PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M T Correa

Publications and source records attributed to M T Correa.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Volatile constituents of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Sprengel) and rakkyo (Allium chinense G. Don).

Volatile components were isolated from Chinese chive and rakkyo by simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Sulfur compounds account for 88 and 94% of the total volatiles in the isolated extract of Chinese chive and rakkyo, respectively. In addition to the sulfur compounds commonly reported in the genus Allium, 27 novel volatile sulfur-containing components were found in the isolated extracts of both species. Among them were a sulfide, disulfides, trisulfides, and tetrasulfides with ethyl, butyl, and pentyl groups.

Allium↗
PubMed1999

Effects of sample storage and delayed secondary enrichment on detection of Salmonella spp in swine feces.

OBJECTIVE: To determine effects of fecal sample storage and delayed secondary enrichment (DSE) on detection of Salmonella spp in swine feces. Sample Population-Fecal samples obtained from 84 pigs in a commercial herd. PROCEDURE: Each fecal sample underwent 3 storage treatments: no storage (ie, processed on the day of collection), storage at 4 C for 6 days, and storage at -15 C for 14 days. After assigned storage treatments, all samples were enriched in Rappaport-Vassiladias (RV) broth (single enrichment) and plated on XLT4 agar. Delayed secondary enrichment was performed, using single enrichment broths that were stored for 4 days at room temperature. RESULTS: Of 504 cultures, 186 (36.9%) were Salmonella positive. A difference in proportions of samples with positive results was not found between same-day processing and storage at 4 C for 6 days. Compared with use of single enrichment for 24 hours (34% positive), use of DSE resulted in a greater proportion (40%; P < 0.001) of samples with positive results. Estimated relative sensitivities for the storage methods were 0.90, 0.85, and 0.71 for same-day processing, storage at 4 C for 6 days, and storage at -15 C for 14 days, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Where practical, processing of fecal samples on the day of collection is recommended, although storage at 4 C for several days does not result in marked loss of sensitivity. Improved detection associated with DSE warrants further investigation and optimization.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Epidemiologic evaluation of the risk factors associated with exposure and seroreactivity to Bartonella vinsonii in dogs.

OBJECTIVES: To determine seroprevalence to Bartonella vinsonii subsp berkhoffii in a population of sick dogs from North Carolina and Virginia and to evaluate potential risk factors associated with increased likelihood of exposure to the organism. SAMPLE POPULATION: Serum samples from 1,920 sick dogs. PROCEDURE: An indirect fluorescent antibody assay was performed on each sample, and the end-point antibody titer was recorded. A case (seropositive) was defined as a dog with reciprocal titer > or = 64, and a control (seronegative) was defined as a dog with reciprocal titer < 16 that was referred within 0 to 3 days of referral of a corresponding case. From this population, 207 dogs (69 cases and 138 controls) were included in a case-control seroepidemiologic study. RESULTS: 3.6% (69/1,920) of the dogs were seropositive to B vinsonii subsp berkhoffii. Results of the case-control study indicated that seropositive dogs were more likely to live in rural environments, frequently on a farm, were free to roam the neighborhood, and were considered to be predominantly outdoor dogs. Moreover, seropositive dogs were 14 times more likely to have a history of heavy tick exposure. After analysis of the case-control study, a more detailed examination of banked sera from dogs with known tick exposure was performed. High correlation was found between sero-reactivity to B vinsonii and seroreactivity to E canis or B canis (36.0 and 57.1%, respectively). Sera derived from dogs experimentally infected with E canis or R rickettsii did not cross react with B vinsonii antigen. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Several potential risk factors are associated with canine exposure to B vinsonii. Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the tick vector for E canis and B canis, may be involved in B vinsonii transmission among dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Survival of pseudorabies virus on swabs maintained under standard field sample shipping conditions.

Pseudorabies virus survival was compared using three different types of applicator swabs in Eagle's minimum essential medium held under shipping conditions (packed with frozen gel packs) for up to 96 hours. Virus titer decay rates for dacron-tipped applicators were not statistically different from those of controls. Titer decay rates were statistically different from controls for cotton- and calcium alginate-tipped applicators. With the lowest input virus titer, virus was detectable up to 96, 72, or 24 hours after inoculation for dacron-, cotton-, and calcium alginate-tipped applicators, respectively. Dacron-tipped applicators were chosen to evaluate pseudorabies virus survival on tonsil swabs collected from experimentally challenged or contact control pigs to simulate field sampling and shipping conditions. Virus was still detectable in 20 of 24 swab samples after 72 hours in cell culture medium under shipping conditions.

