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Biomedical subjects

M Stiller

Publications and source records attributed to M Stiller.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Efficacy of a 1-week, twice-daily regimen of terbinafine 1% cream in the treatment of interdigital tinea pedis. Results of placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trials.

BACKGROUND: Patients with tinea pedis often discontinue treatment before eradication of the fungus when their symptoms improve. The result is an incomplete cure/recurrence. OBJECTIVE: Terbinafine, a topical fungicidal agent, was evaluated in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (159 patients) for its ability to achieve cure and relief of symptoms in the same time frame, that is, before compliance wanes. METHODS: Mycologic characteristics (with potassium hydroxide examination and culture) and clinical signs and symptoms were assessed at baseline, at the end of a 1-week, twice-daily treatment and at 1, 3, and 5 weeks after the completion of therapy. RESULTS: Both terbinafine and vehicle provided early relief of symptoms. However, only terbinafine gave progressive mycologic improvement such that at 5 weeks after treatment, 88% of the patients receiving terbinafine had converted from positive to negative mycology compared with 23% of the patients treated with vehicle. CONCLUSION: The rapid and potent fungicidal action of terbinafine results in a high cure rate in interdigital tinea pedis with 1 week of treatment and may avoid failures caused by non-compliance.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1992

Enhanced antibody titers to an oxidized DNA base in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by phagocytic cells induce oxidative stress during chronic inflammation. ROS play a role in the pathogenesis of a broad range of diseases including autoimmune, cardiac and neoplastic abnormalities. We found that sera of patients with a variety of inflammatory dermatoses contain elevated levels of antibodies (Ab) binding to an oxidized DNA base derivative, 5-hydroxymethyl-2'deoxyuridine (HMdU) coupled to bovine serum albumin, as determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients with immune complex diseases and a history of neoplasm elaborated the highest titers of anti-HMdU Ab. Titers from sera of psoriatic subjects were lower than from the aforementioned groups but were still significantly elevated (p < 0.001) above those of healthy controls. Treatment of inflammatory dermatoses with systemic antiinflammatory and cytotoxic drugs significantly lowered the titers [p < 0.005 (immune complex) or p < 0.001 (psoriasis and neoplastic) diseases], suggesting that this assay may be of value in monitoring the response to therapy in these diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Topical alpha-interferon ointment with dimethyl sulfoxide in the treatment of recurrent genital herpes simplex.

The recent in vivo appearance of acyclovir-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus stresses the need for new therapeutic agents to combat this common virus. Topical interferon preparations may help fill this void. In the present study dimethyl sulfoxide was combined with alpha-interferon in an ointment base to increase percutaneous penetration. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, patients with recurrent genital herpes simplex using the topical alpha-interferon preparation had a more rapid cessation of viral shedding when compared to the placebo group (66% culture negative on day 1 vs. 25% of placebo patients; p less than 0.02). In the 90-day post-treatment period, interferon-treated patients had fewer recurrences than their placebo-treated counterparts (1.18 vs. 2.25). This reduction while not statistically significant was encouraging (p less than 0.10).

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1991

Dose-dependent stimulation of adenylate cyclase in rat hippocampal tissue by isoprenaline, Gpp(NH)p and forskolin: lack of circadian phase-dependency.

In rat hippocampal tissue the basal as well as drug-stimulated adenylate cyclase (AC) activity was studied after sacrificing the animals at 9 different circadian times (01.00, 04.00, 07.00, 10.00, 13.00, 16.00, 19.00, 22.00, 01.00 h). The AC was stimulated in vitro either via the beta-adrenoceptor by isoprenaline (IPN, 0.01-100 mumol/l plus GTP 0.005-50 mumol/l, via the GTP-binding protein by Gpp(NH)p (0.03-100 mumol/l) or via the catalytic unit of the AC by forskolin (0.1-600 mumol/l). For each drug dose-response curves could be constituted in single hippocampal tissues at each of the time points of sacrifice. Whereas maximal stimulation by forskolin was not achieved with the highest dose used (600 mumol/l, EC50-, Emax-values and Hill-coefficients could be calculated for both IPN and Gpp(NH)p, respectively. Thus, the rank order of drug stimulated AC activity was forskolin > Gpp(NH)p > IPN. However, no circadian phase-dependency in basal as well as drug-stimulated AC activity was found.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1991

Papaverine hydrochloride in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial to reassess safety and efficacy.

