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Biomedical subjects

M Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Taguchi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

High levels of immunoreactive endothelin-1 in human follicular fluids.

Follicular fluids were obtained from 180 follicles of 15 women undergoing follicular aspiration for in-vitro fertilization. Follicular development was induced by a combination of buserelin acetate and human menopausal gonadotrophin. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentrations in human follicular fluids were determined by specific radioimmunoassay. ET-1-like immunoreactivity (ET-1-LI) ranged from 338 to 928 pg/ml. ET-1-LI concentrations in follicular fluids obtained from immature (< 15 mm) follicles were significantly higher than those from mature (15-25 mm) and post-mature (> or = 25 mm) follicles. No correlation was found between the concentration of ET-1-LI, on the one hand, and that of oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, prostaglandin E2 or platelet activating factor on the other, in follicular fluids. However, a significant positive correlation was observed between ET-1-LI concentration and follicle stimulating hormone and IGF-II concentrations, respectively. These data suggest that the high concentration of ET-1 found in follicular fluids may play some physiological role in follicular development.

Buserelin↗
PubMed1993

[Differentiation of cholera-enterotoxin producing Vibrio strains by polymerase chain reaction].

The pathogenic factor of Vibrio cholerae that induces a severe watery diarrhea in humans is cholera enterotoxin (CT). We have earlier reported on the use of a specific polymerase chain reaction method (PCR) for confirmation of CT-production. In our results, a few CT-producing V. mimicus strains were detected by the method. Here we report on the PCR method using 2-primer sets in the same tube for differentiation of toxigenic V. cholerae (O1 and non-O1) and toxigenic V. mimicus. One primer pair is for CT-gene (ctx), and the other pair is for the toxR gene which regulates the ctx gene of V. cholerae. ToxR genes were detected in all CT-producing V. cholerae (both O1 and non-O1). There were no isolates of the ctx gene positive and toxR gene negative in all V. cholerae strains. On the other hand, V. mimicus strain has not recognized toxR genes except one strain which is similar to the character of V. cholerae. These results indicates that the CT-producing V. cholerae strains are regulated by the toxR gene, but the ctx gene of V. mimicus is controlled by another different genome from toxR of V. cholerae.

Enterotoxins↗
PubMed1993

Protein kinase C activation and calcium mobilization decrease prolactin release from human decidual cells in early pregnancy.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of protein kinase C (PKC) activation and calcium mobilization on the release of prolactin from human decidual cells in early pregnancy. Decidua obtained from patients in early pregnancy was enzymatically dispersed and cultured with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187 in a cell culture system. Prolactin in the medium was measured by enzyme-immunoassay. PMA, a PKC activator, dose-dependently attenuated the release of prolactin from cultured decidual cells, while a PKC inhibitor, H7, significantly (P < 0.001) diminished the effect of PMA on prolactin release. PMA had no effect on cell numbers or DNA synthesis in the decidual cells during culture. It did not significantly increase the generation of inositol phosphate in decidual cells prelabelled with myo-[3H]inositol and it had no effect on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). Calcium ionophore A23187, a Ca(2+)-mobilizing agent, also significantly (P < 0.001) attenuated the release of prolactin and potentiated the PMA-induced suppression of prolactin release from decidual cells. These findings suggest that activation of PKC and mobilization of Ca2+ may be involved in regulating prolactin release from human decidual cells. The PMA-induced suppression of prolactin release is not triggered by phosphoinositide hydrolysis nor by the increase in [Ca2+]i in decidual cells.

Calcimycin↗
PubMed1993

Characteristics of a 28-kDa collagenous protein extracted with guanidine from EDTA-demineralized rabbit alveolar bone.

Bone proteins in alveolar bone of mandibles from young adult rabbits (3-month-old) were extracted with 4.0 M guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl), followed by 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and again with 4.0 M GuHCl (G2-ext). The proteins in the G2-ext were fractionated on a gel-filtration column, followed by an anion-exchange column in the presence of 7.0 M urea. A 28-kDa protein was isolated from the G2-ext. The purified 28-kDa protein showed intense staining with silver on SDS-PAGE slab-gel under reducing conditions. This protein was digested with bacterial collagenase, and a 19-kDa fragment appeared on the gel. However, the protein was not susceptible to reduction with cyanogen bromide. The protein did not bind to hydroxyapatite crystals in the presence of 7.0 M urea, and also did not bind to some lectins. On SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions, the protein migrated as two bands; a new band appeared at approximately the 85-kDa region in addition to the original 28-kDa band. The amino acid compositions of the protein were similar to those of the alpha 1-pN-propeptide of type I procollagen obtained from other tissues.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1993

[Carcinoid tumor of the thymus].

