charlottenburg Gynecological Clinic of the Free University of Berlin, and are communicated here. They indicate that in future it will be questionable whether AIDS should be looked for only among risk groups, as is currently the case in many obstetric centers. Tests for HIV were positive in 0.5% of 1295 pregnant women who did not belong to a risk group (heroin addicts, prostitutes, transfusion recipients); the findings were confirmed with the more specific Western Blot. Consequently, therefore, it is recommended that HIV screening should be included among the basic antenatal care examinations, the patient having been thoroughly informed. In order that the patient be aware of the reality of the risk, she should, if possible, be informed in early pregnancy: the family physician therefore has a special obligation to fulfil. The fact that increasing numbers of infected women do not belong to risk groups is a further argument in favor of HIV screening. Moreover, AIDS has become the most common infection with serious consequences for mother and child. Patients in whom the test for HIV antibodies is positive also require appropriate counseling and care. Finally, the need to protect both patients and staff against infection during birth must not be neglected.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnosis of postpartal disorders of adaptation in hospital delivery of out patients].

Delivery in a hospital on an outpatient basis is increasingly accepted in obstetrics. In West Berlin about 15% of the mothers consider this as desirable, and about 10% actually utilize it. Delivery at home, which is associated with safety hazards, is getting less frequent. Since the problem of disturbed adaptation of the infant can be quite difficult, the method of choice is the easily manageable noninvasive monitoring of heart and respiratory frequency of the newborn during the first hour after birth. This can help to detect latent disturbances of adaptation and premature discharge of the infant from hospital is avoided. The following aspects must be considered: 1. Monitoring is noninvasive and does not exercise stress on the infant. 2. Mother and child are not separated during the monitoring. Hence, the early mother-child relationship is not disturbed. 3. The obstetrician can assess the state of adaptation of the newborn more clearly with the help of the cardiorespiratory diagram. This makes it easier for him to decide whether a child may be released or ought to stay in hospital. 4. If the paediatrician is consulted, he has at his command useful data on a child he does not know with the exception of a few anamnestic data and the actual examination findings.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1987

[Developmental arrest of fertilized human oocytes in the pronuclear stage after in vitro fertilization (IVF)].

Developmental arrest of 18 ova (about 5%) of 362 fertilized oocytes showing formation of two pronuclei was observed after in-vitro fertilization. In 7 ova the pronuclei were still visible 40 hrs after insemination. Five ova were degenerated after formation of the pronuclei. Cytological analysis of the ova revealed that the arrest of development had occurred at different stages of the cell cycle (interphase to metaphase of the first mitotic division) with one ovum being characterized by a tetraploid chromosome set. Asynchronous development of the pronuclei, which is obviously a cause of early developmental arrest, was observed in 4 ova. According to our observations we would rather transfer fertilized oocytes after cell cleavage (in the 2- to 6-cell stage) than in the pronuclei stage.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1986

Prematurely condensed human sperm chromosomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF).

During an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program 122 inseminated eggs showing polar body extrusion, but neither formation of pronuclei nor cell cleavage were analysed cytogenetically. Nine of these eggs showed prematurely condensed sperm chromosomes of the G1-phase (G1-PCC) besides the haploid set of maternal metaphase II chromosomes. This phenomenon can be explained by the permanent arrest of the oocytes at metaphase II after sperm penetration and hence the continuing presence of cytoplasmic chromosome condensing factors which lead to the induction of PCC in the sperm nucleus. The overall frequency of this aberrant type of fertilization was calculated to be in the order of 3-4% of all in vitro fertilized eggs.

Chromosome Banding↗
PubMed1986

[The Aids problem in pregnant women--a challenge to the obstetrician].

