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Biomedical subjects

M Tajima

Publications and source records attributed to M Tajima.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Detection of JC virus in the brains of aged patients without progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy by the polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridization analysis.

Ninety-one brain tissue sections taken at autopsy from 33 elderly patients (63-100 years old) without progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy were examined for the presence of JC virus DNA by the polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridization analysis after DNA extraction. JC virus DNA was detected in 15 sections from 10 patients. These results suggest that JC virus is frequently present in the brains of aged patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Morphological characteristics of a transplantable nephroblastoma (NB-Y) in F344 rats and the relation of tumour growth to hyper-reninaemia in NB-Y-bearing rats.

A transplantable tumour, designated NB-Y, was established from a spontaneous nephroblastoma in an F344 rat. NB-Y was serially passaged in syngeneic rats by subcutaneous implantation up to the 49th generation. The transplants grew into nodules with an average diameter of 5 cm and average weight of 92.9 g 4 weeks after implantation. The primary tumour and NB-Y consisted mainly of sheets or clusters of undifferentiated blastemal cells, which reacted immunohistochemically for vimentin but not for keratin. Renin-containing cells were observed in the small blood vessel walls within the primary tumour, but neoplastic cells of both primary tumour and NB-Y failed to stain for renin. Plasma renin activity was significantly higher (40.7 ng per ml per h) in transplanted rats 4 weeks after implantation compared with non-transplanted controls (28.0 ng per ml per h). Hyperplastic juxtaglomerular cells were often observed in rats bearing NB-Y. Sinusoidal dilatation was present in the liver, adrenal glands, pituitary gland and bone marrow of recipients, suggesting abnormal blood flow provoked via the renin-angiotensin system. The present study revealed the development of hyper-reninaemia in NB-Y-bearing rats, but its pathogenesis remains unknown.

Anemia↗
PubMed1992

Diabetes mellitus in cattle infected with bovine viral diarrhea mucosal disease virus.

Four Japanese black cattle and four Holstein-Friesian cows were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Based on intravenous glucose tolerance tests, all these animals were believed to be insulin-dependent diabetics. Moreover, bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (BVD-MD) virus was isolated and mucosal lesions and diarrhea were recognized in all cases. There was no genetic relation among the affected cattle. The breeding places of these cattle were different to each other. Therefore, it is suggested that BVD-MD virus induced the diabetes mellitus.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Stimulation of IgM production in human-human hybridoma HB4C5 cells by chitosan.

We screened for immunoglobulin production stimulating factors (IPSFs) in polysaccharides using human-human hybridoma cells, HB4C5, cultured in serum-free medium. Among polysaccharides, citrus pectin, locust bean gum, and chitosan stimulated IgM production of HB4C5 cells. Especially chitosan showed the strongest IPSF activity; 100 ng/ml of chitosan stimulated IgM production approximately 5-fold. Chitosan had several characteristics as IPSF, as follows. 1) For the IPSF activity, 70-90% deacetylation was essential. 2) Chitosan oligomers (n = 5, 6, 7) and chitin oligomers (n = 5, 6, 7) showed no IPSF activities. 3) The IPSF activity of chitosan was inhibited by glucosamine, one of the constitutive sugars of chitosan. 4) Chitosan stimulated IgM production of human lymphocytes in serum-free culture, but not IgG or IgA, nor in serum-supplemented culture.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1992

Isolation and serial propagation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in cell cultures and partial characterization of the isolate.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was isolated in Vero cell cultures from the small intestine of a piglet experimentally infected with porcine coronavirus 83P-5, that had been isolated during outbreaks of porcine acute diarrhea and passaged in piglets. The isolation of the PEDV was successful only in Vero cells maintained in the maintenance medium (MM) containing trypsin. Infected Vero cell cultures exhibited CPE characterized by cell-fusion and syncytial formation, as well as cytoplasmic fluorescence when examined by the indirect immunofluorescent test using rabbit anti-83P-5 virus serum. The isolate was adapted to serial propagation in Vero cell cultures by adding trypsin to MM. Vero cell-adapted PEDV was successfully propagated in the MA104, CPK and ESK cell lines in the presence of trypsin in MM. Vero cell-adapted PEDV had morphologic and physicochemical characteristics similar to those of other members of the coronaviridae. The isolate differed serologically from porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) and porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis viruses, and no antigenic relationship between the isolate and TGE virus could be detected by the indirect immunofluorescent test. Attempts to isolate PEDV in 6 types of primary fetal pig cell cultures and 6 of 10 established cell lines resulted in the failure, probably because these cells were damaged by the action of trypsin.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Prostatic carcinoma presenting as an abdominal mass: a case report].