Carcinoid tumor of the thymus is a rare tumor. It is difficult to detect thymic carcinoid tumors by conventional chest X-ray films. As a result many cases of thymic carcinoid tumor are discovered at an advanced stage. While it is difficult to make a definitive pathological diagnosis preoperatively, percutaneous needle biopsy by Surecut needle is possible. Median sternotomy is better than thoracotomy, as thymectomy and lymph nodes dissection are necessary. Of the 6 cases of thymic carcinoid tumors, 5 were diagnosed as atypical carcinoid histologically, and in 3 of those 5 cases lesions resembling small cell carcinoma were observed in some specimen. The causes of these advanced atypical thymic carcinoid cases were not good.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of new tetracyclic quinolone antibacterials.

A series of 8-substituted-9,1-(epoxymethano)-7-fluoro-5-oxo-5H- thiazolo[3,2-a]quinoline-4-carboxylic acids having a novel tetracyclic structure was synthesized and tested for antibacterial activity. The nature of the heteroatom (N, O, or S) substituted at the 8-position had little influence on the antibacterial activity. Among the six pyrrolidinyl derivatives and the five piperazinyl derivatives, the 8-(3-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidinyl) derivative 6h and the hydrochloride of the 8-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl) derivative 6l showed the most potent activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Against nalidixic acid resistant strains, isolated from Escherichia coli KC-14, compound 6h was less potent than 6l. Replacement of the piperazinyl nitrogen atom by a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom (corresponding to the piperidino, morpholino, or thiomorpholino group, respectively) enhanced the activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but reduced the activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Compound 6l also showed potent in vivo antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and did not cause convulsions in mice with the concomitant administration of fenbufen. Replacement of the carboxy group by a sulfonic acid group in 6l resulted in a complete loss of antibacterial activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Studies on genetic differentiation of Salmonella enteritidis isolates by plasmid profile].

Since 1989, the number of salmonellosis cases caused by S. Enteritidis has increased considerably in Japan. Genetic differentiation of 385 strains isolated from January 1982 to December 1988 and January 1989 to April 1991 were used for plasmid profiles. Plasmids were found in 377 out of 385 strains; therefore, only 8 strains carried no plasmid. Among 377 strains, 15 different plasmid profile types (OP-1 to OP-15) were classified. The most common plasmid profile types from 1982 to 1988 were OP-7 (70 kbp) and OP-8 (70 kbp and 2 kbp). On the other hand, the most common plasmid profile types from 1989 to 1991 were OP-1 (60 kbp) and OP-2 (60 kbp and 54 kbp). Serovar-specific virulence 60 kbp plasmids of S. Enteritidis were identified in 7 plasmid profile types (A total of 200 strains). In the other plasmid profile types, 70 kbp plasmids were found in 5 plasmid profile types (A total of 173 strains). In restriction enzyme analysis of 70 kbp plasmid DNAs obtained from 5 plasmid profile types of S. Enteritidis, we found that these plasmid DNAs shared both 60 kbp and 10 kbp fragments. These results indicate that these plasmid profile types also carried serovar-specific virulence plasmids of S. Enteritidis. The strains of plasmid profile type OP-2 were SA (sulfisoxazole) and SM (streptomycin) resistance, and the 54 kbp plasmids in the strains of OP-2 were transferred by bacterial conjugation into the E. coli strains. All transconjugants acquired SM resistance.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Detection of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli using polymerase chain reaction from dairy cattle].

The vero cytotoxin (VT) is responsible for hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect VT-producing coliform bacteria from dairy cattle. It was found that 39 (33.3%) of the 117 fecal samples examined were recognized with VT genes in BGLB enrichment broth by the PCR method (named BGLB-PCR). Of the VT-positive samples, 31 samples (26.5%) were found to have VT-producing Escherichia coli. Frequencies of isolation in younger cattle (under 5 months) were 31.3-32.9%. On the other hand, the PCR method using the bacterial suspension of some colonies from DHL selective isolation medium (named DHL-PCR), was used for 105 samples. The DHL-PCR was validated according to the number of colonies tested for detecting VTEC. When using E. coli strains which have been stored after isolation by the conventional culture method, the VT-producing strains found were 7 (10.3%) of the 68 isolates tested. The 101 out of the 108 VTEC strains from cattle were classified into 14 O groups. 4 O serogroups (O26, O111, O145, O157) from 60% of VTEC positive cattle, were also the most common in humans with diarrhea. All E. coli O157:H7 isolates failed to ferment after 48 hrs and to hydrolyze 4-methyl-umbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide (MUG). These results suggests that cattle may play an important role in human VTEC infections. The BGL B-PCR technique is usefull in ecological studies for VT-producing pathogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effects of insulin-like growth factor-II on proliferation and differentiation of ovarian granulosa cells.

