Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Suarez.
Captopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor used in the treatment of hypertension, has been associated with hematologic as well as dermatologic side effects. Two patients with captopril-induced angioneurotic edema, one of whom had fatal granulocytopenia and overwhelming polymicrobial sepsis, are presented.
The effects of a serial dilution of linoleic acid on human spermatozoa in whole semen was tested on 21 semen samples obtained from 11 normal volunteers. The minimal concentration of linoleic acid required to stop the movement of at least 75% of the moving sperm ranged from 1 to greater than 100 mg/dl. Fifteen of 21 (71%) of the semen samples were inhibited by added free fatty acids (FFA) concentrations that were less than or close to the physiologic concentration ranges of FFA in blood plasma (1 to 30 mg/dl). The immobilized sperm often formed aggregates similar to those formed by the action of autoantibodies against sperm cells. Preliminary studies conducted on a variety of other FFA have indicated that oleic acid (18/1) was less toxic than linoleic acid (18/2) and that linolenic acid (18/3) was more toxic than linoleic acid. The saturated FFA palmitic acid (16/0) and stearic acid (18/0) at concentrations up to 100 mg/dl showed little or no toxicity to sperm cells. It is suggested that FFA toxicity be included among physiologic factors that affect the motility and spontaneous aggregation of sperm cells.
Among 150 cases of microscopically proved Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia secondary to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) seen by our pulmonary service from January 1982 to January 1986, P. carinii presented roentgenographically as a solitary pulmonary nodule in 2 patients (1.3%). It was the sole cause of the nodules as determined by clinical and roentgenographic response to specific drug therapy, examination of specimens obtained at fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and examination of lung specimens obtained at autopsy. In one of the patients, the nodule appeared to develop a large central cavity, which was confirmed at autopsy. In patients with AIDS, a solitary pulmonary nodule with or without cavitation may rarely represent P. carinii pneumonia.
Aspirin has been reported to induce the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in humans. The mechanism of injury appears to be similar to other forms of experimentally induced high-permeability edema in which leukocytes play an important role. In a patient who suffered two episodes of aspirin-related ARDS, bronchoalveolar lavage showed a significant influx of leukocytes. This represents the first reported bronchoalveolar lavage in aspirin-related ARDS, as well as the first documentation of the nonhydrostatic nature of the edema in a patient with recurrence of this entity.
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Triceps intracompartmental pressure was measured in the lowermost limb of the recumbent horse during the initial period of recumbency during elective surgical procedures in 11 horses. Intramuscular pressure, using an IM catheter, was measured with the thoracic limbs in 4 different positions, including (I) table-contact limb unadvanced-unsupported free limb, (II) table-contact limb unadvanced-supported free limb, (III) table-contact limb advanced cranially, unsupported free limb, and (IV) table-contact limb advanced cranially, supported free limb. Pressure was measured in the 4 positions with and without padding. The highest pressure was measured in position I without padding. The lowest pressure was measured with position IV with padding and was significantly lower than all pressures in other positions (P less than 0.05). Foam mattress padding significantly decreased muscle pressure in each position.
The influence of somatostatin injection on intestinal disaccharidase and alkaline phosphatase activity in rat and chick was investigated. Disaccharidase and alkaline phosphatase activities of rat and chick homogenates were not modified. In rat the activities of mucosal brush-border maltase and sucrase were significantly increased. In chick brush-border a significant increase of duodenal mucosal activity and duodenal and jejunal sucrase activity is observed.
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A 31-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and biopsy-proved Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developed acute renal failure, elevated creatinine kinase levels, and myoglobin in both serum and urine while being treated with pentamidine. The patient was receiving no other nephrotoxic medications at the time, and these unusual complications were directly related to the pentamidine.
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In this descriptive epidemiologic study, prevalence rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and its antibody (anti-HBs) among fourth-year dental students and second-year dental hygiene students were found to be comparable to those of a control population and a local age-adjusted blood donor group. This observation contrasts with the rates reported for practicing dentists, especially oral surgeons, and indicates that the increased risk experienced by dentists after dental school may be attributable to potentially greater exposure to the hepatitis B virus resulting from an expanded patient load. No significant correlation was found between a positive serologic response and several potential risk factors: previous liver disease, prior contact with hepatitis patients, parenteral injections, facial hair, and punctures sustained during dental procedures. In contrast, prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs was increased significantly among black students.
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Guinea pigs immunized wit- hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg), types adw and ayw, and with two polypeptides (400,000 and 24,000 molecular weight) developed cell-mediated immunity (CMI), as determined by radioimmunoassay. Peritoneal exudate (PE) cells from guinea pigs immunized with the 40,000-molecular-weight polypeptide migrated poorly (30 to 88% inhibition) after challenge with the immunizing subunit or with purified HBSAg, type gdw or ayw. Response of the same PE cells to the 24,000-molecular-weight subunit was significantly reduced. Similar but less striking evidence for CMI was observed was PE cells derived from guinea pigs inoculated with purified type-specific HBSAg or with the 24,000-molecular-weight polypeptide. Humoral responses were predictable and showed a reasonable degree of correlation with the CMI response. PE cells from control animals inoculated with normal human serum or polyacrylamide gel were not inhibited after challenge with purified preparations of HBSAg or with the 400,000-molecular-weight polypeptide, but did show CMI with their respective immunogens. In addition, PE cells from guinea pigs inoculated with normal human serum were inhibited from migrating after challenge with the 24,000-molecular-weight subunit, suggesting that the latter may contain an antigenic determinant related to a human serum protein.
Purified preparations of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were solubilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate and urea under reducing conditions and subsequently fractionated by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Pools of the individual fractions eluted from the preparative PAGE were concentrated and purified further by analytical PAGE. Five purified polypeptides were isolated from HBsAg, types adw and ayw, with molecular weights of 19,000, 24,000, 27,000, 35,000, and 40,000. Each preparations was emulsified in Freund complete adjuvant and injected into guinea pigs. Antibody to each HBsAg type was measured by radioimmunoassay. The 19,000 molecular weight polypeptide derived from ayw particles and the 27,000 molecular weight subunit obtained from both types failed to elicit an antibody response. The other three polypeptides derived from the ayw particles elicited group-specific antibody responses. Similar group-specific reactivities were observed in the testing of anti-adw 35,000 and anti-adw 40,000 molecular weight polypeptide sera. However, guinea pigs immunized with the 19,000 and the 24,000 molecular weight polypeptides of the adw type produced antibody that reacted preferentially with adw particles. This indicates that either these subunits carry predominately d determinants or that, because of the low levels of material used for inoculation, no immune response or an undetectable one was elicited to the a or w components.
A higher yield of Coxsackie B(1) virus was obtained when HeLa cells were infected late during S phase as compared to the amount produced by random cultures.
In view of the inhibitory influence of Mammillary Medial Nuclei, pars lateralis (MMN) on corticoadrenal activity, experiments were conducted in order to determine whether these nuclei are involved in the control of adrenal response to ether stress. In bilateral MMN lesioned rats, prestress plasma corticosterone concentration (C) is significantly higher than that in sham lesioned animals. Acute stress produced a significant C increase in both, sham and lesioned rats, being this increase lower in lesioned animals. After exposure to ether vapors. adrenal concentration of norepinephrine was similar in lesioned and control animals. Whereas, adrenal epinephrine concentration was significantly higher in lesioned rats than that found in the sham lesioned ones. This study demonstrates that the integrity of MMN is not essential for adrenal response to acute stress.
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