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Biomedical subjects

M Stringer

Publications and source records attributed to M Stringer.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Intergroup violence and intergroup attributions.

Pettigrew's (1979) prediction that relative to in-group behaviour, negative out-group behaviour would be attributed to internal characteristics, was tested in the context of Northern Ireland's continued conflict. Catholic and Protestant respondents were presented with newsreel footage depicting scenes of in- and out-group violence. One showed a Protestant attack on mourners at a Catholic funeral. The other showed a Catholic attack on a car containing two plain clothes soldiers at a Catholic funeral. Using a free response format, subjects' explanations were classified into internal and external attributions. The results showed strong support for Pettigrew's hypothesis. The implications of these findings with regard to the maintenance of intergroup conflict are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Group membership, strength of group identification and perceptions of violence for locations in Northern Ireland.

118 undergraduate students, all of Northern Irish origin, were asked to rate 60 locations in Northern Ireland for violence and denominational composition. As expected from Social Identity Theory, subjects perceived ingroup locations as less violent than outgroup ones. Contrary to expectations, however, there was no increased differentiation of violence judgements with increasing strength of identity, for which two possible explanations were considered.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Decay of nitroprusside. I: In vitro.

The apparent intravascular decomposition of nitroprusside (SNP) has been attributed to photolysis and artefactual generation of cyanide (HCN) during assay, leading some workers to believe that large doses of SNP may be infused safely if light is excluded. However, we have shown that HCN is not produced from SNP during analysis. Significant amounts of HCN were formed only when SNP was first incubated with blood. The yield of HCN was a function of the temperature, pH and time of incubation. The time for release of 50% of the HCN from SNP 5 mumol litre-1 at 37 degrees C in blood was 26.6 min with greater than 90% yield in 2 h, and in plasma the optimum pH was about 7.5. A u.v. method for measuring SNP suggests that, at clinically appropriate blood concentrations, SNP is confined to plasma.

Ferricyanides↗
PubMed1990

Laboratory instrument evaluation using a personal computer.

A system in which data from multichannel biochemical analysers is downloaded to a personal computer using a communications package is described. BASIC programs were developed to format the data into a file structure suitable for importing into a commercial statistics software package. This allowed statistical comparisons to be made of patient data obtained from different instruments and facilitated evaluation of these instruments. Using this technique, many hundreds of patient results may be compared without requiring the data to be keyed into a computer. The techniques and programs used are described to show that these facilities can be developed by laboratory scientists with only rudimentary computer programming skills.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1990

Management of midtrimester oligohydramnios: a case for amnioinfusion.

Ultrasonic evaluation and diagnosis in cases of severe oligohydramnios is extremely difficult, and management problems exist. With appropriate diagnostic procedures, management becomes less of a dilemma. Amnioinfusion, which is the instillation of fluid into the amniotic cavity, enhances ultrasonic resolution necessary for observation of fetal anatomy and behavior. The cases of severe oligohydramnios reviewed typify those in which amnioinfusion was used to diagnose and manage mid-trimester pregnancies. This technique enabled the practitioner to define the specific cause of the oligohydramnios. Interventions, risks, and outcomes of the cases are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cardiovascular actions of trimetaphan nitroprusside. Comparison with sodium nitroprusside in greyhounds.

Trimetaphan nitroprusside (TNP) is a new potent hypotensive agent developed to induce and maintain decreases in arterial pressure unaccompanied by resistance. This study investigated its properties and compared them with those of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in anaesthetized greyhounds. The mean dose response to TNP was obtained by measuring haemodynamic changes in five dogs. With increasing doses, stepwise decreases in mean arterial pressure and progressive increases in heart rate occurred: cardiac index did not change significantly. In a further six greyhounds, SNP and TNP were alternately infused to induce and maintain a 30% reduction in arterial pressure for 30 min. Both drugs were short-acting, decreased systemic vascular resistance and caused tachycardia. Infusion of TNP produced lower plasma and red cell cyanide concentrations; SNP maintained hypotension with significantly less tachycardia. We conclude that there was no outstanding advantage of TNP over SNP when given as a short-term infusion in greyhounds.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1986

Large outbreaks of Clostridium perfringens food poisoning associated with the consumption of boiled salmon.

Five large outbreaks of food poisoning are described in which clinical, epidemiological or laboratory data indicated Clostridium perfringens as the causative organism. The foodstuff common to all incidents was boiled salmon served cold as an hors d 'oeuvre. In all cases the fish had been subject to a long period of cooling or storage between boiling and consumption. It is thought that multiplication of the organism occurred during this time. Recommendations are made for the avoidance of further similar incidents.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Nitrous oxide inhalation does not influence plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin or Met-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity.

The possibility that nitrous oxide releases endogenous opioid peptides into the circulation has been tested in 10 pain-free, unstressed volunteers breathing 30% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Despite achieving plateau concentrations in venous blood, accompanied by subjective effects, there were no significant changes in plasma concentrations of immunoreactive beta-endorphin, methionine-enkephalin or ACTH. These results indicate that, in the absence of nociceptive input, the effects of the inhalation of nitrous oxide are unrelated to alterations in peripheral concentrations of these endogenous opioid peptides.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