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Biomedical subjects

M Streifler

Publications and source records attributed to M Streifler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Plasma dopamine beta hydroxylase (D.B.H.) activity in Parkinsonian patients under L-dopa, and 2-bromo-alpha-ergocriptine loading.

Dopamine-Beta-Hydroxylase (D.B.H.)-activity was measured in the plasma of untreated Parkinsonian patients, after tretment with L-dopa and 2-Bromo-alpha-ergocriptine. The findings were compared to the D.B.H.-activity of a matched healthy control group. After L-dopa loading D.B.H.-activity decreased in the Parkinsonian patients by 27.6 +/- 3.1% compared to 16.2 +/- 3.3% (p less than 0.02) in the control group. After 2-Bromo-alpha-ergocriptine laoding the decrease in D.B.H.-activity was 32.6 +/- 4.4% in the parkinsonian patients, and 158 +/- 4.9% (p less than 0.02) in the control group. This reduced D.H.B.-activity after L-dopa loading may reflect an impairment, in the Parkinsonian patients' ability to metaoblize L-dopa. The reduced D.B.H.-activity after treatment with 2-Bromo-alpha-ergocriptine may be explained by a pronounced antagonistic influence of 2-Bromo-alpha-ergocriptine on the presynaptic dopamine receptors, suggesting that presynaptic dopaminergic receptors are involved in Parkinson's disease.

Bromocriptine↗
PubMed1979

EEG sleep patterns in Parkinsonian patients treated with bromocryptine and L-dopa: a comparative study.

The nocturnal sleep patterns of six Parkinsonian patients treated with Bromocryptine (2-Br-L-ergocryptine CB-154), a dopamine-like agonist, were compared with those of the same patients under L-DOPA treatment. No significant differences were found between the two groups. It is suggested that Bromocryptine, acting on dopamine receptors in the sleep regulating systems at the reticular level in the midbrain has the same effect on sleep patterns of Parkinsonian patients as L-DOPA.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Detrusor hyperreflexia in multiple sclerosis. Alleviation by a combination of imipramine and propantheline, a clinico-laboratory study.

16 patients with multiple sclerosis, complaining of urgency, frequency and urge incontinence were studied urologically. They all suffered from detrusor hyperreflexia. We managed to improve this disturbance by lowering the parasympathetic tone and at the same time increasing the sympathetic tone of the urinary outlet, using a combination of imipramine and propantheline. The subjective clinical alleviation was also corroborated by cystomanometry and urethral pressure profile before and after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Painful ophthalmoplegia: the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Painful ophthalmoplegia is characterized by unilateral involvement of the IIIrd, IVth and VIth cranial nerves, as well as supra- and retro-orbital pain, i.e. participation of the Vth cranial nerve. The pain is relieved within 48-72 h with steroid therapy. The paresis of the eye muscles in various combinations usually subsides gradually from within a few weeks to several months. The etiology is unknown. The few pathological examinations reported in the literature showed an unspecific inflammatory granulation tissue around the intracavernous portion of the carotid artery and on the dura mater in the vicinity of the cavernous sinus. Carotid arteriography may show stationary waves of this artery and narrowing of its intracavernous portion. With orbital phlebography the occlusion of the supraorbital vein and obstruction of the cavernous sinus are sometimes demonstrable. The syndrome is well defined and its etiology still unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Clomipramine and amitriptyline in the treatment of severe pain.

Clomipramine is the most potent 5-HT reuptake blockade agent among the antidepressants. A comparison between the effect of clomipramine and a less powerful 5-HT reuptake blockade agent (amitriptyline) could test the hypothesis that brain 5-HT is a mediator of pain sensation. Groups of patients of either sex, with pain indication of trigeminal neuralgia, tension headache or postherpatic neuralgia, received doses of clomipramine or amitriptyline in a single blind clinical experiment. The results after three months of treatment showed that clomipramine: (1) was better than amitriptyline in treating trigeminal neuralgia; (2) tended to be better in the treatment of tension headache; and (3) amitriptyline is better in treating postherpatic neuralgia. Clomipramine was better tolerated. The results support the hypothesis that in certain pain situations, clomipramine exerts a beneficial effect, not only because of its effect on the depression and anxiety level of the patient, but also via its effects on the 5-HT brain system.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Myoclonic attacks induced by L-dopa and bromocryptin in Parkinson patients: a sleep EEG study.