In a double-blind crossover study, oral papaverine hydrochloride in doses of 150-300 mg t.i.d. was compared to placebo as an adjunctive treatment of atopic dermatitis. Twenty patients completed both 2-week phases of the crossover during which time the physician's weekly evaluation included an estimate of percentage skin involvement with disease, global evaluation and the grading of the erythema, scale and lichenification of a representative plaque. The patients' evaluation included their assessment of the degree of pruritus, and an estimate of the percentage of the day pruritus was present as well as a global evaluation of disease. Papaverine demonstrated no statistically significant advantage over placebo for any of the parameters measured and was noted to cause transient asymptomatic liver function test abnormalities in 3 of the study patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Topical alpha-interferon in recurrent genital herpes simplex infection. A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

We conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial on 98 subjects to assess the efficacy of two strengths of topical human leukocyte alpha-interferon, 10(4) and 10(6) IU/g in a 1% nonoxynol-9 base, in the treatment of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus (HSV). The study medication was applied during the prodromal phase or at the first sign of recurrence of the infection. The high-dose alpha-interferon was found to be significantly more effective than the low-dose interferon and placebo with respect to the duration of viral shedding as well as in reducing the time to the end of all subjective symptoms, including pain, burning and itching. No difference between the three groups was found in times to crusting or healing. Further studies of topical interferon in the treatment of HSV and other viral infections are merited.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1970

Glutamic acid decarboxylation in Chlorella.

The decarboxylation of endogenous free glutamic acid by Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Marburg strain, was induced by a variety of metabolic poisons, by anaerobic conditions, and by freezing and thawing the cells. The rate of decarboxylation was proportional to the concentration of inhibitor present. Possible mechanisms which relate the effects of the various conditions on glutamate decarboxylation and oxygen consumption by Chlorella are discussed.

Chlorophyta↗
PubMed1966

Hydrogenase mediated nitrite reduction in chlorella.

The assay of the hydrogenase of glucose-grown cells of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, strain 7-11-05 by means of nitrite reduction with molecular hydrogen is described. The hydrogenase of Chlorella shows maximum activity immediately after equilibration in the hydrogen atmosphere. The hydrogenase mediated reduction of nitrite to ammonia requires the presence of CO(2). However, at pH 6.4. when the reaction proceeds optimally, there is apparently sufficient retention of metabolic CO(2) to support the reaction, which goes to completion, at near maximum rates.Reduction of nitrite in the hydrogenase system when CO(2) is present results in the uptake of 3 moles of H(2) per mole of nitrite and ammonia is the product. When CO(2) is absent or limiting, ammonia is also formed from nitrite but with the uptake of less than the stoichiometric amount of H(2). It is concluded that CO(2) is essential for the uptake of H(2), and that in the absence of CO(2) internal hydrogen donors support nitrite reduction.The possibility that CO(2) exerts a catalytic effect in all reductions mediated by hydrogenase in algae is considered, and a further hypothesis, that hydrogenase arises from that portion of the photosynthetic machinery which also shows a catalytic requirement for CO(2), is proposed.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A method for immunohistochemical detection of osteogenic markers in undecalcified bone sections.

To evaluate the osteogenic potential of novel implant materials, it is important to examine their effect on osteoblastic differentiation. Characterizing the tissue response at the bone-biomaterial interface in vivo at a molecular level would contribute significantly to enhancing our understanding of tissue integration of endosseous implant materials. We describe here a new technique that overcomes difficulties commonly associated with performing immunohistochemistry on undecalcified sawed sections of bone. Sheep mandible specimens were fixed in an ethanol based fixative to maintain adequate antigenicity of the tissue. As a result, it was possible to omit antigen retrieval at high temperature for recovery of antigenicity, and detachment of sections from the slides was avoided. Following dehydration and infiltration, the specimens were embedded in a resin composed of polymethylmethacrylate and polybutylmethacrylate. Polymerization was achieved by adding benzoylperoxide and N,N-dimethyl-toluidine. This resin was selected because it maintained the antigenicity of the tissue, provided adequate properties for cutting 50 microm thick sections, and it facilitated deacrylizing the sawed sections. Acid-resistant acrylic slides were glued to the blocks using an epoxy resin based two-component adhesive to avoid detachment of the slides during the deacrylation procedure. Samples were stained for alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, osteonectin, osteopontin, osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein. The EnVision + trade mark dextran polymer conjugate two-step visualization system was applied for immunohistochemical detection of these bone matrix proteins. This procedure yielded positive staining for the osteogenic markers in cells and matrix components. The protocol described here facilitates the use of immunohistochemistry on resin embedded sawed sections of bone and provides a convenient and reliable method that can be used routinely for immunohistochemical analysis of hard tissue specimens containing implant materials.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Patient dismissal to promote progress: brief discharge as a possible method in inpatient psychotherapy of adolescent patients].

In dealing with aggressive juveniles in a setting it often is difficult to sustain the concept of therapy without risking the end of cooperation. A chance to save the ability to act on the therapist's side, offers the shorttime dismissal as a therapeutical measure. It works as a remedy in times of stationary crises' as well as a juncture with the juvenile's original system that is forced into the process of therapy closing links between the stationary ongoings and the dynamics of the familiar system outside.

Adolescent↗