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Biomedical subjects

M Szelachowska

Publications and source records attributed to M Szelachowska.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Idiopathic Fanconi syndrome in an adult].

Fanconi syndrome is a complex destruction of proximal renal tubuli which leads to glycosuria, aminoaciduria, phosphaturia and uraemia. These disturbances are accompanied with hypophosphatemia, osteomalacia and frequently hypokalemia. A 32-yrs. old woman diagnosed as suffering for 10 yrs. with Fanconi syndrome was admitted to the clinic with pain and numbness of the right leg which made walking difficult this resulted from progressive bone destruction. Biochemical disturbances and osteomalacia which are typical for Fanconi syndrome was confirmed in 1984. The reason for 3 hospitalizations in 1990-1992 were similar--especially leg pain and symptoms of uraemia. Recent X-rays showed osteomalacia with osteoporosis and progressive bone destruction. After she was put on a uremic diet, given vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus and sodium bicarbonate, there was a significant decrease in leg pain and relatively normal biochemical parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Iodine deficiency disorders in the north-eastern region of Poland (Białystok coordinating center).

This epidemiologic survey was carried out during the period between November 1992 and February 1993. Altogether 1431 children of age between 6 and 13 years from randomly selected 4 rural and 4 city schools were included into the study. The measurements of body height and weight, estimation of thyroid size by palpation and by USG were performed in every case. Urine was also sampled to measure iodine concentration with cerium-arsenic method. In 39.1% of the examined children goiter was found by physical examination and was more frequent in the rural group (41%) than in the urban children (36%). Mean iodine concentration in the urine was significantly higher in the group with goiter (52.7 micrograms/l) than in the group without goiter (42.3 micrograms/l) No symptoms of hypothyroidism were observed in the studied group. Moreover the presence of goiter had no influence on physical development of the children. According to the questionnaires, iodized salt is used by 26% of children in the cities and 16% in the villages. Neither iodine level in the urine nor prevalence of goiter was markedly affected by iodine prophylaxis. We conclude that the north-eastern region of Poland in an area of a moderate iodine deficiency and that the present model of iodine prophylaxis is insufficient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Activity of Ca(+2)Mg(+2) --ATPase in erythrocyte membranes of women with diabetes mellitus type I].

The activity of Ca(++)-Mg++ ATP-ase present in erythrocyte membranes was determined in basal conditions and following stimulation with calmodulin in 8 women with insulin-dependent diabetes and in 9 healthy women. The isolation of erythrocyte membranes and the determination of activity of Ca(++)-Mg(++)-ATP-ase were carried out according to the method of Gietzen et al. A decrease in the activity of Ca(++)-Mg(++)-ATP-ase in basal conditions was found in fractions with the highest erythrocyte content obtained from diabetic patients. After stimulation with calmodulin the activity of Ca(++)-Mg(++)-ATP-ase in all the fractions was lower in diabetic patients than in the controls. Low activities of the enzyme were accompanied by high values of HbA1c. The results suggest that glycosylation of the ATP-ase or/and calmodulin may be the main cause of the observed fall in the enzyme activity in diabetes. Also the disturbances concerning the cumulation of intracellular calcium may be related to the changes caused by glycosylation of Ca(++)-Mg(++)-ATP-ase or/and calmodulin.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Secretion and removal of insulin by diet.

The effect of a carbohydrate (C) and a carbohydrate-fat (CF) meal on peripheral plasma insulin and C-peptide levels was studied in seven healthy female volunteers. Lower but prolonged elevation of both hormones was observed after the CF meal. The C-peptide:insulin molar ratio was decreased profoundly at 30 and 60 min after each meal. After the C meal it returned to normal within 120 min but then was increased above the basal value at 180 min. After the CF meal the reduction in the C-peptide:insulin molar ratio persisted until 180 min after food intake and then the ratio increased above the level at 240 min. It is concluded that both meals increase the peripheral insulin level in two ways: increasing secretion and decreasing removal of the hormone. At the end of digestion, the latter effect is reversed and increased insulin removal seems to occur.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on cortisol secretion in insulin-induced hypoglycemia in animals with experimental diabetes mellitus].

An effect of the selective beta-adrenergic block with metoprolol and non-selective beta-adrenergic block with propranolol on the hypoglycaemia was investigated in 30 dogs of the control group and 30 dogs with alloxan diabetes. A significant increase in cortisol secretion was seen in the insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in both groups without beta-adrenergic block. It suggests an important role of cortisol in the normalization of glycaemia following an administration of the exogenous insulin. Beta-adrenergic block, especially with metoprolol, produces a significant increase in cortisol secretion confirming the report on direct effect of this beta-adrenolytic agent on cortisol secretion.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of beta-selective blockade on levels of glucagon in blood plasma during insulin-induced hypoglycemia].

The effects of beta-selective blockade with metoprolol on the glucagon blood plasma level during insulin-induced hypoglycemia were studied in 20 control dogs, and 20 alloxan diabetic dogs. The results indicate that the sensitivity to exogenous insulin is increased in alloxan diabetes glucose counterregulatory mechanisms are impaired. After insulin administration glucagon concentration increased much more and quicker in the control group than in diabetic dogs. Beta-blockade with metoprolol increased glucagon secretion in both groups.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Esters of cephalosporins. Part I. Permeability of cefuroxime liberated from its 1-acetoxyethyl ester through biological membranes; influence of the form and size of the ester particles.

Concentrations of cefuroxime [II] in blood of rats were measured 30 and 60 min. after administration of amorphous form possessing various particles size (ranging from 0.09 to 0.4 nm) and crystal form of 1-acethoxyethyl ester of cefuroxime [I]. In vitro the concentrations of [II] were measured 15 and 45 min. after application of [I]. HPLC method was used for cefuroxime estimation. Close correlation between the particles size of the amorphous [I] and the concentrations of [II] in vivo as well as in vitro was found, the particles with lover size possessed higher bioavailability. The cefuroxime front the crystal form of ester is poorly absorbed and the concentrations of [II] after its application were similar to those observed after of the bigest particles of amorphous form both in vivo and in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Esters of cephalosporins. Part II. Differences in the properties of various forms of the 1-acetoxyethyl ester of cefuroxime.

Physico-chemical and microbiological properties of three different forms (crystalline and two amorphous ones) of the 1-acetoxyethyl ester of cefuroxime and bioavailability after oral administration to rats have been investigated. Relation between physico-chemical properties of these forms and their bioavailability is observed. It is shown, that for oral administration the most appropriate is an amorphous form obtained by rapid evaporation of a solvent from solution of the ester.

Animals↗