Biomedical subjects

M Szymborska

Publications and source records attributed to M Szymborska.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[Assessment of the influence of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster on incidence of thyroid diseases among children in Poland. Preliminary results].

It was attempted to assess the incidence of thyroid diseases in Polish children born between 1980-1986, who at the time of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster were 0-6 years old, or whose mothers were in the third trimester of pregnancy. 3071 children have been examined, 1772 girls and 1299 boys. The following were assessed in each child: the health status, the developmental level, the thyroid ultrasound examination, and the level of TSH, FT4, antithyroid antibodies ATM and ATGL in the blood serum. Disorders in thyroid morphology (abnormal echogenicity) have been found in 462 children (15%), almost twice as much in girls than in boys. Goiter has been recognized in 4.6% of all children, an abnormal echogenity in 5.4% and focal changes in 4.8%. 3.9% of children have been found to have a high level of ATM antibodies, and 8.7%--a high level of ATGL antibodies. Among 6 children, who had thyroidectomy, 2 children have been diagnosed to have ca papillary and 4 children--adenoma.

Accidents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Thyroiditis in children. Personal observations].

Enlargement of the thyroid gland, local tenderness and thyroid function disorder are common symptoms of thyroiditis. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis) is the most common form of thyroiditis in children. This disease is a frequent cause of acquired hypothyroidism. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is characterised by infiltration of the thyroid gland by lymphocytes, gradual destruction of the gland and production of various thyroid autoantibodies, mainly antimicrosomal (ATM) and antithyroglobulin antibodies (ATGL). 54 children (45 girls and 9 boys) aged from 11 to 18 with confirmed or suspected HT were observed. The clinical diagnosis of HT was confirmed by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in 27 patients. In one case HT was histologicaly confirmed after thyroid surgery. FNAB was not carried out in 19 patients and in 7 cases FNAB was thyroiditis negative. All patients were positive for ATM and/or ATGL. Initially 24 patients were euthyroid. Hypothyroidism was recognized in 8 children, subclinical hypothyroidism in 11 children. One patient was hyper- thyroid. 51 patients were treated with l-thyroxin. Ultrasonography revealed variable thyroid abnormality in all patients: hyperplasia in 38 patients, multinodular goiter or solitary nodule in 15 patients. 8 children suffered from associated disease: 5 patients from allergy, 1 patient from trombocytopenia, 1 from alopecia areata, 1 from secondary amenorrhea. Follow up examination of children with HT must be continued due to the risk of hypothyroidism or neoplastic disease of thyroid.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Congenital hypothyroidism].

Congenital hypothyroidism is one of the most common diseases in paediatric endocrinology. Thyroid hormones are essential in brain development, which takes place during foetal life and early postnatal life up to the 2nd year of age. The main etiologic factors of congenital hypothyroidism are anomalies of development, function and regulation of the thyroid gland. Clinical signs of thyroid hormone deficiency in infants are non-specific. Early diagnosis is based on newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism, which was started in Poland in 1977. Treatment within the first days of life with appropriate dosage of thyroxine prevents mental retardation. This paper summarises current knowledge on congenital hypothyroidism in children.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A model for clinical diagnosis-treatment of the newborn with an abnormal screening test for hypothyroidism and in children with congenital hypothyroidism].

Congenital hypothyroidism occurs in 1:4000 newborns. Mass screening for congenital hypothyroidism constitutes a major progress in the prevention of mental retardation. The neonatal screening programme in Poland was established and implemented by the National Research Institute of Mother and Child from the middle of the 70. and reorganised in 1997. Recall examinations in the infants, substitute therapy with l-thyroxine and the follow-up of hypothyroid infants and children are presented.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The impact of iodine prophylaxis programme on thyroid gland morphology and function in children and adolescents from the Mazowieckie Voivodship].

The project was realised within the multicentre research programme no PBZ038-08. In all, 2967 children aged 11-18 years were examined, including 1712 girls and 1255 boys. The tested children came from the Mazowieckie Voivodship. Each child was assessed by thyroid ultrasound examination and the level of TSH, FT4 hormones, antithyroid antibodies ATM and ATGL in the blood serum. The level ofFT3 hormone in blood serum was assessed in every fourth child. The aim of this work was to determine the influence of obligatory iodine preventive treatment programme on the morphological and functional status of the thyroid gland in children and teenagers from the Mazowieckie Voivodship. The tested children were divided into three groups: 525 children examined in 1997, living in an area of moderate iodine deficiency, 1477 children tested in 1998 after a few months of iodine supplementation and 965 children examined in 1999 who were well supplemented by iodine longer than one year. The average thyroid volume and the incidence of focal changes in the thyroid gland were determined by ultrasonography, the mean of the TSH, FT4, FT3, hormone level was defined in blood serum in girls and in boys examined in consecutive years. In children tested in 1999 a reduction of the average thyroid volume and a statistically significant decrease of the percentage of children with goitre and with focal changes in the thyroid gland were observed in comparison to children tested in 1997. The results depended on iodine prophylaxis. A statistically significant lower level of FT3 hormone in blood serum was recorded in children tested in 1999 than in 1997. The largest number of children with high levels of ATM and ATGL antibodies in blood serum, exceeding 100 IIJ7ml, were found in 1997 (ATM in 8.6% of cases, ATGL in 17.3% of cases). The high level of ATGL antibodies was observed more frequently in children tested in 1999 than in 1998.

Adolescent↗