The effects of insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) on the proliferation and differentiation of ovarian granulosa cells were studied in cultured human and porcine granulosa cells. IGF-II significantly increased basal progesterone secretion in granulosa cells at concentrations of 1-100 ng/ml. A stimulatory effect was also observed in gonadotropin-stimulated porcine granulosa cells treated with IGF-II. The secretion of estradiol by basal and gonadotropin-stimulated porcine granulosa cells was also significantly increased by adding IGF-II. IGF-II led to dose-dependent increases in [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA and in the number of granulosa cells. To further characterize the cellular mechanisms underlying the stimulatory effects of IGF-II on the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells, we investigated the intermediary roles of cyclic AMP and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Treatment with 100 ng/ml IGF-II produced a significant increase in the basal accumulation of cyclic AMP in porcine granulosa cells. However, no change of [Ca2+]i by IGF-II was noted. IGF-II produced effects in accumulation that were similar to those of IGF-I. Our findings suggest that IGF-II may be a general stimulator in the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells, and that cyclic AMP may be a second messenger for the effects of IGF-II in ovarian granulosa cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Nature and distribution of mineral-binding, keratan sulfate-containing glycoconjugates in rat and rabbit bone.

The presence of keratan sulfate (KS) and KS proteoglycans in bone has been demonstrated in birds and rabbits but comparison with other animal species has not been investigated. The nature and distribution of mineral-binding, KS-containing glycoconjugates in rat and rabbit bone were investigated with a monoclonal antibody (MAb 5D4) specific for KS. Mineral-binding proteins were extracted from the mineralized bone with 0.4 M EDTA without guanidine-HCl (E-extract). On Western blot analysis of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, rat E-extract gave a weak 5D4-reactive band, M(r) 66,000-68,000, whereas rabbit E-extract produced two major reactive populations of small and large molecular size; one population consisted of two closely spaced bands at M(r) 61,000-63,000 and 66,000-68,000, and the other population consisted of one band at approximately M(r) 200,000. The identity of KS chains was further established by the sensitivity of these bands to keratanase II (Bacillus sp. Ks 36) and endo-beta-galactosidase. Immunocytochemistry with MAb 5D4 showed that, in rat bone, staining associated with the mineral phase was limited to the walls of osteocytic lacunae and bone canaliculi, whereas the remainder of the mineralized matrix lacked staining. In contrast, in rabbit bone the staining was distributed over the entire portion of the mineralized matrix with focal accumulation of staining in the wall of the lacunocanalicular system. These results indicate that rat bone contains a mineral-binding, KS-containing glycoconjugate with preferential localization in the wall of the lacunocanalicular system, whereas rabbit bone contains at least two or possibly three types of KS-containing glycoconjugates distributed over the entire portion of the mineralized matrix.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Direct effects of bromocriptine on the steroidogenic capability of porcine granulosa cells.

The direct effects of bromocriptine on steroidogenesis were examined in cultured porcine granulosa cells. The following observations were made with bromocriptine: (1) It significantly increased the basal or FSH-stimulated secretion of progesterone in cultured porcine granulosa cells at concentrations exceeding 10(-7) mol/l; (2) its inhibitory effect on basal estradiol secretion was demonstrated; (3) it did not influence cell number in cultured porcine granulosa cells; (4) it increased the extracellular accumulation of cAMP in a concentration-dependent manner; and (5) it did not induce a change in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration. These findings suggest that bromocriptine exerts a direct effect on steroidogenesis in ovarian granulosa cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Determination of insulin-like growth factor-2 in feto-maternal circulation during human pregnancy.

In order to clarify the roles of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) on the human maternal-fetal environment, IGF-2 and IGF-1 levels were investigated in human plasma and amniotic fluid during pregnancy. Initially, new radio-immunoassay (RIA) systems for human IGF-2 could be developed. The sensitivity of this assay was 17.5 pg/tube and the cross-reactivity with IGF-1 was 0.64%. The pattern of change of maternal plasma IGF-2 in early pregnancy differed from that of IGF-1, but both IGF levels increased progressively in the second half of gestation, and decreased to non-pregnancy levels in the puerperium. Maternal levels of IGF-2 were approximately seven times greater than those of IGF-1. The ratio of IGF-2 to IGF-1 was 3.2 in amniotic fluid. The IGF concentrations in amniotic fluid obtained in the second trimester were significantly greater than those of term specimens, and closely related to those of prolactin (PRL) in amniotic fluid. The highest IGF-2 to IGF-1 ratio (15.9) was found in umbilical vein plasma. On Sephadex G-150 gel-chromatography of maternal and fetal plasma at term, two apparent peaks of unsaturated IGF-2 binding protein (BP) could be detected in both 150 and 40 kilo dalton (kD) regions. One main peak of unsaturated IGF-2 BP could be determined in the 40 kD region in the amniotic fluid at term. High concentration of IGF-2 could be detected in feto-maternal circulation during human pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1992

Direct effect of endothelin-1 on the granuloma cells of the porcine ovary.