Alginates↗
PubMed1994

Heterogeneity of sulfated microdomains within basement membranes of pulmonary airway epithelium.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cytochemically defined distribution of sulfated macromolecules is significantly different in microdomains of basement membranes (BMs) associated with different levels of pulmonary airways. The high iron diamine-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (HID-TCH-SP) technique, which is highly specific for sulfate esters of glycosaminoglycans and some glycoproteins, was used as a probe to compare the BM of trachea, bronchi, and three different sizes of bronchioles. When HID-reactive sites were counted and statistically compared, significant differences were found between the three known anatomically distinct layers of the BM--lamina lucida (LL), lamina densa (LD), and lamina reticularis (LR)--relative to the airway level. The highest concentration of HID reactivity in trachea, bronchi, and large bronchiole was found in LR and the lowest in LD. By comparison, HID-reactive sites were found to be more concentrated in the LL in medium and small bronchioles. HID reactivity was consistently low in LD as compared with LL and LR in all five locations. The overall degree of HID reactivity in BMs was clearly highest in large bronchioles and lowest in medium and small bronchioles. This cytochemically detectable heterogeneity in the distribution of HID reactivity in BM microdomains may represent specific compositional differences in pulmonary BMs which are important determinants of epithelial cell function and might be expected to impact key biologic processes in normal and pathologic states.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effects of calving season and milk yield on pregnancy risk and income in North Carolina Holstein cows.

Effects of season of calving and milk yield and their potential interaction on days from calving to last breeding were investigated using survival analysis and an economic model in 2000 Holstein cows that calved during 1989 and 1990. The final Cox proportional hazards model included lactation number, calving season, and herdmate deviation FCM. The interval from calving to last breeding ranged from 40 to 570 d. Compared with cows that calved in fall, cows that calved in summer were two-thirds as likely to become pregnant. Conversely, cows calving in winter or spring were more likely to become pregnant. Milk yields beyond approximately 8025 kg lowered the risk of pregnancy. The interaction of season and yield was nonsignificant, suggesting that these factors may act independently to affect reproduction. Lower pregnancy rates associated with high yield were detected earlier postpartum than were lower rates associated with calving in summer. Within each season, higher yield offset the lower income over feed costs associated with poorer reproductive performance. Nevertheless, summer calving lowered income over feed costs per cow per year by $98, $2, $176, and $68 for low, medium to low, medium to high, and high yielding cows, respectively.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1993

Path analysis for seven postpartum disorders of Holstein cows.

Path analysis and multiple logistic regression with an extrabinomial variation error term (to account for herd) were used to model seven postpartum clinical disorders of dairy cows and factors related to the calf. Data were from 7761 lactation records from 34 commercial herds in the vicinity of Cornell University. Stillbirth increased the odds of developing metritis and retained placenta. The odds of developing dystocia and mastitis were lower when the sex of the calf was female. However, cows that twinned had increased odds of developing dystocia and retained placenta. Dystocia was related to an increase in the odds of retained placenta. Milk fever, dystocia, and ketosis each increased the odds of developing left-displaced abomasum. Postpartum periods with dystocia, retained placenta, or ketosis had increased odds of metritis. Two interaction terms involved parity: stillbirth for milk fever and retained placenta for ketosis. The extrabinomial variation error term contributed to the fit in all models.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Risk factors for downer cow syndrome.

A nested case-control study to detect risk factors for the development of the downer cow syndrome 30 d postpartum was conducted. Records from 2705 lactations from 12 Holstein dairy herds in the vicinity of Cornell University were collected prospectively between March 1981 and April 1985. Logistic regression was used to model the risk factors for downer cow syndrome. No confounding or modification effect by season of calving and parity was detected. The cumulative postpartum incidence rate for downer cow syndrome was 1.1%. Clinical hypocalcemia and stillbirth increased the risk of downer cow syndrome fivefold. An interaction term existed between dystocia and retained placenta.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A nested case-control study of uterine prolapse.

