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Biomedical subjects

M Taneda

Publications and source records attributed to M Taneda.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1 and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoline by human adult and fetal livers.

The mutagenic activation of promutagens by human adult and fetal livers was investigated using the umu test system. Among the promutagens studied, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and 2-amino-3-methyl-imidazo[4,5-f] quinoline (IQ) were efficiently activated to mutagens by both adult and fetal livers. 7,8-Benzoflavone inhibited the activation of IQ by fetal livers, but the inhibition observed in fetal livers was much less than that observed in adult livers. Antibodies to P450HM1 (P450111A4) and P450HFLa markedly inhibited the activation of AFB1 by adult and fetal livers, respectively. The formation of genotoxic product(s) from IQ in human adult livers was almost completely inhibited by anti-P448H (P4501A2) antibodies but not by anti-P450HM1 antibodies, whereas that in fetal livers was inhibited by both anti-P450HFLa and anti-P450IA2 antibodies. P450HFLa catalyzed the mutagenic activation of both AFB1 and IQ in a reconstituted system. On the contrary, P450HM1 catalyzed the mutagenic activation of AFB1 but not IQ. A preparation of cytochrome P450 partially purified from human fetal livers and cross-reactive with anti-P450IA2 antibodies was found to be active for mutagenic activation of IQ in a reconstituted system. These results indicate that P450HFLa and P450HM1 are mainly involved in the genotoxic product formation from AFB1 in fetal and adult livers, respectively, and that the metabolic activation of IQ in fetal livers is catalyzed by two forms of cytochrome P450, P450HFLa, and cytochrome P450 immunochemically related to P450IA2 but that in adult livers it is mainly catalyzed by cytochrome P450 related to P450IA2.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Respiratory function in handicapped children.

The aim of this study was to evaluate respiratory function of severely handicapped children. Tidal volumes and respiratory rates were determined in a total of 130 children with different clinical motor abilities. Tidal volume of non-sitters (n = 39) was significantly lower than ambulators (n = 49) or sitters (n = 42) (p less than 0.01). There was no difference in respiratory rate among the three groups. Among 45 children whose vital capacity could be determined, the tidal volumes showed a significant correlation with vital capacity (r = 0.56, p less than 0.001). Among four children whose tidal volume was less than 200 ml and respiratory rate was more than 30 cpm, blood gas analysis revealed hypoxia in three of them. The tidal volumes, therefore, would be a useful guide to estimate respiratory functions. It was concluded that the respiratory function in a non-sitter with reduced tidal volume is impaired, and that preventive measures must be taken against respiratory infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Angiographic demonstration of acute phase of intracranial arterial spasm following aneurysm rupture. Case report.

A case documenting the acute phase of intracranial arterial spasm following rupture of an aneurysm arising from the left internal carotid artery is reported. The patient deteriorated due to recurrent hemorrhage while undergoing angiography 12 hours after the initial aneurysm rupture. The acute deterioration was accompanied by dilatation of the ipsilateral pupil and occurred during injection of contrast material. There was delayed filling of the middle cerebral artery complex along with this narrowing. The arterial narrowing was confirmed to have completely disappeared on an angiographic series performed 14 minutes after the first series of films. The etiology of the acute vasospasm is discussed.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1990

[A case report of postoperative thyroid crisis accompanied with struma ovarii].

A 39-year-old female without any specific past history was scheduled to receive an operation for myoma uteri and ovarian cyst. She was premedicated with atropine. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental and was maintained with nitrous oxide and enflurane. Tachycardia shortly after premedication with atropine and remarkable sweat during the operation were observed. On the 1st postoperative day an outbreak of thyroid crisis as well tachycardia of 180.min-1 and fever (39.3 degrees C) were observed. Such outbreak of thyroid crisis indicated that the patient had been suffering from Grave disease. Pathological diagnosis of extirpated ovarian cyst was struma ovarii. It is, however, still uncertain whether struma ovarii induced thyroid crisis in this case. It might be concluded that screening of hyperthyroidism at preoperative rounds is essential for prevention of thyroid crisis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Mutagenic activation of aflatoxin B1 by P-450 HFLa in human fetal livers.