Specific binding sites for endothelin-1 (ET-1), a novel potent vasoconstrictor peptide, as well as the effects of ET-1 on cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), intracellular total inositol phosphate (IP) generation and steroidogenesis were studied in cultured porcine granulosa cells. Scatchard analysis of a binding study using 125I-labelled ET-1 indicated the presence of a single class of high-affinity binding sites with almost equal affinity for ET-1 and ET-3: the apparent dissociation constant was 0.59 nmol/l and the maximal binding capacity was 1.84 pmol/mg protein. Affinity-labelling of 125I-labelled ET-1 to the membranes using disuccinimidyl tartarate as a cross-linker revealed one major and one minor band with the apparent molecular weights of 32 kDa and 49 kDa respectively. ET-1 dose-dependently (1-100 nmol/l) induced rapid and transient increases in [Ca2+]i in fura-2-labelled cells. ET-1 also dose-dependently stimulated total IPs in cells prelabelled with myo-[3H]inositol. ET-1 had a slight stimulatory effect on the secretion of progesterone but not of oestradiol from porcine granulosa cells. The present data clearly demonstrate the presence of a non-selective ET receptor (ETB) in porcine granulosa cells coupled with phosphoinositide hydrolysis and [Ca2+]i mobilization, and suggest that ET-1 may play some role in the production of progesterone by porcine granulosa cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of mineral-binding 40-kDa glycoprotein extracted from young adult rabbit alveolar bone.

A forty-kilodalton (40-kDa) protein was extracted from alveolar bone of young adult rabbit with 0.5 M EDTA after extraction with 4 M GuHCl, and purified by gel-filtration, anion-exchange and hydroxyapatite columns using a high-pressure liquid chromatography system under denaturing conditions. The purified 40-kDa protein was not susceptible to bacterial collagenase and thrombin, but was cleaved by cyanogen bromide. The protein was stained blue with Stains-all. Among various lectins, concanavalin A and lentil lectin agglutinin bound to this protein, but peanut agglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin, phytohemagglutinin-E and wheatgerm lectin agglutinin did not. Lectin binding assays showed that the protein is a glycoprotein containing large amounts of mannose and/or glucose residues, but is not a fragment of proteoglycan. The amino acid composition of the protein shows a characteristically high content of acidic amino acids. Therefore, the mineral-binding 40-kDa glycoprotein is considered to be osteonectin/secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), in terms of similarities to bovine and porcine osteonectins with regard to molecular weight and contents of glycoses and amino acids.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1992

[The effects of diazepam premedication upon atropine-induced hemodynamic changes].

Positive or negative chronotropic effects of atropine and their magnitude are known to be determined primarily by patient's age, atropine dose, anesthetic agents or techniques, and preanesthetic medication. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of oral diazepam upon the hemodynamic responses to intravenous atropine in awake patients. Diazepam group (n = 26) received oral diazepam, 10 mg, whereas control group (n = 20) received no premedication. The direction and magnitude of heart rate and blood pressure responses to atropine were similar between the two groups. Heart rate significantly decreased from baseline values following atropine, 2.5 micrograms.kg-1, returned to baseline values following cumulative atropine doses, 5 micrograms.kg-1, then significantly increased from baseline values following cumulative atropine dose, 10 micrograms.kg-1 in both groups. Mean blood pressure significantly decreased from baseline values following cumulative atropine dose, 2.5 and 5 micrograms.kg-1, and returned to baseline following cumulative atropine dose, 10 micrograms.kg-1, in both groups. It is concluded that oral diazepam, 10 mg, as a premedicant does not alter the hemodynamic responses to intravenous atropine in humans.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[A case of pulmonary blastoma].

A 45-year-old male with pulmonary blastoma was described. The patient suffered from headache and gait disturbance, and was diagnosed metastatic brain tumor. The histopathology of the removed tumor indicated metastasis from pulmonary blastoma. The pulmonary tumor, which had been detected on the chest x-ray film but misdiagnosed tuberculous lesion, was subsequently diagnosed pulmonary blastoma by TBLB. The patient underwent left upper lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection, but died 12 months after the operation. To our knowledge, only 54 cases with pulmonary blastoma have hitherto been reported in the Japanese literature.

Brain Neoplasms↗