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Biomedical subjects

M Teitelbaum

Publications and source records attributed to M Teitelbaum.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

The saliva of the medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis--I. Biochemical characterization of the high molecular weight fraction.

1. A method is described for obtaining dilute Hirudo medicinalis saliva by feeding leeches through a membrane on arginine/saline and squeezing them immediately after from the posterior end forwards. The process can be repeated at intervals. Yields are considerably higher than from salivary gland extracts. 2. Hirudo saliva contains hirudin, eglin, hyaluronidase, collagenase and apyrase. Leech collagenase and apyrase are here reported for the first time. 3. On gel filtration of lyophilized saliva, activity peaks were well defined. Approximate molecular weights were determined. Apyrase appears in two forms with optimum activity around pH 7.5. Collagenase was identified as belonging to the mammalian type.

Adenylate Kinase↗
PubMed1987

The saliva of the medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis--II. Inhibition of platelet aggregation and of leukocyte activity and examination of reputed anaesthetic effects.

1. Leech saliva inhibits platelet aggregation induced by collagen, ADP and epinephrine. 2. Leech saliva inhibits superoxide production by neutrophils stimulated by tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate or polyhistidine. The effect is due in part at least to eglin. 3. Reputed anaesthetic effects of leech saliva were not detected.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Utilization of psychiatric consultation for elderly patients.

Six hundred fifty-one psychiatric consultations performed during a one-year period were reviewed retrospectively. Cognitive impairment was present in 54 per cent and depression in 27 per cent of the elderly patients in the population studied. A second study of the point prevalence of cognitive and emotional disorders in the hospital was carried out using the Mini-Mental State Exam and the General Health Questionnaire. Emotional disorders had similar prevalences in all age groups but cognitive disorders were more common in the elderly. Twenty-one per cent of consultations were done on patients over the age of 60, although elderly patients occupied 28.5 per cent of hospital beds. Thus, elderly patients were less often referred for psychiatric consultation than younger patients, although the incidence of psychiatric disorders increases with age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Application of differential reinforcement to control disruptive behaviours of mentally retarded students during remedial instruction.

This research was concerned with training special education practitioners to utilise DRO procedures (differential reinforcement of other behaviour) to control disruptive behaviours of mentally retarded students during remedial instruction. The procedures consisted of delivering an edible treat to the students if they failed to exhibit specified problem behaviours during selected time frames. In Study I, out-of-seat behaviour of a six-year-old mildly retarded girl was eliminated in two classroom settings following application of DRO. In addition, treatment effects generalised to a second problem behaviour, disruptive vocalising. In Study II, vocal disruption of a sixteen-year-old severely retarded boy was reduced to near-zero levels during speech therapy sessions. Both studies employed single case experimental designs to determine functional control of the reinforcement contingencies and utilised adjusting schedules to gradually increase the interval for reinforcement. The advantages of DRO programmes in special education settings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Premenstrual syndrome and atopy: a double-blind clinical evaluation of treatment with a gamma-globulin/histamine complex.

The relationship between atopy and premenstrual syndrome was studied in 138 women, aged between 20 and 39-years' old, who had suffered from symptoms for at least 6 months. The results showed that there was a high incidence of a personal or familial history of allergy, immediate positive skin test reactions to conventional allergens, eosinophilia, low titre of histamine latex test and high levels of IgE in the premenstrual syndrome patients compared with the normal controls. A preliminary study in 40 patients showed that a course of treatment using a gamma-globulin/histamine complex by subcutaneous injection produced a satisfactory response in 70%. A follow-on double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out using the same drug in 42 out of 86 women. Very effective or effective symptomatic relief was significantly higher in the group receiving active treatment. The best results were obtained in patients who had high IgE levels.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of chiropractic in primary care: findings of four community studies.

OBJECTIVE: To assess, through qualitative studies of 4 medically underserved communities, the receptivity of chiropractors, other health care providers, and consumers to the idea of chiropractors' assuming a focal role in primary care. METHOD: Visits by a team of 2 researchers to 4 medically underserved communities: (1) rural towns in eastern Oregon; (2) rural towns in Iowa; (3) underserved areas of Miami, Fla; and (4) underserved areas of Chicago, Ill. Each site visit included interviews with chiropractors, other health care providers, and managers of health facilities as well as with focus groups of consumers. RESULTS: If chiropractors were to pursue a primary care role based on an allopathic model of primary care, there would not be widespread consumer receptivity. Those consumers who are most likely to use chiropractors as primary care providers are those who prefer health care models that have a close affinity with lay conceptualizations of illness and health care. CONCLUSIONS: The community studies suggested that chiropractors and consumers might prefer that chiropractors not be primary care providers in a conventional way and that the allopathic community might be indifferent or even hostile to the idea of chiropractors and other non-MDs as major primary care providers. Current practice models of chiropractors do not include a strong allopathic model of primary care, although they are consistent with consumer preferences and satisfying to chiropractors.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