The genotoxic and mutagenic activation of promutagens by human fetal livers was measured by the induction of umu gene expression in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSk1002. Liver homogenates of human fetuses were the most active for the mutagenic activation of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), followed by 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline (IQ), and to a lesser extent by 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido(1,2-a:3',2'-d)imidazole (Glu-P-1). The amounts of P-450 HFLa immunochemically determined in human fetal livers correlated highly with the induction of umu gene expression by AFB1 (r = 0.98, n = 5). P-450 HFLa catalyzed the mutagenic activation of AFB1 in a reconstituted system: cytochrome b5 markedly stimulated the activation. Anti-P-450 HFLa antibodies inhibited the mutagenic activation of AFB1 in a dose-dependent manner. These results strongly support the idea that P-450 HFLa is responsible for the mutagenic activation of AFB1 in human fetal livers.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1989

Immunochemical studies for the presence of P-450 HFLa, a form of cytochrome P-450 in human fetal livers in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Immunohistochemical localization of P-450 HFLa, a form of cytochrome P-450 in human fetal livers was investigated in human hepatocellular carcinoma. The cytoplasm of carcinoma cells positively reacted with anti-P-450 HFLa antibodies. It was found that the carcinoma cells showing a pseudoglandular pattern or poorly differentiated appearance exhibited a weaker reactivity with anti-P-450 HFLa antibodies than did relatively differentiated carcinoma cells. In the case of hepatoblastoma, the polygonal or round-shaped tumor cells which differentiated into epithelial structure exhibited a positive reaction with anti-P-450 HFLa antibodies, whereas the spindle-shaped tumor cells which showed a sarcomatous appearance did not react with the antibodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Coronary artery spasm under thoracic epidural anesthesia].

Three paroxysmal episodes of ST-segment elevation in lead II of ECG were observed during bullectomy and chest closing under epidural anesthesia supplemented with enflurane in compressed air in a patient who had history of variant angina with 50% obstruction of right coronary artery. The first and the third episodes were followed by ventricular tachycardia, complete A-V block and hypotension. These attacks were preceded by decreases in heart rate and blood pressure. It was suspected that coronary artery spasm developed with increased vagal tone under thoracic epidural block. The first and the second attacks were successfully treated with intravenous injection of nitroglycerin and lidocaine. The third attack needed additional treatments which included intravenous administrations of atropine, epinephrine, isoproterenol and phenylephrine and direct heart massage through the thoracic incision. Postoperative serial examinations of ECG showed inverted T in lead V1-V4, and serum enzymes (GOT, GPT, LDH, CPK, CPK-MB) were elevated. However ratio of CPK-MB to total CPK was only 1.5%. The patient was discharged two weeks after the operation with normal ECG and serum enzymes. It is speculated that coronary artery spasm was induced by hypotension and vagal stimulation under epidural anesthesia which blocks cardiac sympathetic nerves.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Astrocytic proliferation in the brain adjacent to infarcted lesion: immunohistochemical study of astroprotein (GFAP) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)].

Although cerebral infarction is a destructive process of nerve cells and brain tissue, the nature is not exclusively disintegrating but also includes active cellular reaction which may modify the progression of tissue damage. Most prominent cellular reaction in the area surrounding infarction can be recognized as a trophic or proliferative change of glial cells. In the present study we produced a focal cerebral ischemia in Mongolian gerbils and investigated the dynamic change of astrocytes in the brain adjacent to thalamic infarction. Using immunohistochemical methods, astrocytes were identified with the antibody to astroprotein (GFAP) and the DNA synthesizing (S phase) cells were detected with the antibody to bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). The posterior communicating artery of a gerbil was occluded by coagulation through the trans-tympanic bulla approach under general anesthesia with ketamine hydrochloride (80 mg/kg, i.p.). Thirty min after intravenous administration of BrdU (200 mg/kg), animals were sacrificed by transcardiac perfusion with 75% ethanol on days 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 post-infarction. Ethanol-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks were cut coronally into 6 microns-thick sections at the level of dorsal hippocampus. Double-labeled immunohistochemical technique (avidin biotin peroxidase-complex method) was carried out with each antibody using 3,3'-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride and 4-chloro-1-naphthol as chromogens. The population of GFAP-positive cells and their S-phase fraction (the number of BrdU-positive nuclei divided by the number of GFAP-positive cells expressed in per cent, %) were examined. The data demonstrated that the regional GFAP-positive cells increased continuously between days 1 to 5 (105.9 to 528.8 cells/mm2) postinfarction (44.6 cells/mm2 in normal brain).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Primary cerebellar hemorrhage. Quadrigeminal cistern obliteration on CT scans as a predictor of outcome.

