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Biomedical subjects

M Sundaram

Publications and source records attributed to M Sundaram.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Case report 747: Leiomyosarcoma of great saphenous vein.

Vena caval leiomyosarcomas are rare tumors; noncaval leiomyosarcomas are even less common and are rarely diagnosed preoperatively. We present a case of leiomyosarcoma of the great saphenous vein that was diagnosed by MRI based on its appearance and location. The presence of an intraluminal tumor in a vein on MRI should suggest the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma of the vein, allowing definitive operative excision. With widespread use of MRI for indeterminate soft-tissue masses, we anticipate presurgical diagnosis of venous leiomyosarcoma will be made with increasing certainty and frequency.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Misleading aggressive MR imaging appearance of some benign musculoskeletal lesions.

After plain radiography has been performed, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is considered the modality of choice for the evaluation of suspected musculoskeletal lesions because of its exquisite sensitivity to changes in the signal intensity of marrow and soft tissue. That sensitivity, however, may lead to an overestimation of the aggressiveness and extent of some benign bone lesions, particularly in children. Such lesions include chondroblastoma, osteoid osteoma, eosinophilic granuloma, and stress fractures. Potentially misleading MR features commonly seen include prominent marrow edema, soft-tissue edema, and apparent mass effect adjacent to the bone lesion. Features that these lesions have in common that may explain the MR findings include associated inflammatory reactions caused by the lesions and their occurrence in childhood, when the periosteum is more loosely attached. Knowledge of the potential pitfalls encountered with MR imaging may help explain the discrepancy between the radiographic and MR appearances of these benign lesions and avoid misplaced reliance on MR imaging for a diagnosis. Radiography remains the single most valuable modality in determining a differential diagnosis for bone lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Recurrent hemarthrosis associated with gout.

Gout commonly occurs as an acute arthritis. In a 64-year-old man, gout was associated with a proliferative hemosiderin-laden synovitis. The association of recurrent atraumatic hemarthrosis seems not to have been reported in the literature on gout.

Gout↗
PubMed1992

Leiomyosarcoma of the femoral vein.

Soft-tissue masses uncommonly completely occlude or engulf a major vessel. Complete occlusion of a major vein suggests that the mass originates in the wall of the vein. Such tumours are rare, the most frequently encountered type being leiomyosarcoma. The authors present a case of leiomyosarcoma of the femoral vein.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Domoic acid induced seizure activity in rats.

Domoic acid, in increasing doses (10-300 pmol), was microinjected into the hippocampal CA3 region of rats. All rats consistently exhibited generalized bilateral electrical seizure discharge activity at 100 pmol of domoic acid. Seizure latency varied inversely with the dose of domoic acid in the range tested. Local hippocampal administration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) resulted in neuronal recovery from domoic acid-induced seizures. The seizure activity of domoic acid might be the result of decreased GABAergic inhibition.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1991

Magnetic resonance imaging in symptomatic Paget's disease.

Four patients with symptomatic Paget's disease of the appendicular skeleton were evaluated by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The plain film findings in each case were advanced but dissimilar. All patients had progressive symptoms of pain, and one presented with excruciating pain of short duration. The radiographic features included diffuse progressive osteolysis, cortical resorption, insufficiency fractures, bowing, and cortical and trabecular thickening. In three of the patients, MRI was performed to exclude sarcoma, revealing preservation of fatty marrow signal in all phases of Paget's disease except in patients with an acute fracture (demonstrated by MRI) and sarcoma. Small, focal, linear or oval areas of low signal seen against a background of normal marrow signal on short or long TR/TE do not mimic tumor. These findings suggest that fatty marrow signal is preserved in advanced Paget's disease unless an acute fracture or tumor is present.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Solitary, spontaneous cervical and large bone fractures in aluminum osteodystrophy.

Aluminum-induced bone disease in uremic patients receiving dialysis was first described a little more than 10 years ago. The epidemic form of the disease was seen in centers where there was a high aluminum content in the water dialysate. Although this problem has been corrected, sporadic forms of the disease continue to be noted in dialyzed and nondialyzed patients. Multiple fractures are a radiological feature of aluminum-related bone disease. Fractures of the ribs and hips and vertebral crush fractures are the usual manifestations. We present four patients whose nontraumatic fractures involved large bones, without evidence of multiple fractures. In two of the patients symptoms were vague and subacute; a third patient with a subcapital fracture was ambulatory. Only in one patient (fractured dens) were symptoms acute enough to warrant immediate radiography. One of the patients had no symptoms pertaining to a fracture of C5 with retrolisthesis. Rib fractures are common in this condition but were seen in only one patient, in whom they were detected 8 years previously. Healing was not seen in any of the fractures. In patients receiving dialysis the presence of spontaneous fractures of large bones or cervical vertebrae, which may be clinically silent or vaguely symptomatic, should raise the possibility of aluminum-induced osteomalacia even if these fractures are solitary.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Case report 651: Thrombosed, leaking popliteal aneurysm.

A thrombosed, leaking aneurysm of the popliteal artery, mimicking a soft tissue sarcoma both clinically and by MRI examination, is described. It may be difficult to separate a leaking, thrombosed aneurysm from an inflammatory response secondary to a sarcoma with intralesional hemorrhage. An aneurysm should, however, be considered in the differential diagnosis if the mass is present in a well-recognized location for aneurysm and is associated with vascular engulfment and signs of subacute or chronic hemorrhage.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1991

Radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging of bone and soft-tissue tumors and myeloproliferative disorders.

New experience and new information in the field of musculoskeletal tumors and marrow disorders continue to be dominated by MR imaging. Much of the new information builds on what already has been established by MR imaging, namely its unrivaled position in staging musculoskeletal tumors and demonstrating the extent of marrow disease. MR imaging has now been evaluated for quantitative estimation of tumor necrosis following neoadjuvant therapy for sarcomas, characterization of soft-tissue masses, and its role in the treated patient with marrow disease. This review also includes some publications in the field of musculoskeletal tumors on radiography and nuclear MR spectroscopy.

Bone Marrow↗