Six patients with Parkinson's disease developed nocturnal myoclonic attacks after prolongued treatment with L-Dopa which were electroencephalographically recorded. These symptoms persisted after treatment with 2 bromo-alpha-ergocryptin (Bromocryptin), a dopamine receptor agonist, which was substituted for L-Dopa. Bromocryptin is known to have no pre- or postsynaptic effect on serotonin metabolism. It is proposed that these myoclonic phenomena are the expression of the hypersensitivity of denervated catecholamine receptors in the brainstem to the stimulation of L-Dopa and Bromocryptin. This thesis differs with previous suggestions that serotonin plays a major role in the genesis of myoclonic seizures in Parkinsonian patients treated with L-Dopa.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The synaptic significance of metoclopramide induced dyskinetic-dystonic head and neck movements in pregnancy.

Two young, pregnant women presenting dyskinetic-dystonic crises limited to head and neck (HNDD) due to metoclopramide (MP) were observed. Evidence has been brought for the specific extrapyramidal effect of dyskinetic-dystonic head and neck movements induced by MP in young females. The synaptic action of MP differs from that of the generally accepted dopamine receptor blocking neuroleptics such as the phenothiazines. Concomittant quasi opposing neuroleptic and nonneuroleptic like effects of this drug can not support the mechanism of dopamine receptor blockade as the explanation of the synaptic effect. The concept of "dopamine receptor imbalance" may explain the synaptic action of the metoclopramide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Kleine-Levin syndrome with periodic apnea during hypersomnic stages--E.E.G. study.

A 33 year old male, suffering from Kleine-Levine syndrome associated with periods of apnea during the hypersomnic attacks, is reported. Ventilatory studies negate the Pickwickian syndrome. The E.E.G.'s recorded during the hypersomnic attacks and the apneic periods showed a direct correlation between high-voltage delta waves paroxysmal E.E.G. activity, and apneic period. Medications known to improve Kleine-Levin syndrome, in our case, had no effect upon the clinical hypersomnic and apnea periods, nor on the correlatives E.E.G.'s pattern and spirometric studies. Theoretical considerations let us assume that these paroxysmal E.E.G. patterns associated with apnea are NRem-sleep serotonin dependent, and have an inhibitory influence on the respiratory centers, by alternating the equilibrium between the catecholamines and acetylcholine activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effect of diphenylhydantoin on the reproductive function of the male rat.

Male rats were injected with 5, 10, and 20 mg diphenylhydantoin daily for two months and then caged for five days with cyclic females. Thereafter the males underwent necropsy, the organs of the genital tract were examined, and found to be unaffected. Blood testosterone and Leydig cell counts were normal. A significant reduction of fertility was observed which appears to be loss of libido on behavioural grounds. Except for similar behavioural changes described in human epileptics no further reports are available concerning anticonvulsants and fertility. Our findings indicate that there is no reason to suspect that diphenylhydantoin had endocrine-mediated effects on male fertility in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

EEG sleep study in parkinsonian patients under bromocryptine treatment.

Nocturnal sleep patterns were registered from 6 parkinsonian patients treated with bromocryptine, ("-Br-L-ergocryptine, C.B.-154) a dopamine-like agonist. No significant differences in their sleep patterns were found in comparison with patients treated with L-dopa. Since bromocryptine acts direct on the dopaminergic receptor sites, it is suggested that the disturbed EEG sleep patterns in parkinsonian patients cannot be explained by altered dopaminergic or serotoninergic effects whether pre- or postsynaptic.

Aged↗