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Biomedical subjects

M Tajiri

Publications and source records attributed to M Tajiri.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

A case report of familial cyclic neutropenia.

A 34-year-old female with cyclic neutropenia is reported. Family studies showed that her three sons and her mother were also involved. Oscillations in the blood neutrophil counts were almost regular, with a periodicity of 21 days. Numbers of colony-forming unit--granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) formed from the bone marrow cells of normal volunteers co-cultured with the patient's serum or mononuclear cell-conditioned medium (MNC-CM) were examined. Her serum prepared during the neutropenic phase inhibited the growth of CFU-GM, while her MNC-CM stimulated it. Human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) level in her serum was persistently high, with the peak occurring during the neutropenic phase. These results suggest that some inhibitory factors in the serum may be pathophysiologically important for cyclic neutropenia. To control infections, a pharmacological dose of hG-CSF was administered for 7 days around the early neutropenic phase. Her peripheral neutrophil counts oscillated from 1,200/mm3 to 17,000/mm3 with G-CSF, and from 150/mm3 to 1,800/mm3 without G-CSF.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Increased production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the patients with aplastic anemia.

The activity of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the supernatant of cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was measured in patients with aplastic anemia. It was significantly higher in patients with aplastic anemia than in normal controls, both when PBMC were unstimulated or when they were stimulated with PHA. Results from aplastic anemia patients were also significantly higher than patients who had received allogeneic bone marrow transplants. In aplastic anemia patients, the TNF-alpha value produced by PBMC upon stimulation and the platelet count were inversely correlated, as well those patients who had high TNF-alpha values tended to have lower hemoglobin and leukocyte values although this was not significant statistically. These results suggest that the increased production of TNF-alpha by PBMC plays a role in the severe suppression of hematopoiesis in aplastic anemia.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1991

Clinical effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on various types of neutropenia including cyclic neutropenia.

Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) was investigated for its clinical efficacy in the treatment of various types of neutropenia (3 cases with idiopathic neutropenia of suspected drug induction, 5 cases with idiopathic neutropenia of other origin, and 2 cases with cyclic neutropenia). Treatment with glycosylated rhG-CSF produced in the Chinese Hamster Ovary cells at dose levels of 2-5 micrograms/kg/day caused rapid increases of neutrophil counts associated with an improvement of the infection. In cyclic neutropenia patients, marked reduction in the duration of the neutropenic period was observed with rhG-CSF administration started before the period. Intercurrent stomatitis, which occurred in 1 patient, was markedly milder as compared to a previous episode which occurred during an untreated neutropenic period. The treatment of rhG-CSF was well tolerated and no adverse events were observed, nor was there any detectable anti-rhG-CSF antibody in any patients studied; hence the clinical use of rhG-CSF is considered to be safe. These results suggest beneficial effects of rhG-CSF on the recovery of neutrophil counts in cyclic and other types of idiopathic neutropenias, as well as for the treatment of neutropenia-associated infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Three cases of psittacosis].

Case 1 was a 55 year old female whose primary complaint was pyrexia. Anamnesis consisted of a fever at a 39 degrees C level beginning on September 15, 1987 with headache and muscle pain. The patient was examined by a nearby physician. Despite taking medication, there was no break in the fever. The patient was examined and admitted to this institution on September 18. Case 2 was a 32 year old female whose primary complaint was pyrexia and an abnormal sensation in the pharynx. Anamnesis consisted of a fever at a 39 degrees C level beginning on February 13, 1989 and the manifestation of a cough beginning on February 17. Although the fever broke on February 20, as the abnormal sensation in the pharynx persisted, the patient was examined and admitted to this institution on February 21. Case 3 was a 42 year old male whose primary complaint was pyrexia. Anamnesis consisted of a fever of 38 degrees C, cough and a sensation of pressure in the right precordia beginning on November 18, 1989. The patient was examined and admitted to this institution on November 21. Chest X-rays revealed the presence of atypical pneumonia in all three cases. As a significant rise in antibodies to the Chlamydia of parrot fever was observed in the cases at the time of admittance as well as after admittance, treatment was begun by administration of Minocycline.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in hemodialysis patient receiving deferoxamine].

Deferoxamine (DFO) has been widely used in the treatment of aluminum toxicity in patients on chronic dialysis. Mucormycosis is an opportunistic infection caused by fungi of the Mucorales order and some reports suggested a role for DFO in the precipitation of this infection. A 50-year-old man had been on hemodialysis for 16 years. 6 weeks before admission, he was begun on DFO because of aluminum toxicity. 2 weeks before admission, general fatigue and fever developed and followed by headache and loss of vision. He was admitted to this hospital with disturbed consciousness. His clinical course and a CT scan of the head suggested cerebral infarction. Within 24 hours he required ventilatory support and died 5 days after the admission. On autopsy, rhino-cerebral mucormycosis was demonstrated with a mycotic thrombus involving the left middle cerebral artery. Dialysis-related mucormycosis has recently appeared in the literature. We feel that hemodialysis patients on DFO may be at risk for potentially fatal mucormycosis infections. With a possible relationship between DFO treatment and this fatal opportunistic infection, caution should be given before using this drug and the indications should be definitive.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Human T-cell leukemia virus type I infection in hemodialysis patients.