The authors studied a consecutive series of 75 patients with cerebellar hemorrhage diagnosed by computerized tomography (CT) scanning, and assessed the relationship of outcome to the CT appearance of the quadrigeminal cistern, which in some cases was obliterated by rostral displacement of the vermis resulting from the cerebellar mass. Obliteration of the quadrigeminal cisterns was classified on the CT scans into three grades: normal (Grade I), compressed (Grade II), or absent (Grade III). There were 43 patients with Grade I, 16 with Grade II, and 16 with Grade III cisterns. Of the 75 patients, 38 (88.4%) of those with Grade I, 11 (68.8%) of those with Grade II, and none of those with Grade III cisterns returned to their previous activities at 6 months or more after onset. A Grade I cistern predicted a good outcome whether the hematoma was evacuated or not, as long as obstructive hydrocephalus, if present, was relieved early. However, a Grade II cistern was not predictive of a good outcome unless the hematoma was evacuated within 48 hours after onset of the hemorrhage. A Grade III cistern invariably predicted an unfavorable outcome. It is concluded that the CT grade of quadrigeminal cistern obliteration is an accurate indicator of outcome and is highly useful in selecting appropriate treatment for patients with cerebellar hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Nonclostridial gas-producing phlegmone originating in the right thigh of a diabetic patient: report of a case with autopsy findings].

A 49-year-old male with a history of diabetes mellitus of a period of twenty years noticed pain and feverish sensation in both thighs and both inguinal regions: they were more severe in the right than in the left. There were redness and swelling of the skins of the scrotum and of the superomedial aspects of both thighs. He had no diabetic ulcer on the right foot or right leg. Examination revealed evidence of gas retention in the subcutaneous tissue of the right thigh. Incision confirmed the presence of pus, from which Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis were cultured. His condition gradually deteriorated despite wide incision, debridement, irrigation, and intensive chemotherapy. He expired on the 26th hospital day. Autopsy showed phlegmone of the right loin, right buttock, right thigh, and upper half of the right leg. We presume that the skin of the superomedial aspect of the right thigh was first infected. Bacteria rapidly invaded into the subcutaneous tissue; they induced phlegmone with gas production. We conclude that phlegmone of the right thigh simultaneously spread both to the right loin and right buttock, and to the right leg.

Bacteroides Infections↗
PubMed1985

Reversible arterial hypotension after acute aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The authors report five patients who developed transient arterial hypotension immediately after the rupture of cerebral aneurysms. They manifested deep coma (three cases), abnormal electrocardiogram (four cases), and remarkable pulmonary edema (two cases). The level of consciousness in all three patients who were in deep coma improved with the normalization of blood pressure. Although two patients died of recurrent hemorrhage, the other three patients were discharged in satisfactory condition. Serious clinical conditions that are not terminal and are caused by arterial hypotension immediately after the rupture of cerebral aneurysms are sometimes reversible with adequate treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Angiographic disappearance of multiple dural arteriovenous malformations. Case report.

Angiographic disappearance of two dural arteriovenous malformations (AVM's) in different locations in one case is reported. One of the AVM's involved the right transverse sinus, and the other involved the superior sagittal sinus. The patient's presenting symptoms were due to obstructive hydrocephalus resulting from a small intraventricular hemorrhage that was diagnosed by computerized tomography on admission. The symptoms cleared 25 hours after the ictus in conjunction with improvement of hydrocephalus. The AVM involving the right transverse sinus was supplied by the occipital artery, but ligation of that artery was not successful in eliminating the anomaly. One year later, follow-up angiography revealed disappearance of both dural AVM's.

Carotid Artery, External↗
PubMed1984

Effect of aluminum on rat brain. Enhancement by calcium deficiency.

Experimental aluminum intoxication was performed in rats both with normal diet and calcium-deficient diet feeding for 4 weeks in order to elucidate the neurotoxic effect of aluminum and the relationship between aluminum and calcium metabolism. Ultrastructural changes of the cerebrum were studied chronologically. In addition, the distribution of aluminum in the neurons was analyzed using an X-ray microprobe analysis. In the group with aluminum administration alone, the endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes and synapses showed only mild degenerative changes. However, no significant abnormality was present in the axons, dendrites and perikaryon of the neurons. No detectable aluminum was present in the neurons. When aluminum intoxication was coupled with calcium deficiency, morphologic changes as seen in the group with aluminum administration alone were observed in the blood vessels, astrocytes and synapses from the early stage. The synaptic degeneration was more prominent. The degenerative changes were also present in the axons, dendrites and even perikaryon. The presence of aluminum was demonstrated in the neurons. These results suggest that in the secondary hyperparathyroidism due to calcium deficiency, aluminum transportation to the neurons is enhanced and aluminum neurotoxicity causes more prominent degeneration.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography for diagnosis and assessment of cerebral fat embolism.

A patient with cerebral fat embolism was followed by computed tomography (CT). For the first few days after injury, CT revealed no abnormality. About a week later, multiple low density areas appeared in the white matter of the frontal region. They disappeared within the subsequent 2 weeks while subdural effusions developed in the fronto-parieto-temporal regions. As neurologic recovery progressed, the subdural effusions gradually diminished and cerebral atrophy was seen.

Adolescent↗