A nested case-control study was conducted to detect risk factors for periparturient uterine prolapse. Records from 4173 lactations were collected for 5 years from 17 Holstein dairies in the vicinity of Cornell University. Logistic regression was used to model the risk factors for uterine prolapse. Milk fever, dystocia, sex of the calf, and stillbirth were examined as potential risk factors. There was no confounding or effect modification by season of calving and parity. The incidence rate for uterine prolapse was 0.6%. Dystocia and milk fever increased the risk of uterine prolapse five and three times, respectively.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

An ecological analysis of risk factors for postpartum disorders of Holstein-Friesian cows from thirty-two New York farms.

Path analysis and multiple logistic-normal regression were used to model the interrelationships between stated herd management practices and herd 30-d postpartum incidence rates of dystocia, retained placenta, and clinical postpartum metritis, cystic ovary, milk fever, ketosis, left displaced abomasum, and mastitis. Management risk factors were obtained from a personal interview questionnaire. Data were from 2141 multiparous Holstein calvings from May 1981 through April 1982 in 32 commercial herds in the vicinity of Cornell University. Farms where the stated policy was to administer low calcium diets to the dry cows experienced more dystocia and retained placenta. More dystocia was experienced on farms where the stated policy was to administer extra vitamin D to dry cows, where dry cows were housed with the milking cows, or where calving occurred in maternity pens rather than stanchions. There was an increased likelihood of milk fever and left displaced abomasum on farms on which the stated policy was to lead feed. Farms where dairy farmers treated cases of retained placenta had more retained placenta than farms on which the treatment was done by the veterinarian. Farms reporting the practice of feeding the cows to increase their weight during the dry period had increased odds of ketosis.

Abomasum↗
PubMed1990

Effects of age, sex, and body size on serum concentrations of thyroid and adrenocortical hormones in dogs.

Thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), and cortisol frequently are quantified in canine serum or plasma samples to aid in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, hypoadrenocorticism, and hyperadrenocorticism. Many laboratories have established reliable references values for concentrations of these hormones in blood of clinically normal animals. However, nonpathologic factors that affect thyroidal and adrenocortical secretion may lead to misinterpretation of test results when values for individual animals are compared with reference values. The objective of the study reported here was to identify effects of age, sex, and body size (ie, breed) on serum concentrations of T3, T4, and cortisol in dogs. Blood samples were collected from 1,074 healthy dogs, and serum concentrations of the iodothyronines and cortisol were evaluated for effects of breed/size, sex, and age. Mean (+/- SEM) serum concentration of T4 was greater in small (2.45 +/- 0.06 micrograms/dl)- than in medium (1.94 +/- 0.04 micrograms/dl)- or large (2.03 +/- 0.03 micrograms/dl)-breed dogs, the same in females (2.11 +/- 0.04 micrograms/dl) and males (2.08 +/- 0.04 micrograms/dl), and greater in nursing pups (3.04 +/- 0.05 micrograms/dl) than in weanling pups (1.94 +/- 0.05 micrograms/dl), rapidly growing dogs (1.95 +/- 0.04 micrograms/dl), and young adult (1.90 +/- 0.06 micrograms/dl), middle-aged adult (1.72 +/- 0.05 micrograms/dl), or old adult (1.50 +/- 0.05 micrograms/dl) dogs. Dogs greater than 6 years old had lower mean serum T4 concentration than did dogs of all other ages, except middle-aged adults. Mean serum T3 concentration in medium-sized dogs (1.00 +/- 0.01 ng/ml) was greater than that in small (0.90 +/- 0.01 ng/ml)- and large (0.88 +/- 0.01 ng/ml)-breed dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Factors associated with the development of equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy.

A case-control study was done to identify factors associated with the development of equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy (EDM). Questionnaires were mailed to the owners of 146 horses admitted to the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine between November 1978 and June 1987 and diagnosed as having EDM by histologic examination. Questionnaires also were sent to owners of 402 clinically normal horses admitted to the college during the same period. Data were compared between the EDM-affected and control groups (56 and 179 questionnaires returned, respectively). Risk factors identified included the use of insecticide applied to foals, exposure of foals to wood preservatives, and foals frequently spending time on dirt lots while outside. Foals spending time outside on green pastures was a protective factor. Foals from dams that had had an EDM-affected foal were at higher risk of developing EDM than were foals from other dams.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of cyclosporine versus standard care in dogs with naturally occurring glomerulonephritis.