Prostatic carcinoma presenting as an abdominal mass is a very rare disorder. A 64-year-old man was referred to our hospital with the chief complaint of a right lower abdominal mass on March 6, 1984. Physical examination revealed a firm, smooth, fixed, non-tender, pulseless fist size mass in the right lower abdomen. Rectal examination revealed an apple size, smooth and elastic firm prostate which had an induration. Needle biopsy of the prostate showed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. At first we regarded the abdominal mass as retroperitoneal tumor unassociated with prostatic carcinoma. After preoperative irradiation (20 Gy) to the pelvis, the abdominal mass was resected and bilateral orchiectomy was performed on April 11, 1984. The mass was histologically diagnosed as a metastatic lesion from prostatic carcinoma. On the basis of these findings, we considered the mass to be due to pelvic lymph node metastasis from prostatic carcinoma. His postoperative course was uneventful. In April 1991, he is still alive without evidence of recurrence or bone metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[A case of ureteral endometriosis; the usefulness of MRI for preoperative diagnosis].

A rare case of ureteral endometriosis is reported. A 46-year-old nulliparous woman was referred to our hospital because of right hydronephrosis which was detected by ultrasonography; Drip infusion pyelography showed right hydroureteronephrosis with the distal obstruction. MRI demonstrated right ovarian endometriosis and resultant ureteral stricture. Based on these findings, we made a preoperative diagnosis of right ureteral endometriosis. Right partial ureterectomy and ureteroureterostomy were performed. Pathological examination of the resected segment showed endometrial tissue around the ureteral lesion. She was administered LH-RH agonist (buserelin); her postoperative course was uneventful. IP showed no abnormalities 6 weeks after the operation. To our knowledge, this case is only the 55th case reported in the literature in Japan.

Endometriosis↗
PubMed1992

[Cavernous hemangioma of the spermatic cord: a case report].

Cavernous hemangioma of the spermatic cord is a very rare disorder. A 26-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with chief complaints of right intrascrotal mass and hematospermia on October 19, 1990. Physical examination revealed a hard, non-transilluminated mass in the right spermatic cord. The mass was resected via the groin. Pathological examination showed cavernous hemangioma. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. This is only the fourth case of cavernous hemangioma of the spermatic cord to be reported in the literature in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of cyclic RGD peptide on cell adhesion and tumor metastasis.

Several kinds of cyclic peptides containing an L-arginine-glycine-L-aspartic acid RGD sequence were synthesized by the liquid phase method, and we investigated their effects on the attachment of mouse B16 melanoma cells onto fibronectin-coated well. Cyclo (GRGDSPA) inhibited the cell attachment at a 20-fold lower concentration than the linear form. The cell adhesion was inhibited by the synthetic peptides with the following relative order of activity: cyclo (GRGDSPA) much greater than cyclo (GRGD) greater than cyclo (RGDS), cyclo (GRGDSP) greater than cyclo (GRGDS) greater than cyclo (RGDSP), cyclo (RGDSPA). Cyclo (GRGDSPA) was more effective at inhibiting cell attachment to vitronectin than it was at competing with fibronectin attachment, as reported in the case of GRGDSP. Moreover, cyclo (GRGDSPA) significantly reduced the formation of colonies in mice injected with B16-FE7 melanoma cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

JC virus detection by in situ hybridization in brain tissue from elderly patients.

Brains from 10 patients aged 68 to 96 years at time of death were studied for JC viral DNA and common papovaviral capsid protein. In situ hybridization of JC viral DNA was performed by affinity cytochemistry using a biotinylated fragment of JC viral DNA. Immunohistochemistry was performed on brain tissue by the avidin DH-biotinylated horseradish peroxidase technique using polyclonal antibody raised against the papovaviral capsid protein. Viral protein and DNA were detected in 4 of 10 patients. JC virus may be present in the brains of aged patients more frequently than previously suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Application of ELISA-ABC method to the identification of minute human bloodstains.

Bloodstained threads (1 cm in length) were tested to identify human origin by a direct ELISA-ABC method using biotinylated antibody against human HbA0. By this method human bloodstains were clearly distinguishable from bloodstains of other species including Japanese monkey. The minimum detection limit of bloodstains prepared from undiluted human whole blood was 1:5, 120 (28 ng Hb) and that of bloodstains from diluted human whole blood was 1:640-1:1, 280. Human Hb was more easily detectable in bloodstains prepared from diluted human blood after extraction with 5% ammonia than after extraction with phosphate-buffered saline.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Primary culture of chicken bursal plical epithelium.