Human T-cell leukemia virus Type I (HTLV-I) has been detected in a high proportion of individuals in Kumamoto prefecture (Kyushu) and Okinawa, where adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is more likely to occur. The seroprevalence of antibody to HTLV-I was evaluated in hemodialysis patients and healthy individuals in the ATL endemic area. The prevalence of antibody to HTLV-I in 13,329 healthy controls was 3.6%, compared with 19.7% in 949 chronic hemodialysis patients. The prevalence of hemodialysis patients was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than that in healthy individuals. Of 681 blood transfused patients who had undergone hemodialysis, 153 (22.5%) were seropositive, compared with 34 (12.7%) of the 268 who had not received the blood transfusion. The incidence was higher in dialysis patients who had been transfused than in those who had never received blood transfusions. Immune defects associated with uremia may have predisposed the patients to HTLV-I infection. Repeated antigenic stimulation from multiple infectious agents may have also played a role. The findings suggest an association between maintenance hemodialysis and HTLV-I infection, which can not be explained solely by blood or blood products.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Circulatory state of patients on chronic hemodialysis.

In 16 patients on chronic hemodialysis, the cardiac catheterization was performed. They had received the hemodialytic treatment for 41 months in the average. All but two cases had cardiothoracic ratio above 50%. It was 58 +/- 7% in all. The laboratory data, body weight, or the interdialytic body weight change was comparable with those of other patients with normal heart size. Pericardial effusion was denied by echocardiographic study. Cardiac index and the left ventricular stroke work index were higher than normal; 4.7 L/min/m2, and 85 +/- 31 g.m/m2 respectively. Cardiac index was higher than 3.9 L/min/m2 in 11 patients and left ventricular stroke work index was above 68 g.m/m2 (= mean value of control). The pulmonary artery wedge pressure was 16 +/- 6 mmHg and abnormally high in six patients (greater than 15 mmHg). The pulmonary artery wedge pressure was found to be correlated with the cardiac work (r = 0.53, p less than 0.02), and with the cardiothoracic ratio (r = 0.64, po less than 0.02). The present study revealed a circulatory abnormality of pulmonary congestion which may be brought by an excessive load upon the heart in the renal failure patients A further increase in the cardiac work by aggravation of anemia, retention of body fluid, or the elevation of blood pressure may easily result in an acute pulmonary edema. The reduction of the load by vasodilator may be useful for the relief of the acute rise of the pulmonary artery wedge pressure as suggested in the study of a small group in the present paper.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1981

Disturbance of serum lipid metabolism in acute renal failure.

Serial studies of serum lipids were performed on five patients with acute renal failure (ARF) due to five different causes (Of five patients one did not achieve complete recovery.). There were striking alterations in serum lipid levels at the period of oliguria in all patients, characterized by an increase in triglycerides (TG) and an extreme decrease in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C). These conditions gradually returned to normal as the patients improved. The restoration to normal of the altered lipid levels were preceded by normalization of serum creatinine (S-Cr) and followed by creatinine clearance (Ccr). These fluctuational patterns of the lipid levels in the course of illness were observed similarly in all patients who recovered, despite the difference in the cause of their diseases. Improvement of the lipid metabolism was not observed in the one patient who did not recover. These results suggest that the alteration in lipid metabolism of ARF is due to renal impairment and not related to uremic state per se.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1980

Vascular responsiveness and body fluid status in patients on chronic hemodialysis.

The vascular responsiveness and the body fluid distribution were studied in 5 hypotensive and 11 normotensive patients on long-term hemodialysis. A diminished vascular responsiveness to intravenously infused norepinephrine or angiotensin II was found in uremic patients, especially in the hypotensive group. A slightly larger, but non-significant circulating blood volume (CBV) and a less extracellular fluid volume (ECF) was found in the hypotensive group as compared with those of the normotensive group. These results suggest that with autonomic nervous dysfunction, such a diminution of vascular responsiveness may be an another factor responsible for the development of hypotension.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients on long-term hemodialysis.

The level of plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity in subjects at rest was found to be significantly lower in 12 patients on long-term hemodialysis than in a healthy 8-member control group: 28.3 +/- 7.2 and 13.6 +/- 7.6 IU/1, respectively (p less than 0.01). Following immersion of one hand of each subject into cold water (4 degrees C) for 1 min, a significant rise was observed in both groups, 6.1 +/- 4.8 IU/1 for the control and 1.6 +/- 1.4 IU/1 for the patient group (p less than 0.01). Upon tilting up the head of all subjects, activity in both groups increased significantly, but a markedly smaller rise was found in the patient group: 5.8 +/- 4.8 and 1.1 +/- 1.6 IU/1 for the two groups, respectively (p less than 0.01). The data suggest an autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients on long-term hemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Reflex vasoconstriction to a cold stimulus for non-invasive evaluation of neurovascular function in man.

The response of limb blood flow to cold stimulus was determined by venous occlusion technique in 30 healthy subjects. The stress was applied by immersing one hand into ice-floating water for 35 sec, and the blood flow was measured serially in the contralateral upper limb. The change of blood flow at the 15th sec of stress was the largest among the intermittent measurements, and decreased by 48+/-8% of the control value. A significant rise in plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase was found in response to the same stress. This simple cold stress test may be used to evaluate the function of the reflex arc involved in reflex vasoconstriction. A significantly diminished vasoconstriction was observed in 12 uremic patients with a concomitantly smaller rise of plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in the test.

Adult↗