Biomedical subjects

M Talja

Publications and source records attributed to M Talja.

77 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Bacterial adherence to self-reinforced polyglycolic acid and self-reinforced polylactic acid 96 urological spiral stents in vitro.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacterial adherence to biodegradable self-reinforced polyglycolic acid (SR-PGA) and self-reinforced poly-DL-lactic acid (SR-PLA 96) spiral stents in vitro. They are used as temporary urethral stents in urology. Gold-plated metal wire, polyurethane and latex were used as controls. Materials were incubated up to 28 days in artificial urine, after which a bacterial suspension was added. After detaching by sonication the adhesive bacteria were analysed as colony forming units (CFUs) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Adhesion was more significantly correlated to stent bacterial type than to the tested material in both assays. No encrustation was seen on SR-PGA or SR-PLA 96. SR-PGA and SR-PLA 96 had no effect on the bacterial growth. In conclusion, the bacterial properties are equally or more important than the material properties in the adhesion process.

Bacterial Adhesion↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reduced alpha- and beta-catenin expression predicts shortened survival in local prostate cancer.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of alpha- and beta-catenin expressions in local prostate cancer (PC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and eighty-one PC patients treated with radical prostatectomy were followed-up for a mean of 7.3 years. The alpha- and beta-catenin expression were analysed by immunohistochemistry TMT (tissue microarray technique) and light microscopy. RESULTS: Strong a-catenin expression was related to low Gleason grade (p < 0.001), cancer-free seminal vesicles (p = 0.04) and low preoperative PSA (p = 0.02). Strong beta-catenin expression was related to low Gleason grade (p < 0.001) and cancer-free seminal vesicle status (p = 0.03). Absence of nuclear beta-catenin expression was related to local disease (pT1-T2) (p = 0.05). alpha-catenin (p = 0.06), beta-catenin (p = 0.05), Gleason grade (p = 0.03) and capsular invasion (p = 0.01) were related to PSA recurrence in patients who reached PSA zero postoperatively. PSA recurrence-free survival (RFS) was significantly related to Gleason grade (p < 0.001), capsule invasion (p = 0.01), perineural growth (p = 0.05) and preoperative PSA (p = 0.05). In Cox's analysis, independent predictors of PSA RFS were Gleason grade (p < 0.001) and capsular invasion (p = 0.006). Low expressions of alpha- (p = 0.06) and beta-catenin (p = 0.05) were related to shortened PSA RFS. Survival was related to low alpha- (p = 0.011) and beta-catenin (p = 0.016) expressions. Independent predictors of shortened survival were seminal vesicle invasion (p = 0.016) and low alpha-catenin expression (p = 0.049). CONCLUSION: Reduced alpha- or beta-catenin expressions are related to malignant phenotype in local prostate cancer and predict PSA failure as well as shortened survival.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of Ki-67, cyclin D1 and apoptosis markers correlated with survival in prostate cancer patients treated by radical prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to analyse the prognostic value of proliferation markers Ki-67 and cyclin D1 and apoptosis in prostate cancer (PC) patients treated by radical prostatectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred and eleven patients treated by radical prostatectomy for localised prostate cancer were clinically followed up for a mean of 7.3 years. The primary histopathological specimens were re-analysed to ensure uniform histoplthological grading and pT classification. A tissue microarray construction (TMA) was used in immunohistochemisty to assess the expression of Ki-67, cyclin D1 and the apoptosis marker Tag. The results were analysed with light microscopy and the findings were compared to standard histology, pT and clinical follow-up data. RESULTS: The co-expression of Ki-67 and cyclin Dl (p=0.05) was common. High fraction of Ki-67 positive cells and a high fraction of apoptotic cells were often present in same tumours (p=0.05). High apoptotic rate was related to positive surgical margin status (p=0.047). Low expression of Ki-67 was related to a low Gleason score (p<0.001), an absence of either capsule penetration (p = 0.029) or perineural invasion (p=0.004). High expression of cyclin Dl was related to perineural growth (p=0.039). Prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence-free survival (RFS) was predicted by Gleason grade (p<0.001) and capsule invasion (p=0.006). High expression of Ki-67 (p=0.03), as well as high apoptotic rate (p=0.04) were related to a high risk of cancer death. In multivariate analysis the seminal vesicle invasion was the only independent predictor of cancer death (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The expression of Ki-67, cyclin D1 and a high apoptotic rate are related to a malignant phenotype in prostate cancer, but their prognostic value is inferior to standard histological prognostic factors.

Apoptosis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Results of the primary treatment in T1-3M0 prostatic adenocarcinoma are dependent on tumour biology.

The results of the primary treatment were analysed in relation to biological prognostic factors in a series of 215 males with T1-3M0 prostatic adenocarcinoma. T-category, Gleason score and DNA ploidy were significantly related to progression-free survival and overall survival. Incidental tumours usually had a favorable prognosis, 86% of them being diploid, whereas the incidental aneuploid tumours (14%) ran an unfavorable course. In clinically malignant prostates (TPR), neither Gleason score nor DNA ploidy had prognostic significance. The treatment had prognostic significance only in diploid tumours or in tumours with Gleason score value < or = 7, while aneuploid tumours or tumours with Gleason score value > 7 always had unfavorable prognosis irrespective of treatment. Tumours treated by radical prostatectomy or by radical radiation treatment were associated with a favorable prognosis, as contrasted to the tumours treated by endocrine treatment or those followed-up only, which had a high rate of mortality. Transurethral resection was weakly related to increased risk of death from prostatic adenocarcinoma, although the basic mechanisms behind this observation remain to be explained.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tumor vascularity and basement membrane structure as prognostic factors in T1-2MO prostatic adenocarcinoma.

The basement membrane (BM) structure and vascular density (VD) were analysed using collagen IV immunostaining in a series of 88 T1-2MO prostatic adenocarcinomas. The results were correlated with the established prognostic factors and patient survival based on a follow-up of > 11 years. Prostatic cancer cells retained their capacity to synthesize BM components, although defects in the BM structures were associated with T2 category and high Gleason score. Progression of the tumours was related to the defects in BM continuity, and defective BMs were also a sign of poor outcome. High grade tumours were occupied by dense vascular network and dense VD was a sign of a poor outcome. Gleason score was a significant predictor of progression and patient survival, as was the T-category. Multivariate analysis of the prognostic factors indicated that Gleason score included all the available independent prognostic information. The results show that all prostatic adenocarcinomas continue to synthesize BM components, although the structure and continuity is disturbed in poorly differentiated tumours. A rich vascular network is a sign of highly malignant phenotype in prostatic adenocarcinoma. However, an assessment of the BM and VD is of limited independent prognostic value.

Adenocarcinoma↗