Plical epithelial cells were obtained by trypsin-EDTA treatment of chicken bursa of Fabricius and cultured in the presence of type IV collagen. The culture became confluent six to seven days after seeding. The grown cells showed a positive reaction for cytokeratin by immunostaining and had ultrastructural characteristics of the epithelial cells in vivo. The cell culture will be useful for parasitological and virological studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Heterogeneity of cloned cell lines established from a transplantable rat malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

Four cloned cell lines, MT-7, MT-8, MT-9 and MT-10, were established from a transplantable malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of F344 rats to investigate the histogenesis of the tumor. Cells of MT-7, MT-9 and MT-10 had fine structures characteristic of histiocytes, such as numerous cell processes, many lysosomes and well-developed cytoplasmic organelles. They stained positively for histiocytic lysosomal and antigenic markers. In addition, MT-9 cells contained microfilaments and well-developed RER in their cytoplasm, suggesting that they may be facultative fibroblasts. MT-8 cells stained weakly for histiocytic markers and had scant cytoplasmic organelles. They were identified as undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. The tumors induced in syngeneic rats by inoculating MT-7 or MT-10 consisted of a mixture of the pleomorphic, myxoid and storiform types of MFH, and those by MT-9 were of the storiform type. Cells forming these tumors stained positively for histiocytic markers. Tumors induced by MT-8 consisted of undifferentiated cells negative to these stainings. The histogenesis of MFH is surmised to be related to various differentiation stages shifting from undifferentiated cells to histiocytic cells capable of acting as facultative fibroblasts.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Human herpesviruses infections (I)--EBV infection and immunity in cancer patients].

Human herpesviruses have been known to be reactivated from latent infection iin immunosuppressed individuals. To assess the immunity, antibodies to human herpesviruses (VZV, HSV, CMV and EBV) were measured in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and normal persons ranging from 40 to 80 in age. CF antibodies to herpesviruses except for EBV were negative in normal persons below the age of 60 and cancer patients aged 60 and over. The CF antibody titer higher than 1:64 occurred only in young cancer patients and older normal persons. The titer of VCA antibody to EBV ranged from 1:40 to 1:160 in more than 80% of normal persons and was higher than 1:640 in less than 7%. The ratio those with antibody negative or below 1:40 increased with the age. In contrast, the titer was higher than 1:320 in 70% of the patients, and the antibody was negative in none of them. In addition, the low titer occurred only in less than 5%. The rate of patients having higher VCA antibody titers increased with age, and the titer was high in more than 50% of patients in the 8th decade. In cancer patients, the higher the VCA antibody titer was, the less number of mature B cells, target cells of EBV, and the B cell functions were observed. This suggests that reactivation of EBV in hosts bearing carcinomas results in a fall of production of the specific antibody.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Combined cisplatin and radiation therapy for advanced bladder cancer.

Since September 1985, 44 patients with advanced urinary bladder cancer have been treated by combined cisplatin and full-dose radiotherapy. The patients were 32 males and 12 females, and their ages ranged from 33 to 83 years, with a median of 67.4 years. Radiotherapy consisting of a tumor dose of 50-60 Gy was administered with cobalt-60. Cisplatin was infused 5 days at a daily dose of 20 mg on the 1st and 4th weeks of treatment. Of the 39 evaluable patients 27 (69.2%) achieved a complete response. Toxicity was also evaluated for those 44 patients. Mainly gastrointestinal toxicity was noted: loss of appetite in 28 (64%), nausea and/or vomiting in 21 (48%), and diarrhea in 8 (18%). Leukocytopenia was noted in 16 (33%) and mild thrombocytopenia in 5 (11%). Mild dermatitis was noted in 8 (18%).

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Transplantable mononuclear cell leukemia in F344 rat with particular reference to nodular tumor developing at the transplant site.

A transplantable mononuclear cell leukemia (MCL) was established from spontaneous MCL in an F344 rat. In this work, we paid special attention to a nodular tumor, named MCL-YSK, developed at the subcutaneous transplant site. MCL-YSK was serially passaged in subcutaneous tissue of syngeneic rats up to the 19th generation. Transplants from MCL-YSK grew into nodules 3 cm in diameter and 11.3 g in weight 9 weeks after subcutaneous implantation. Neoplastic cells forming the nodules had azurophilic cytoplasmic granules, which ultrastructurally appeared to be lysosomes. The cells reacted positively for acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterase, but not for alkaline phosphatase, alpha-1 antitrypsin and lysozyme, nor reacted with anti-rat monocyte/macrophage monoclonal antibody and anti-rat CD-8 monoclonal antibody. They possessed Fc-receptor. Leukemic cells first appeared in the peripheral blood 6 weeks after transplantation when subcutaneous nodules reached an average diameter of one cm. Subsequently, leukemic changes progressed in recipients as MCL-YSK grew larger. The recipients died during the period from 8 to 12 weeks after transplantation, showing anemia, depression, splenohepatomegaly and lymph node enlargement. Diffuse or focal proliferation of sprinkled tumor cells was present in many organs. Hematologic changes suggestive of hemolytic anemia, elevated plasma enzymes and decreased drug-metabolizing enzymes, indicative of hepatic malfunction, were seen in transplant recipients. MCL-YSK was easily transplanted into athymic nude mice. The transplanted mice showed leukemic changes similar to those observed in rats with transplanted MCL-YSK.

Animals↗