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a leading cause of chronic renal failure in dogs. However, little is known about the efficacy of available treatment options for GN in this species. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of cyclosporine (Cy) administration on the outcome of naturally occurring GN in dogs. Thirteen dogs from 4 institutions were included in the study. Randomization of dogs into placebo-versus Cy-treated groups was stratified according to initial morphological diagnosis and contributing institution. Seven and 6 dogs were assigned to be given placebo or Cy, respectively. The initial Cy dose of 10 mg/kg every 24 hours was adjusted to maintain 24-hour trough, whole blood Cy concentrations between 250 and 400 ng/mL. There were no statistically significant differences between placebo- and Cy-treated groups with respect to serum total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen and creatinine, and plasma protein concentrations; platelet count; urine protein-creatinine ratio; endogenous creatinine clearance; 24-hour urine protein concentrations; or 24-hour urine protein-endogenous creatinine clearance ratio. However, PCV was significantly lower in the Cy-treated group. Decreased appetite, diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, involuntary shaking, and thrombocytopenia were noted in both treatment groups; however, clinical signs in Cy-treated dogs subjectively were more severe. One Cy-treated dog developed gingival hyperplasia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abnormalities of the thoracic bellows: stress fractures of the ribs and hiatal hernia.

The thoracic bellows mechanism consists of the rib cage and the diaphragm. The purpose of this study was to determine if nontraumatically acquired lesions of the bellows were secondary to underlying disease. Abnormalities of the bellows, specifically stress fractures of the ribs and hiatal hernia, were found in 21 dogs and cats with underlying cardiopulmonary disease, neuromuscular disease, or metabolic disease. A case-control study of Bulldogs demonstrated that hiatal hernia was associated with the more severe manifestations of brachycephalic syndrome. Stress fractures occurred mostly in females and in cats, and involved multiple ribs. Fractures were usually related to severe respiratory effort, but also occurred in association with metabolic disease. Hiatal hernia was also associated with severe respiratory effort, but may be exacerbated if a neuromuscular disorder affecting the diaphragm is present. Abnormalities of the thoracic bellows, such as rib stress fractures and hiatal hernia, may be signs of underlying disease, rather than being primary causes of disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of fatty acids from strains of Mycobacterium habana and Mycobacterium simiae].

A comparative analysis of mycobacterial fatty acid fractions of Mycobacteriun habana and Mycobacterium sineae strains was made. This study used the gas-liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Chromatographic profiles obtained from this technique were exposed and compared. This technique proves to be valuable as an alternative element in mycobacterial characterization and makes it possible to analyze the possible differences that may exist among mycobacterial species and to identify the present fatty acid fractions. The outcome proved that the studied strains had quantifiable quantities of over 20 C atom chain fatty acids. There are small differences among the strains in terms of these organic components. It was confirmed that each of then describes a characteristic chromatographic pattern although the composition of present fatty acids is very similar in both studied species.

Fatty Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histopathology and epidemiology of condemnations due to squamous cell carcinoma in broiler chickens in North Carolina.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) lesions were confirmed by histopathology in 94% of 176 carcasses condemned for SCC during 8-hour shifts at four different processing plants. Lesions in the remaining carcasses were diagnosed as focal ulcerative dermatitis. SCC lesions were confined to the skin; no metastasis or invasion of underlying muscle was present. Monthly prevalence of SCC condemnations at processing was obtained from two plants for a 1-year period and from two additional plants for 3-year periods. Overall study prevalence of SCC varied between 0.03% and 0.09% of total condemnations. Servicemen were found not to have an effect on SCC condemnations for the only company that had these data available. Chronological trends were evaluated for SCC condemnations. A trigonometric model predicted 6-month cycles for one processing plant over a 3-year period. The same model was used to describe 6-month cycles present in the last 12 months of a 3-year observation period in a different processing plant. Chronologic trends were evaluated qualitatively for the two other processing plants.

Animals↗