Nine pregnant women with the AIDS problem were under treatment and care at the Department of Gynaecology of the University of Berlin at Charlottenburg during 1985. Of these, seven had HTLV-III antibodies only, whereas one woman showed additional clinical signs such as lymphoadenopathy and opportunistic infections; another woman developed exanthemas during pregnancy that pointed to a possible manifestation of AIDS. The increasing incidence in our clinic of pregnant women infected with or actually suffering from AIDS is due to the fact that for several years we have been conducting heroin withdrawal programmes in pregnant women. It must be born in mind, however, that generally more and more women outside the high-risk groups covered by anamnesis are being infected with HTLV-III. Screening tests for HTLV-III can help to clarify matters and make it possible to care adequately for the patient and to guarantee the obstetric team an appropriate management of the risk of infection. However, it must be considered as a minimum demand to be made on the obstetrician to conduct tests for HTLV-III antibodies in women of the high-risk groups (heroin addicts, prostitutes, blood transfusion recipients, fathers at risk). Based on update knowledge, the authors supply pointers to a more realistic information of pregnant women. Suggestions are advanced in respect of care during pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Proof of diaplacental transmission of HTLV III/LAV before the 20th week of pregnancy].

Tissue samples were taken from a 20-week old foetus in a mother with positive LAV/HTLV-III reaction without clinical or immunological signs of AIDS. These samples were used for cocultivation of LAV/HTLV-III. This resulted in inducing in MT-2 cells a cytopathic effect characteristic for LAV/HTLV-III infections, induced by thymus, spleen, lungs and brain tissue of the foetus after cocultivation with umbilical cord lymphocytes; in H-9 and MT-2 cells this led to the expression and release of antigens reacting with LAV/HTLV-III-specific anti-bodies. This observation shows that intrauterine infection of the foetus must have occurred already before the 20th week of gestation; the same target cells are involved via uterine transmission as via postnatal infection, i.e. cells of the lymphatic system and of the CNS.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1985

Abnormal chromosome behavior in human oocytes which remained unfertilized during human in vitro fertilization.

Chromosomal abnormalities and abnormal embryonic development have previously been observed after human in vitro fertilization (IVF). Chromosomal abnormalities may arise not only after fertilization but even earlier during meiotic maturation of human oocytes in culture. Since chromosomal analysis is simple in oocytes during meiotic maturation, the chromosomal status was analyzed in oocytes which remained unfertilized in a human in vitro fertilization program. In 50 fertilization attempts the chromosomes of 62 unfertilized oocytes could be analyzed; 45 of them were in the process of meiotic maturation. In three oocytes two small polar bodies were observed 16-18 hr after insemination in the absence of fertilization. In one oocyte abnormal chromosome behavior was found during the first meiotic division, and in four oocytes during metaphase of the second meiotic division. These data suggest that chromosomal analysis of unfertilized oocytes in human IVF may improve the understanding human oocyte maturation and fertilization.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1985

[Individual birth. Results of a longitudinal study].

This paper goes into the question as to how greatly mother and father desire an individualised kind of delivery, how this wish is realised, and how it is valued many years later. The basic demand was a safe delivery-safe for both mother and child. For the purpose of analysis and study, 170 women were asked to register their opinion before being admitted to the labour ward, on the following points: for example, presence of the partner, free mobility during the first stage of labour, avoidance of analgesics, positioning the baby on the mother's belly, use of the obstetric chair, rooming-in, breast feeding, etc. Changes in the mother's behaviour during birth, as well as the interaction between mother, child and partner were observed. During the puerperium the delivery was critically assessed by the mother, and her ideas regarding delivery at a future time were recorded. It is possible to show that under the conditions of a safe, monitored birth (uncorrected perinatal mortality 1980-1983 0.71%) the individual wishes of the patients can be met. All mothers whose partners had been present during delivery, assessed this fact positively. Likewise, 100% of the mothers whose baby had been positioned on their belly after birth, considered this to be pleasant. 77% of them actively caressed the newborn in this position. 68% of the mothers talked to the child within the first 15 minutes. 86% kept the newborn for more than an hour in their bed. Of the fathers present during delivery, 55% caressed the newborn, and 50% talked to it within the first 15 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, Obstetrical↗